Turkiyya ƙasa ce mai tsananin zafi ta gabas wacce ke nuna ƙima da yanayinta da tarihinta. Formedasar da aka kafa bayan rushewar Daular Ottoman ta sami damar kare haƙƙin zama da ikon mallaka. Kowace shekara yawon buɗe ido na yawon buɗe ido, yana ƙoƙarin zuwa nan, yana ƙaruwa. Kuma ba a banza ba - abubuwan da ke cikin Turkiyya za su burge har ma da masanan fasaha masu kyan gani.
Masallacin Masallacin Istanbul
An gina wurin bautar a karni na 17 ta hanyar umarnin Sultan Ahmed I, wanda ya roki Allah don samun nasara a yake-yake da yawa. Rukunin addinin yana da ban mamaki a sikelinsa da tsarin gine-ginen: ana amfani da nau'ikan dutse da marmara masu tsada yayin ginin, da yawa daga tagogi suna ƙirƙirar hasken ciki ba tare da amfani da ƙarin haske ba. Rubutun larabci mai walƙiya yana ƙawata sararin babban dome da ganuwar. Babban fasalin masallacin shine minareti shida tare da baranda masu hade kusa da hudu. Masu ibada ne kaɗai ke da izinin shiga tsakiyar ɓangaren rukunin addinin; ba a ba wa masu yawon bude ido damar shiga wurin ba.
Hilt
Tsohuwar garin Afisa, wanda aka kafa a karni na 10 BC, yana a gefen Tekun Aegean har sai da wata mummunar girgizar ƙasa ta rusa shi. Rumawa da Helenawa, Romawa da Seljuks sun bar alamarsu a nan. Ofaya daga cikin abubuwan ban al'ajabi guda bakwai na duniya - Haikalin Artemis, wanda aka yi wa ado da zane-zane kuma an kewaye shi da ginshiƙai 36, a cikin can baya mai nisa an yi biris da titunan garin. Yanzu kango ne kawai ya rage daga gare ta. Haikalin Hadrian, Laburaren Celsus, Gidan Budurwa Maryamu, gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Roman sune manyan gine-ginen Afisa, waɗanda ke ƙarƙashin kariyar UNESCO. Waɗannan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba na Turkiyya za su bar wajan tunawa da kowa har abada.
Saint Sophie Cathedral
Wurin bautar, wanda ya ɗauki sama da shekaru biyar ana ginawa, wakili ne mai ban mamaki na tsarin salon Byzantine. Hagia Sophia ta kasance mafi ƙwarewar ƙwararrun masanan Constantinople. Babban kayan gini shine bulo, amma don ƙarin ɗamara, anyi amfani da zinariya, azurfa da duwatsu masu daraja. Alamar addini ta Byzantium tana tattare da rashin nasara da ikon daular kafin nasarar da Turkawa suka yi wa kasar. A wannan zamani, a cikin ganuwar babban cocin, ƙungiyoyin addini guda biyu suna da alaƙa sosai - Kiristanci da Islama.
Rushewar Troy
Troy, sunan na biyu na tsohuwar birni - Ilion, cike yake da ɓoyayyun abubuwa da almara. Makaho mai kirkira Homer ne yake rera mata waka a cikin wakokin "The Odyssey" da "Iliad", wadanda ke fada wa duniya dalilai da abubuwan da suka haifar da Yakin Trojan. Rushewar tsohon birni yana kiyaye ruhun waɗancan lokutan ɗaukaka na wadatar Troy: gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Rome, ginin Majalisar Dattawa, haikalin Athena a cikin tarihin Troy na baya sun taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gabanta. Misalin sanannen dokin Trojan, wanda ya yanke hukuncin sakamakon rikicin jini tsakanin Danaans da Trojan, ana ganin sa daga ko'ina cikin garin.
Dutsen Ararat
Dutsen Ararat dadadden dutsen mai fitad da wuta ne wanda ya fashe har sau biyar a tsawon rayuwarsa. Wannan jan hankalin na Turkiya na jan hankalin masu yawon bude ido da kyawawan halayenta, inda zaku iya samun nutsuwa da nutsuwa. Dutse mafi tsayi a Turkiyya sananne ne ba kawai don abubuwan da ke birge shi daga samansa ba, har ma don shiga cikin Kiristanci. Tatsuniyoyin Baibul suna cewa a wannan ƙwanƙolin ne Nuhu ya sami ceto yayin Ruwan Tsufana, tun da ya gina jirgi a nan.
Kapadokya
Kapadokya, wanda ke tsakiyar yankin gabashin, an kafa shi a farkon Millennium BC. Yankin yana kewaye da duwatsu kuma yana da shimfidar wuri mara kyau. A nan Kiristoci na farko suka sami mafaka a lokacin tsanantawa, suna kafa matsugunan kogo a cikin tuff, da garuruwan da ke karkashin ƙasa da kuma gidajen ibada na kogon. Wadannan biyun sune Goreme National Park, gidan kayan gargajiya na sararin samaniya. Duk wannan ya wanzu har zuwa yau kuma yana ƙarƙashin kariyar UNESCO.
