Sarki Kirill (a duniya Vladimir Mikhailovich Gundyaev; jinsi Ubannin Mosko da Dukan Rasha tun a ranar 1 ga Fabrairu, 2009. Kafin nadin sarauta - Metropolitan na Smolensk da Kaliningrad.
A lokacin 1989-2009. yayi aiki a matsayin shugaban sashin Synodal for External Relations na Cocin kuma ya kasance memba na dindindin na Holy Synod. A watan Janairun 2009, Majalisar Karamar Hukumar Ikklesiyar Orthodox ta Rasha ta zabe shi a matsayin Basaraken Mosko da All Russia.
Akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar sarki Kirill, wanda zamu tattauna a wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanku gajeriyar tarihin Vladimir Gundyaev.
Tarihin rayuwar sarki Kirill
Patril Kirill (aka Vladimir Gundyaev) an haife shi ne a ranar 20 ga Nuwamba, 1946 a Leningrad. Ya girma a cikin dangin Archpriest Mikhail Vasilyevich na Orthodox da matarsa Raisa Vladimirovna, wacce malami ce a yaren Jamusanci.
Baya ga Vladimir, an haifi Nikolai da yarinya Elena a cikin dangin Gundyaev. Tun daga ƙuruciyarsa, sarki mai zuwa nan gaba ya san koyarwar Orthodox da al'adun gargajiya. Kamar kowane ɗayan yara, yayi karatu a makarantar sakandare, bayan haka ya yanke shawarar shiga Seminary tauhidin ta Leningrad.
Sannan saurayin ya ci gaba da karatunsa a makarantar ilimin tauhidi, wanda ya kammala da girmamawa a shekara ta 1970. A wannan lokacin tuni ya zama ɗan bautar zuhudu, sakamakon haka aka fara kiran sa da suna Cyril.
Daga wannan lokacin ne a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa cewa Cyril ya fara haɓaka aiki da sauri a matsayin malami. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce lokacin da shekaru suka zama zababben sarki na Moscow da All Russia, zai zama sarki na farko da aka haifa a Tarayyar Soviet.
Bishopric
A shekarar 1970, Kirill ya samu nasarar kare kundin karatun sa, bayan haka kuma an bashi digirin dan takarar tiyoloji. Godiya ga wannan, ya sami damar shiga ayyukan koyarwa.
A shekara mai zuwa, an daga darajar mutumin zuwa matsayin archimandrite, kuma an ba shi mukamin wakilin Fada na Mosko a Majalisar Ikklisiya ta Duniya a Geneva. Shekaru uku bayan haka, ya shugabanci makarantar hauza ta ilimin addini da makarantar kimiyya a Leningrad.
Yayinda yake cikin wannan sakon, Kirill ya aiwatar da mahimman canje-canje. Musamman, ya zama na farko a cikin tarihin Cocin Orthodox na Rasha don kafa aji na musamman don 'yan mata - "uwaye" na gaba. Hakanan, ta wurin umurninsa, an fara koyar da ilimin motsa jiki a cibiyoyin ilimi.
Lokacin da malamin yana da shekaru 29, an nada shi shugaban majalisar diocesan na Leningrad Metropolitanate. Bayan 'yan watanni, ya shiga kwamitin Majalisar Ikklisiya ta Duniya.
A cikin bazarar 1976, an nada Kirill a matsayin bishop na Vyborg, kuma shekara daya da rabi bayan haka, an naɗa shi a matsayin babban Bishop. Ba da daɗewa ba aka ba shi amanar kula da majami'un patriarchal a cikin Finland.
A shekarar 1983, wani mutum ya koyar da ilimin tauhidi a kwalejin tauhidin ta Moscow. A shekara mai zuwa ya zama Akbishop na Vyazemsky da Smolensk. A ƙarshen 1980s, ya zama memba na Holy Synod, sakamakon haka ya taka rawa a cikin sauye-sauyen Orthodox da al'amuran addini.
A watan Fabrairun 1991, wani muhimmin abu ya faru a tarihin rayuwar Cyril - an daga shi zuwa babban birni. A cikin shekarun da suka biyo baya, ya ci gaba da hawa matakan aiki, yana samun suna a matsayin mai kawo zaman lafiya. An bashi lambar yabo ta Lovia sau uku don kiyayewa da ƙarfafa zaman lafiya a duniya.
Bayan rugujewar USSR, Cocin Orthodox na Rasha na Patriarchate na Moscow (ROC MP) ya fara shiga cikin harkokin jihar sosai. Hakanan, Cyril ya zama ɗayan fitattun wakilan Cocin. Yana da kyau a lura da cewa saboda kokarinsa, ya yiwu a hada ROC da majami’un da ke kasashen waje, tare da kulla alaka da Vatican.
