Haikalin Artemis na Afisa ɗayan ɗayan ban mamaki bakwai ne na duniya, amma bai tsira ba har zuwa yau kamar yadda yake. Moreoverari ga haka, ƙaramin ɓangare kawai na wannan mashahurin gine-ginen ya rage, wanda ke tunatar da cewa tsohon birni na dā na Afisa ya shahara da kyau kuma yana girmama allahiyar haihuwa.
Kadan game da dalla-dalla game da Haikalin Artemis a Afisa
Haikalin Artemis na Afisa yana kan yankin ƙasar Turkiya ta zamani. A zamanin da, akwai polis mai walwala a nan, ana ci gaba da kasuwanci, shahararrun masana falsafa, masu sassaƙa, masu zane. A cikin Afisa, ana girmama Artemis, ita ce ke kula da dukkan kyaututtukan da dabbobi da tsire-tsire suka gabatar, haka kuma mataimakiyar haihuwa. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa aka tsara babban tsari don gina haikali don girmama ta, wanda a wancan lokacin ba shi da sauƙi a gina.
A sakamakon haka, Wuri Mai Tsarki ya zama babba, wanda fadinsa ya kai mita 52 kuma tsawonsa ya kai mita 105. Tsayin ginshikan ya kai 18, akwai su 127. An yi imanin cewa kowane shafi kyauta ce daga ɗayan sarakuna. A yau zaku iya ganin abin mamakin duniya ba kawai a cikin hoto ba. A cikin Turkiyya, an sake sake ginin babban haikalin a cikin sifar da aka rage. Ga waɗanda ke mamakin inda aka samo kwafin, za ku iya ziyartar Miniungiyar Miniaturk da ke Istanbul.
An gina haikalin ga allahiya na haihuwa ba kawai a cikin Afisa ba, saboda ginin mai wannan suna yana kan tsibirin Corfu a Girka. Wannan tarihin abin tarihi bai kai girman Afisawa ba, amma kuma an dauke shi fitaccen yanki na gine-gine. Gaskiya ne, yau kadan ya rage daga gare ta.
Tarihin halitta da hutu
An gina Haikalin Artemis na Afisa sau biyu, kuma kowane lokaci mummunan yanayi yana jiran sa. Khersifron ya haɓaka babban aiki a farkon ƙarni na 6. BC e. Shi ne wanda ya zaɓi sabon wuri don gina abin mamakin duniya na gaba. Sau da yawa akwai girgizar ƙasa a wannan yankin, don haka aka zaɓi filayen marshland don kafuwar tsarin gaba, wanda ya rage rawar jiki da hana ɓarna daga bala'o'i.
King Croesus ne ya ba da kuɗaɗen aikin ginin, amma bai taɓa gudanar da ganin wannan abin gwanin ba a cikin sigar da ya gama. Kansa Metagenes ya ci gaba da aikin Khersifron, kuma Demetrius da Paeonius sun gama a farkon ƙarni na 5 An gina haikalin da farin marmara. Siffar Artemis an yi ta da hauren giwa, an kawata ta da duwatsu masu daraja da zinariya. Adon cikin gida ya kasance mai ban sha'awa cewa ginin da kyau ana ɗauka ɗayan mafi kyau a duniya. A cikin 356 BC. babbar halitta ta lullube da harsunan harshen wuta, wanda ya sanya ta rasa tsohuwar sha'awarta. Yawancin bayanai game da tsarin katako ne, don haka suka ƙone ƙasa, kuma marmara ta zama baƙar fata daga ƙoshin lafiya, saboda ba shi yiwuwa a kashe wutar a cikin irin wannan katafaren tsari a wancan zamanin.
Kowa ya so sanin ko wanene ya kone babban ginin a cikin garin, amma ba a dauki lokaci mai tsawo ba aka gano mai laifin. Girkanci wanda ya ƙone haikalin Artemis ya ba da sunan kansa kuma ya yi alfahari da abin da ya yi. Herostratus yana son a kiyaye sunansa har abada cikin tarihi, don haka ya yanke shawarar ɗaukar irin wannan matakin. Don wannan nasiha, an hukunta mai kone kone: don shafe sunansa daga duk kafofin don kar ya sami abin da yake so. Tun daga wannan lokacin ana yi masa laƙabi da "mahaukaci ɗaya", amma ya zo har zuwa zamaninmu wanda ya ƙone asalin ginin haikalin.
Ta karni na III. ta hannun Alexander the Great, aka sake gina haikalin Artemis. An wargaza shi, an ƙarfafa tushe kuma an sake sake shi a cikin asalin sa. A cikin 263, Goths sun washe tsarkakakkun wurare yayin mamayewa. Tare da karɓar Kiristanci, an hana arna, don haka a hankali aka rusa haikalin a sassa. Daga baya, an gina coci a nan, amma kuma an lalata shi.
Abin sha'awa game da kusan manta
Shekaru da yawa, yayin da aka watsar da Afisa, gidan ibada ya ci gaba da lalacewa, kuma aka nutsar da kango a cikin dausayi. Shekaru da yawa ba wanda ya sami ikon gano wurin da Wuri Mai Tsarki yake. A 1869, John Wood ya gano sassan abubuwan da aka rasa, amma a cikin karni na 20 ne kawai ya yiwu a kai ga tushe.
Daga tubalan da aka ciro daga fadamar, bisa ga bayanin, sun yi kokarin maido da shafi guda, wanda ya zama ya dan zama kankanta fiye da yadda yake a da. Kowace rana, ɗaruruwan masu yawon buɗe ido suna ɗaukar ɗaruruwan hotuna waɗanda ke mafarkin kusan taɓa wani ɗayan abubuwan al'ajabi na duniya.
Muna ba da shawarar karantawa game da Haikali na Parthenon.
A yayin balaguron, an ba da labarai masu ban sha'awa da yawa game da haikalin Artemis na Afisa, kuma duk duniya yanzu ta san a cikin wane gari ne mafi kyawun haikalin zamanin da yake.