Ruwan ruwa na Duden
Ziyartar ruwan ruwa na Duden zai dace da waɗancan yawon buɗe ido waɗanda ke son nutsuwa da tunani. Kogunan Duden da ke kwarara, wadanda ke gudana kusan a duk yankin Antalya, sun samar da maɓuɓɓugar ruwa guda biyu - Lower Duden da Upper Duden. Cote d'Azur, ciyayi masu banbanci da yanayi mai ban sha'awa - duk wannan yana kewaye da jan hankalin ruwa na Turkiya, yana mai bayyana kyanta da darajarta.
Fadar Topkapi
Fadar Topkapi ta faro ne daga tsakiyar karni na 15, lokacin da aka fara wani babban aikin gini bisa umarnin padishah Mehmed mai nasara Ottoman. Ofaya daga cikin manyan abubuwan jan hankali na Turkiyya yana da wuri na musamman - yana shimfidawa zuwa gaɓar Cape Sarayburnu, a haɗuwar Bosphorus zuwa Tekun Marmara. Har zuwa karni na 19, gidan sarautar ya kasance gidan sarakunan Ottoman, a karni na 20 an bashi matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya. Katangar wannan rukunin gine-ginen suna adana tarihin Khyurrem da Suleiman I Maɗaukaki.
Basilica Rana
Ramin Basilica wani tsohuwar ruwa ne mai ban mamaki wanda ya kai zurfin mita 12. Bangon tsarin suna da mafita ta musamman wacce zata baka damar riƙe ruwa. Gidan ajiyar ya yi kama da gidan ibada na gargajiya - akwai ginshiƙai 336 a kan iyakarta waɗanda ke riƙe da rufin rufin. Ginin Basilica ya kasance an fara shi a lokacin mulkin Constantine I a farkon karni na 5, kuma ya ƙare a 532, lokacin da ikon mallakar Justiniyan I ne Ruwan samarwa ya ba da damar tsira daga yaƙe-yaƙe da fari.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Demre
Amphitheater a cikin tunanin mutane yana da alaƙa da Tsohon Girka da Rome. Amma akwai irin wannan mu'ujizar ta tsohon gine-gine a cikin Turkiya, wanda aka gina akan yankin tsohuwar ƙasar Lycia. Koloseum, wanda yake a cikin tsohon garin Mira, yana da yankuna da yawa a cikin mallaka: ta ƙa'idodin zamani, zai iya ɗaukar mutane dubu 10. Abu ne mai sauki ka yi tunanin kanka a matsayin jarumi jarumi wanda ya nuna wa mutane fasahar tuka karusai.
Bosphorus
Hanyar Bosphorus ita ce mafi ƙarancin hanyar ruwa a duk duniya. Ruwanta ya haɗu da Tekun Baƙi da na Marmara, kuma Maɗaukaki Istanbul ya shimfida gefen gabar - garin da ke kwance a Asiya da Turai. Ramin yana da kuma har yanzu yana da mahimmin mahimmin jirgin ruwa, na dogon lokaci ana gwagwarmaya don iko da shi. Lokaci na karshe ruwan Bosphorus, a cewar rubutun Turkiyya, ya daskare a watan Fabrairu 1621.
Kabarin Lycian
Lycia tsohuwar ƙasa ce a inda Turkiyya ta tashi yau. Yawancin kakannin tarihi sun bar kakanninmu. Ofayan waɗannan shine kaburburan Lycian. Ba jana'izar da mutumin zamani ya sani bane, amma dukkanin gine-ginen gine-ginen, waɗanda aka kasu kashi iri daban-daban. Anan zaka iya gani:
- kaya mara kyau - kaburbura da aka sassaka cikin duwatsu;
- tapinak - binnewa a cikin sifofin tsafi masu ɗaukaka, wanda ke nuna salon tsohuwar Lycians;
- multilevel dakhit - mafaka ta ƙarshe a cikin hanyar sarcophagi;
- Gidajen kabari kama da bukkoki na Lycian.
Kogon Damlatash
Kogon Damlatas, wanda aka gano kwatsam a tsakiyar karni na 20, yana cikin garin Alanya na Turkiyya. Wannan alamar ta Turkiyya sanannen tsari ne na halitta tare da kayan magani. Motley stalagmites da stalactites sun bayyana a cikin kogon, wanda iskarsa ke cike da carbon dioxide, sama da shekaru dubu 15. Matsalar yanayi a Damlatash koyaushe 760 mm Hg ne. Art. kuma baya dogara da kakar.
