Ga kiɗan Rasha, Mikhail Ivanovich Glinka (1804 - 1857) daidai yake da Pushkin na adabi. Kiɗan Rasha, tabbas, ya wanzu kafin Glinka, amma kawai bayan bayyanar ayyukansa "Life for the Tsar", "Ruslan da Lyudmila", "Kamarinskaya", waƙoƙi da soyayya, waƙa ta ɓarke daga shagunan da ba na addini ba kuma ya zama mutane na gaske. Glinka ya zama farkon mawaƙin Rasha na ƙasa, kuma aikinsa ya rinjayi ɗimbin mabiya. Bugu da kari, Glinka, wacce ke da kyakkyawar murya, ita ce ta kafa makarantar koyar da sautin farko a Rasha a St.Petersburg.
Rayuwar MI Glinka da wuya a kira shi mai sauƙi da rashin kulawa. Rashin fuskantar, kamar yawancin abokan aikinsa, tsananin wahalar abin duniya, baiyi farin ciki da auren ba. Matarsa ta yaudare shi, ya yaudari matarsa, amma bisa dokokin saki na wancan lokacin, ba za su iya rabuwa na dogon lokaci ba. Fasahar kirkire-kirkire a cikin aikin Glinka ba ta karɓar kowa da kowa ba, kuma galibi yana haifar da zargi. Ya yaba wa mawakin, bai yi kasa a gwiwa ba ya tafi yadda ya ga dama, ba tare da ya juya baya ba ko bayan nasarar da aka samu, kamar yadda yake a opera “A Life for the Tsar”, ko kuma bayan wasannin farko da suka kusan gazawa (“Ruslan da Lyudmila”)
1. Mahaifiyar Glinka Evgenia Andreevna ta fito ne daga dangin mai gidan masu hannu da shuni, kuma mahaifinta ya kasance mai mallakar fili mai hannu da shuni. Saboda haka, lokacin da Ivan Nikolaevich Glinka ya yanke shawarar auren Evgenia Andreevna, 'yan uwan yarinyar (mahaifinsu da mahaifiyarsu sun mutu a lokacin) sun ƙi shi, ba tare da mantawa da ambaton cewa yaran da suka gaza suma' yan uwan juna ne. Ba tare da yin tunani sau biyu ba, matasan suka ƙulla makirci don gudu. Gudun nasarar wata nasara ce sakamakon ragargazar gada a kan lokaci. A lokacin da farauta ta isa coci, an riga an yi bikin aure.
2. Dangane da labarin magabata, Mikhail Glinka an haife shi ne a sa'ar da daddare ke fara waƙa da safe - duka kyakkyawan sa'a ne da kuma nuni da damar da jariri zai yi nan gaba. Ya kasance a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 1804.
3. Karkashin kulawar kakarsa, yaron ya balaga, kuma mahaifinsa ya kira shi da “mimosa”. Daga bisani, Glinka da kansa ya kira kansa wannan kalmar.
4. ofauyen Novospasskoye, wanda Glinki yake zaune, a lokacin Yaƙin rioasa na 1812 ya kasance ɗayan cibiyoyin motsi na bangaranci. An kori Glinka da kansu zuwa Oryol, amma firist din gidansu, Uba Ivan, yana ɗaya daga cikin shugabannin ɓangarorin. Faransawa sun taɓa ƙoƙarin kame ƙauyen, amma an kore su. Little Misha na son sauraron labaran 'yan bangar siyasa.
5. Duk 'yan uwa suna son kida (kawu na ma yana da nasa kade kade), amma mai mulki Varvara Fedorovna ta koya wa Misha yin karatun kida da tsari. Ta kasance mai motsa jiki, amma saurayin mawaƙin ya buƙace shi - ya buƙaci ya fahimci cewa kiɗa aiki ne.