Shugabancin ƙasa
Tun 1995, Kirill ya haɓaka aiki tare da hukumomin Rasha, kuma ya kasance yana aiki cikin aikin ilimantarwa akan Talabijin. Daga baya, tare da abokan aikin sa, ya sami damar haɓaka tunanin ROC dangane da alaƙar coci da jihar.
Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa a cikin 2000 Tushen Tsarin Zamani na ROC ya fara aiki. Lokacin da sarki Alexy na II ya mutu shekaru 8 bayan haka, Metropolitan Kirill an nada shi tenum tenens. Shekarar ta gaba aka zaɓe shi a matsayin Babban Sarki na 16 na Mosko da All Russia.
Shugaban kasa da Firayim Ministan Rasha sun taya sabon zababben Basaraken murnar wannan mukamin tare da bayyana fatansu na hadin kai tsakanin Cocin da jihar. Bugu da kari, manyan malamai da yawa, ciki har da Paparoma Benedict na 16, sun taya Cyril murna.
Daga wannan lokacin har zuwa yau, sarki Kirill yakan ziyarci wurare daban-daban masu tsarki, yana sadarwa tare da shugabannin duniya, yana shiga cikin majalisun ƙasashe da gudanar da aiyuka. Ya yi suna don kasancewa mai ilimi sosai kuma yana iya jayayya da maganarsa da maganganunsa.
A cikin 2016, wani muhimmin abin da ya faru a tarihin rayuwar sarki Kirill. A ziyarar da ya kai Cuba, ya gana da Paparoma Francis. An tattauna wannan taron a duk duniya. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, wannan ita ce haduwa ta farko a wannan matakin a duk tarihin Ikklisiyoyin Rasha da na Roman, yayin da aka sanya hannu kan sanarwar haɗin gwiwa.
Abin kunya
Sarki Kirill galibi ya sami kansa cikin tsakiyar abin kunya. An zarge shi da cinikayyar cinikayyar taba da kayan maye a farkon shekarun 90, tare da zamba ta haraji.
A cewar malamin da magoya bayansa, irin wadannan zarge-zargen tsokana ce. Mutanen da ke yada irin waɗannan bayanan suna iya ƙoƙarin su ɓata sunan mai gidan sarki. A lokaci guda, Kirill bai taba shigar da kara a gaban ‘yan jaridar da suka kawo masa wannan tuhumar ba.
A lokaci guda, an soki sarki kuma ana ci gaba da kushe shi saboda salon rayuwar marmari wanda ya saba wa kantunan coci.
A lokacin bazara na 2018, rikici ya ɓarke a Bulgaria. Vladyka ya ce shugaban kasar nan, Rumen Radev, da gangan ya raina rawar da Rasha ta taka wajen 'yantar da Bulgaria daga mulkin Ottoman. A martaninsa, Firayim Ministan Bulgaria ya ce mutumin da ya taɓa yin aiki a cikin KGB ba shi da ikon gaya wa kowa abin da zai faɗa ko yadda za a yi.
Rayuwar mutum
Dangane da kundin coci, uban sarki bashi da ikon kafa iyali. Madadin haka, ya kamata ya ba da dukkan kulawarsa ga garkensa, yana kula da jin daɗinsu.
Baya ga lamuran coci da shiga cikin sadaka, Kirill na taka muhimmiyar rawa a siyasar jihar. Ya kasance a kusan dukkanin manyan tarurruka, inda yake bayyana matsayin Cocin game da ci gaban Rasha.
A lokaci guda, mutumin yana rubuta littattafai kan tarihin Cocin Kirista da haɗin kan Orthodox. Abin mamaki, yana adawa da surrogacy.
Sarki Kirill a yau
Yanzu sarki ya ci gaba da haɓaka ROC, yana halartar abubuwa daban-daban. Sau da yawa yakan je babban coci daban-daban, yana ziyartar wuraren bautar Orthodox kuma yana yada Orthodox.
Ba da daɗewa ba, Kirill ya yi magana mara kyau game da ba wa Ukraine hanya ta musamman. Haka kuma, ya yi alƙawarin katse hulɗa da Shugabancin Ecumenical idan sarki Basholomew bai canza halinsa game da 'yancin Ikklesiyar Ukara ta Yammacin Turai ba.
A cewar Vladyka, "Majalisar Haɗa kan" a cikin Ukraine wata ƙungiya ce ta adawa da canonical, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yanke shawara ba za su iya zama masu inganci a wannan ƙasar ba. Koyaya, a yau mai mulki bashi da madafa wanda zai iya tasiri ga halin da ake ciki.
A cewar wasu masana, idan har bangarorin suka kasa cimma matsaya, wannan na iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Fadar Shugabancin Mosko na iya rasa kusan 30% na jimillar majami'unta, wanda hakan zai haifar da rarrabuwar kawuna a cikin "Cocin Rasha da ba za ta rarrabuwa ba."
Hoton sarki Kirill