Masallacin Suleymaniye
Girman maɗaukaki da ɗaukaka, wanda aka gina a karni na 16 ta hanyar umarnin Suleiman I, yana cikin Istanbul. Masallacin sananne ne ba kawai don tagogin gilashi masu yawa ba, da kyawawan kayan ado, da kyakkyawan lambu, da babban laburare, da minaret masu faɗi huɗu, amma kuma don rashin iyawa. Babu girgizar ƙasa ko gobara da za su iya halakar da wannan wurin bautar. Hakanan, a nan ne kabarin mai mulkin Ottoman Suleiman I da matarsa Khyurrem suke.
Tsaunin tsaunin Yanartash
"Chimera mai hura wuta" - irin wannan laƙabin da aka ba wa mutane ta dutsen Yanartash, wanda ya tayar da tsoro da son sani ga mutane tun fil azal. Wannan ya faru ne saboda tarin iskar gas, wanda ke ratsa raƙuman duwatsun kuma yana ƙonewa kai tsaye. Oƙarin kashe wutar bai haifar da komai ba, don haka Rumawa suka ɗauki wannan wuri a matsayin wuri mai tsarki. A cewar tatsuniya, a kan wannan tsaunin ne Chimera ya rayu - dodo da ke hura wuta wanda jarumi Bellerophon ya kashe kuma aka jefa shi cikin jijiyar dutsen. Akwai ra'ayi cewa wutar Yanartash ce wutar da ba za ta mutu ba.
Korama ta Cleopatra a cikin Pamukkale
Jan hankalin ruwa na Turkiyya a Pamukkale yana da cikakkiyar yanayin rashin kayan magani da kuma kyakkyawan labari. A cewar tatsuniya, sarauniyar Misra Cleopatra kanta tayi wanka a cikin ruwan tafkin. Mutane daga ko'ina cikin Daular Rome sun zo nan don yin wanka don ba da magani da inganta ƙoshin lafiyarsu. Wurin ya cika da ma'adinai masu amfani, zafin jiki a ciki ba ya canzawa - yana da 35 ºС, ba tare da la'akari da yanayin yanayi ba.
Arched ƙofar a Side
Theofar da aka kafa ita ce hanyar da take zuwa tsohuwar ɓangaren Side. An girka su ne tun shekara ta 71 BC don girmamawa ga sarkin Rome Vespasian, wanda ya kafa babbar daular Flavian. Tsayin ƙofar ya kusan mita 6, a zamanin da yana da fikafikai biyu, ɗayan yana buɗewa a ciki ɗayan kuma a waje. Abun jan hankali koyaushe yana fuskantar maidowa; ya sami fitowarta ta ƙarshe ne kawai a lokacin mulkin Rome.
Kore canyon
Green Canyon tafki ne na wucin gadi mai tsafta tare da tsaftataccen ruwa mai ƙarancin ciyawa da kewaye. Ruwan da ke nan an cika shi da ƙarfe, don haka hanyar ruwa tana da launi na emerald. Wannan wuri cikakke ne ga waɗanda ke neman jituwa da zaman lafiya. Kyawawan shimfidar wurare, kyawawan tsaunukan Taurus waɗanda aka rufe da dazuzzuka coniferous - duk wannan zai yi kira ga masu ƙwarewar kyawawan halaye.
Gidan sufi na Panagia Sumela
Gidan ibada wani gidan ibada ne na Orthodox wanda ba shi da tasiri tun daga ƙarshen 4 - farkon ƙarni na 5 AD. Bambancin rukunin addini ya ta'allaka ne da cewa an sassaka shi cikin dutsen a tsawan mita 300 sama da matakin teku. Tun daga ƙarshen ƙarni na 4, gidan sufi ya riƙe gunkin Virgin Panagia Sumela, bisa ga almara, wanda mai bishara Luka ya rubuta. Kusa da gidan sufi, zaku iya ganin maɓuɓɓugan maɓuɓɓugan da aka lalata, waɗanda ruwayensu a zamanin da suke da kayan warkarwa.
Dutsen Nemrut-Dag
Dutsen Nemrut Dag ya tashi a garin Adiyaman, wanda ke kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya. A kan yankin jan hankalin tsaunuka, an kiyaye tsoffin gine-ginen gine-gine da tsofaffin mutummutumai na gumakan zamanin Hellenistic. Duk wannan an gina ta da umarnin sarki Antiochus na I, mai mulkin jihar Commagene. Sarki mai fahariya ya sanya kansa daidai da alloli, don haka ya ba da umarnin a gina kabarinsa, kwatankwacin na dala na Masar, a Dutsen Nemrut-Dag kuma a kewaye shi da gumakan da ke zaune a kan karagu. Mutum-mutumin, wadanda suka fi shekaru 2000, sun wanzu har zuwa yau kuma suna ƙarƙashin kariyar UNESCO.
Waɗannan ba duk abubuwan ganin Turkiyya bane, amma waɗanda aka lissafa a sama zasu ba ku damar jin daɗin yanayin wannan kyakkyawar ƙasar.
