Konstantin Konstantinovich (Ksaveryevich) Rokossovsky (1896-1968) - Shugaban soja na Soviet da Poland, Jarumi na Soviet da kuma Knight na Order of Nasara sau biyu.
Maaya daga cikin marshal na jihohi biyu a tarihin Soviet: Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet (1944) da Marshal na Poland (1949). Daya daga cikin manyan shugabannin soja na yakin duniya na biyu.
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Rokossovsky, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanka gajeriyar tarihin Konstantin Rokossovsky.
Tarihin rayuwar Rokossovsky
An haifi Konstantin Rokossovsky a ranar 9 ga Disamba (21), 1896 a Warsaw. Ya girma a gidan Pole Xavier Józef, wanda ke aiki a matsayin mai kula da jirgin ƙasa, da matarsa Antonina Ovsyannikova, wanda malami ne. Baya ga Konstantin, an haifi yarinya Helena a cikin dangin Rokossovsky.
Iyaye sun bar ɗansu da diyarsu marayu da wuri. A cikin 1905, mahaifinsa ya mutu, kuma bayan shekaru 6 mahaifiyarsa ba ta tafi ba. A lokacin ƙuruciyarsa, Konstantin yayi aiki a matsayin mataimaki ga mai dafa irin kek sannan kuma likitan hakori.
A cewar marshal da kansa, ya sami nasarar kammala aji 5 na gidan motsa jiki. A lokacin da yake hutu, yana son karanta littattafai a Yaren mutanen Poland da Rasha.
A lokacin tarihin rayuwar 1909-1914. Rokossovsky yayi aiki a matsayin mason a taron bita na matar mahaifiyarsa. Tare da ɓarkewar Yaƙin Duniya na (aya (1914-1918), ya tafi zuwa gaba, inda ya yi aiki a cikin sojojin doki.
Aikin soja
A lokacin yakin, Constantine ya nuna kansa jarumi ne jarumi. A daya daga cikin fadace-fadacen, ya bambanta kansa yayin aiwatar da aikin leken asiri na dawakai, kasancewar an ba shi kyautar St. George Cross na digiri na 4. Bayan haka an ciyar da shi zuwa kofur.
A cikin shekarun yakin, Rokossovsky shima ya shiga yakin Warsaw. A wannan lokacin, ya koyi hawa doki ƙwarai da gaske, harbi bindiga daidai, kuma yana amfani da saber da pike.
A cikin 1915 an ba Konstantin lambar girmamawa ta St. George na digiri na 4 don nasarar kame masu tsaron Jamus. Bayan haka ya shiga cikin ayyukan bincike, a lokacin da ya sami lambar yabo ta St. George na digiri na 3.
A cikin 1917, bayan da ya sami labarin batun narkar da Nicholas II, Konstantin Rokossovsky ya yanke shawarar shiga cikin rundunar Red Army. Daga baya ya zama memba na Jam'iyyar Bolshevik. A lokacin Yaƙin basasa, ya jagoranci rundunar sojoji na rundunar sojan doki daban.
A cikin 1920, sojojin Rokossovsky suka sami gagarumar nasara a yakin Troitskosavsk, inda ya ji rauni mai tsanani. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine don wannan yakin an bashi lambar Red Banner. Bayan ya murmure, ya ci gaba da yakar Farin Tsaro, yana yin duk mai yiwuwa don hallaka abokan gaba.
Bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, Konstantin ya ɗauki kwasa-kwasan horon horo ga ma'aikatan kwamanda, inda ya sadu da Georgy Zhukov da Andrei Eremenko. A cikin 1935 an ba shi lambar kwamandan runduna.
Daya daga cikin mawuyacin lokuta a tarihin Rokossovsky ya faɗi ne a 1937, lokacin da abin da ake kira "tsarkakewa" ya fara. An tuhume shi da hada kai da jami'an leken asirin Poland da Japan. Wannan ya haifar da kame kwamandan rundunar, a yayin azabtarwar da shi.
Koyaya, masu binciken sun kasa samun tabbataccen furci daga Konstantin Konstantinovich. A cikin 1940 an gyara shi kuma an sake shi. Abin mamaki, an ba shi mukamin babban janar kuma an ba shi amintaccen jagorantar Rundunar Soja ta 9.
Babban Yaƙin rioasa
Rokossovsky ya haɗu da farkon yaƙin a Gabas ta Yamma. Duk da rashin kayan aikin soja, mayaƙansa a tsakanin watan Yuni da Yulin 1941 sun yi nasarar kare kansu kuma sun gaji da Nazis, suna ba da mukamansu kawai bisa umarni.
Saboda wadannan nasarorin da aka samu, an baiwa janar lambar yabo ta 4 ta Jan Banner a aikinsa. Bayan haka, an aika shi zuwa Smolensk, inda aka tilasta shi ya sake dawo da rikice-rikicen ɓarkewar ɓarna.
Ba da daɗewa ba Konstantin Rokossovsky ya shiga cikin yaƙe-yaƙe kusa da Moscow, wanda dole ne a kare shi ta kowane hali. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ya sami damar nunawa a aikace a matsayinsa na jagora, bayan ya karɓi Umurnin Lenin. Bayan 'yan watanni, ya ji mummunan rauni, sakamakon haka ya kwashe makonni da yawa a asibiti.
A watan Yulin 1942, marshal na gaba ya shiga cikin sanannen Yaƙin Stalingrad. Ta hanyar umarnin mutum na Stalin, ba za a iya ba Jamusawan wannan birni ta kowane yanayi ba. Mutumin yana ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka haɓaka kuma suka shirya aikin soja "Uranus" don kewaye da lalata rukunin Jamusawa.
An fara aikin ne a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 1942, kuma bayan kwanaki 4, sojojin Soviet sun sami nasarar bugawa sojojin Field Marshal Paulus, wanda, tare da ragowar sojojinsa, aka kame. Gaba ɗaya, an kame janar-janar 24, hafsoshin Jamusawa 2500 da sojoji kusan 90,000.
A watan Janairun shekara mai zuwa, Rokossovsky ya sami karin girma zuwa Kanal Janar. Wannan ya biyo bayan muhimmiyar nasarar da Red Army ta samu a Kursk Bulge, sannan kuma a bayyane aka aiwatar da aikin "Bagration" (1944), godiya ga abin da ya yiwu a 'yantar da Belarus, da kuma wasu biranen na Baltic States da Poland.
Jim kadan kafin karshen yakin, Konstantin Rokossovsky ya zama Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet. Bayan nasarar da aka daɗe ana jira a kan Nazi, ya ba da umarnin Faretin Nasara, wanda Zhukov ya shirya.
Rayuwar mutum
Matar Rokossovsky kawai ita ce Julia Barmina, wacce ke aiki a matsayin malami. Matasan sun yi aure a 1923. Bayan wasu shekaru daga baya, ma'auratan sun sami yarinya, Ariadne.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa yayin da ake jiyya a asibiti, kwamandan ya yi lalata da likitan sojan Galina Talanova. Sakamakon dangantakar su shine haihuwar 'yar haramtacciya, Nadezhda. Konstantin ya gane yarinyar kuma ya sanya mata sunan karshe, amma bayan ya rabu da Galina bai kula da wata dangantaka da ita ba.
Mutuwa
Konstantin Rokossovsky ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Agusta, 1968 yana da shekara 71. Dalilin mutuwarsa shine cutar sankara. Kwana daya kafin rasuwarsa, marshal din ya aika wa manema labarai wani littafin tarihi mai taken "Aikin Soja".
Hotunan Rokossovsky
