Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Mandelstam

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Mandelstam - wannan wata dama ce mai ban sha'awa don ƙarin koyo game da aikin mawaƙin Soviet. An ɗauke shi ɗayan manyan mawaƙan Rasha na ƙarni na ƙarshe. Yawancin gwaji masu yawa sun mamaye rayuwar Mandelstam. Hukumomi sun tsananta masa kuma abokan aikinsa sun ci amanarsa, amma koyaushe yana kasancewa mai gaskiya ga ƙa'idodinsa da imaninsa.

Mun kawo muku hankali abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da Mandelstam.

1. Osip Mandelstam (1891-1938) - mawaƙi, mai fassara, marubuci, marubuci kuma mai sukar adabi.
2. A haihuwa, ana kiran Mandelstam Joseph kuma daga baya ya yanke shawarar canza sunansa zuwa Osip.
3. Mawaƙin ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin gidan yahudawa, wanda shugabanta shine Emily Mandelstam, maigidan safofin hannu kuma ɗan kasuwa na ƙungiyar farko.
4. A cikin samartakarsa, Mandelstam ya shiga ɗaya daga cikin jami'o'in St. Petersburg a matsayin mai binciken kuɗi, amma ba da daɗewa ba ya yanke shawarar barin komai, ya bar karatu a Faransa, sannan ya tafi Jamus.
5. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a cikin ƙuruciyarsa, Mandelstam ya haɗu da shahararrun mawaƙa kamar Nikolai Gumilyov, Alexander Blok da Anna Akhmatova.
6. Rukuni na farko na waƙoƙi, wanda aka buga a cikin kofi 600, an buga shi da kuɗin mahaifin da mahaifin Mandelstam.
7. Da yake so ya saba da aikin Dante a cikin asali, Osip Mandelstam ya koyi Italiyanci don wannan.
8. Don ayar da ke la'antar Stalin, kotu ta yanke hukuncin tura Mandelstam zuwa gudun hijira, wanda yake yi masa hidima a Voronezh.
9. Akwai sanannen lamari lokacin da wani marubucin rubutu ya mari Alexei Tolstoy. A cewar Mandelstam, ya yi aikinsa ne cikin mummunan imani a matsayin shugaban kotun marubuta.
10. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce yayin da yake gudun hijira, Mandelstam ya so kashe kansa ta hanyar yin tsalle daga taga.
11. An yanke wa Osip Mandelstam hukuncin shekara 5 a wani sansani bayan yanke hukunci da sakataren kungiyar marubuta ya yi, wanda ya kira wakokin nasa "kazafi" da "batsa".
12. A lokacin da yake gudun hijira a Gabas ta Tsakiya, mawaki, kasancewar yana cikin yanayi mai wuyar jurewa, ya mutu saboda gajiya. Koyaya, babban dalilin da yasa ya mutu shine bugun zuciya.
13. Nabokov yayi magana sosai game da aikin Mandelstam, yana kiransa "mawaki kaɗai na Stalin na Rasha."
14. A cikin da'irar Anna Akhmatova, an kira mutumin da ya sami kyautar Nobel nan gaba Joseph Brodsky "ƙaramin Axis".

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