Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) - Bafaranshe mai koyar da ilimin lissafi kai tsaye, ɗaya daga cikin waɗanda suka kirkiro ilimin lissafi, nazarin lissafi, ka'idar yiwuwar da ka'idar lamba. Lauya ta hanyar sana'a, polyglot. Marubucin labarin Fermat's Last Theorem, "mafi shahararren lissafin lissafi a kowane lokaci."
Akwai abubuwa da yawa masu ban sha'awa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Pierre Fermat, wanda za mu fada a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, ga takaitaccen tarihin rayuwar Pierre Fermat.
Tarihin rayuwar Pierre Fermat
An haifi Pierre Fermat a ranar 17 ga watan Agusta, 1601 a garin Beaumont de Lomagne na Faransa. Ya girma kuma ya girma a gidan wani hamshakin attajiri kuma jami'i, Dominic Fermat, da matarsa Claire de Long.
Pierre yana da ɗan’uwa ɗaya da mata biyu.
Yaro, samartaka da ilimi
Tarihin tarihin Pierre har yanzu ba su yarda da inda ya fara karatu ba.
Gabaɗaya an yarda cewa yaron yayi karatu a Kwalejin Navarre. Bayan haka, ya sami digirinsa na lauya a Toulouse, sannan ya samu a Bordeaux da Orleans.
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 30, Fermat ya zama amintaccen lauya, sakamakon haka ya sami damar siyen mukamin kansila na majalisar dokoki a Toulouse.
Pierre yana ta hanzarin hawa matsayin aiki, ya zama memba na House of Edicts a 1648. A lokacin ne kwayar "de" ta bayyana a cikin sunansa, bayan haka aka fara kiran sa Pierre de Fermat.
Godiya ga aikin lauya mai nasara da kuma auna, mutumin yana da lokacin hutu da yawa, wanda ya keɓe don ilimin kansa. A wannan lokacin a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, ya zama mai sha'awar ilimin lissafi, yana nazarin ayyuka daban-daban.
Ayyukan kimiyya
Lokacin da Pierre yake dan shekara 35, ya rubuta rubutun "Gabatarwa ga ka'idar shimfida wuri da sarari", inda yayi bayani dalla-dalla game da hangen nesan sa.
Shekarar mai zuwa, masanin kimiyya ya kirkiro sanannen "Theorem". Bayan shekaru 3, shi ma zai tsara - matan ƙaramin Ka'idar Fermat.
Fermat ya yi aiki tare da shahararrun masana lissafi, gami da Mersenne da Pascal, tare da su waɗanda ya tattauna game da ka'idar yiwuwar.
A cikin 1637, sanannen faɗa ya ɓarke tsakanin Pierre da René Descartes. Na farko a cikin mummunan yanayi ya soki Cartesian Dioptrica, na biyun kuma ya ba da cikakken nazarin ayyukan Fermat akan bincike.
Ba da daɗewa ba Pierre bai yi jinkiri ba don ba da madaidaiciyar mafita 2 - ɗaya bisa ga labarin Fermat, ɗayan kuma ya dogara ne da ra'ayoyin Descartes '"Geometry". A sakamakon haka, ya zama bayyane cewa hanyar Pierre ta zama mai sauƙi.
Daga baya, Descartes ya nemi gafara daga abokin hamayyarsa, amma har zuwa mutuwarsa ya bi da shi da son zuciya.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce abubuwan da masanin Faransanci ya gano ya ci gaba har zuwa yau saboda tarin manyan wasiƙun sa da abokan aiki. Aikinsa kawai a wancan lokacin, wanda aka buga a cikin bugawa, shi ne "Yarjejeniyar kan Daidaitawa".
Pierre Fermat, kafin Newton, ya sami damar amfani da hanyoyin banbanci don zana tangers da lissafin yankuna. Kuma kodayake bai tsara tsarin hanyoyinsa ba, Newton da kansa bai musanta cewa ra'ayoyin Fermat ne suka ingiza shi ya inganta bincike ba.
Babban abin yabo a cikin tarihin rayuwar masanin kimiyyar ana daukar shine kirkirar ka'idar lambobi.
Fermat ya kasance mai matukar sha'awar matsalolin lissafi, wanda yake yawan tattaunawa tare da sauran masana lissafi. Musamman, yana da sha'awar matsaloli game da murabbarorin sihiri da cubes, da kuma matsalolin da suka shafi dokokin lambobin ƙasa.
Daga baya, Pierre ya kirkiro wata hanya don nemo duk masu rarrabuwar lamba ta hanyar tsari kuma ya tsara ka'ida kan yiwuwar wakiltar lambar sabani a matsayin adadin da bai wuce murabba'ai 4 ba.
Abune mai ban sha'awa cewa yawancin hanyoyin Fermat na asali don magance matsaloli da matakan da Fermat tayi amfani dasu har yanzu ba'a san su ba. Wato, masanin kawai bai bar kowane bayani game da yadda ya warware wannan ko wancan aikin ba.
Akwai sanannen lamari lokacin da Mersenne ya nemi Bafaranshe don ya bincika ko lambar 100 895 598 169 babba ce. Kusan nan da nan ya ce wannan lambar daidai take da 898423 da aka ninka ta 112303, amma bai faɗi yadda ya kai ga wannan shawarar ba.
Fitattun nasarorin da Fermat ya samu a fagen ilimin lissafi sun gabaci zamaninsu kuma an manta dasu tsawon shekaru 70, har sai da Euler, wanda ya buga ka'idar tsarin lambobi.
Abubuwan binciken Pierre babu shakka suna da mahimmancin gaske. Ya kirkiro wata dokar gama gari ta bambancin digiri, ya kirkiro wata hanya don jan hankulan mutane zuwa lankwasa algebraic ba bisa ka'ida ba, sannan kuma ya bayyana ka'idar warware matsala mafi wahala ta neman tsawon kan hanya mara dalili.
Fermat ya zarce Descartes lokacin da yake son amfani da tsarin nazarin sararin samaniya. Ya sami nasarar tsara tushen ka'idar yiwuwar.
Pierre Fermat ya kware a cikin harsuna 6: Faransanci, Latin, Occitan, Girkanci, Italiyanci da Sifen.
Rayuwar mutum
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 30, Pierre ya auri wani ɗan uwan mahaifiya mai suna Louise de Long.
A cikin wannan auren, an haifi 'ya'ya biyar: Clement-Samuel, Jean, Claire, Catherine da Louise.
Shekarun da suka gabata da mutuwa
A shekarar 1652, Fermat ta kamu da wannan annoba, wacce a lokacin take ci gaba da yaduwa a birane da kasashe da yawa. Duk da haka, ya sami damar murmurewa daga wannan mummunar cutar.
Bayan wannan, masanin ya sake rayuwa tsawon wasu shekaru 13, yana mai mutuwa a ranar 12 ga Janairu, 1665 yana da shekara 63.
Zamanin zamani yayi magana game da Pierre a matsayin mai gaskiya, mai mutunci, mai kirki kuma mai hankali.
Pierre Fermat ne ya dauki hoto