6. Mikhail ya fara samun ilimi na yau da kullun a Makarantar kwana ta Noble - karamar makarantar sanannen Tsarskoye Selo Lyceum. Glinka tayi karatu a aji daya da Lev Pushkin, kanin Alexander, wanda yake karatu a Lyceum a lokaci guda. Koyaya, Mikhail ya zauna a gidan kwana na shekara guda kawai - duk da matsayinsa mai girma, yanayin makarantar ba ta da kyau, a cikin shekara ɗaya yaron ya yi rashin lafiya mai tsanani sau biyu kuma mahaifinsa ya yanke shawarar canja shi zuwa makarantar kwana ta St. Petersburg a Jami'ar Pedagogical.
7. A cikin sabon gidan kwana, Glinka ya tsinci kansa a karkashin reshen Wilhelm Küchelbecker, shine wanda ya harbi Grand Duke Mikhail Pavlovich a dandalin majalisar dattijai kuma yayi kokarin harbin janar-janar biyu. Amma hakan ya kasance a 1825, kuma ya zuwa yanzu an saka Küchelbecker a matsayin mai amintacce.
8. Gabaɗaya, sha'awar waƙa ta taka rawa wajen ganin cewa tayar da hankalin Decean tawayen ya wuce, kamar yadda yake, Glinka. Ya saba da yawancin mahalarta kuma, tabbas, ya ji wasu tattaunawa. Koyaya, batun bai ci gaba ba, kuma Mikhail yayi nasarar tserewa makomar waɗanda aka rataye ko aka kai su Siberia.
'Yan tawayen tawaye
9. Pension Glinka ta gama a mataki na biyu a fagen karatun boko, kuma a bikin yaye daliban ya yi fintinkau tare da rawar kidan piano.
10. Shahararriyar waƙar “Kada ku raira waƙa, kyakkyawa, tare da ni…” ta fito a cikin wata hanyar da baƙon abu. Da zarar Glinka da Alexandra biyu - Pushkin da Griboyedov - sun yi rani a gidan abokansu. Griboyedov ya taɓa buga waƙoƙin piano waƙar da ya ji a lokacin hidimarsa a Tiflis. Pushkin nan da nan ya tsara kalmomin don karin waƙar. Kuma Glinka ya yi tunanin cewa ana iya yin waƙar da kyau, kuma washegari ya sake rubuta sabon waƙa.
11. Lokacin da Glinka ke son zuwa kasashen waje, mahaifinsa bai yarda ba - kuma lafiyar dan nasa tayi rauni, kuma babu isassun kudi ... Mikhail ya gayyaci likitan da ya sani, wanda, bayan ya duba mara lafiyar, ya ce yana da cutuka da dama masu hatsari, amma tafiya zuwa kasashen da yanayi mai dumi zai warkar da shi ba tare da wani magani ba.
12. Yayin da yake zaune a Milan, Glinka ya kasance yana yin wasan kwaikwayo da ya ji a La Scala daren da ya gabata. Taron mazauna yankin sun taru a tagar gidan da mawakin na Rasha ya zauna. Kuma wasan kwaikwayon na serenade wanda Glinka ta shirya akan taken daga opera Anna Boleil, wanda ya gudana a babban faranda na gidan mashahurin lauyan Milan, ya haifar da cinkoson motoci.
13. Hawan Dutsen Vesuvius a Italiya, Glinka ya sami nasarar shiga cikin haƙiƙar iska ta Rasha. Hawan ya yiwu ne washegari.
14. Glinka ta shagali a Paris ta haɗu da cikakken zauren shaƙatawa na Hertz (ɗayan manyan dakunan kallo a babban birnin Faransa) kuma ya sami kyawawan ra'ayoyi daga masu sauraro da 'yan jaridu.
15. Glinka ta sadu da matar sa ta gaba Maria Ivanova lokacin da ya isa St. Petersburg don ganin ɗan'uwan sa da ke fama da rashin lafiya. Mawaƙin ba shi da lokacin ganin ɗan'uwansa, amma ya sami abokin rayuwa. Matar ta kasance mai aminci ga mijinta na onlyan shekaru kawai, sannan ta tafi duka. Ayyukan saki sun dauke yawancin Glinka ƙarfi da jijiyoyi.
16. V. Zhukovsky ne ya ba da taken taken opera "A Life for the Tsar", aikin a kan wannan taken - "Dumas" na K. Ryleev - V. Odoevsky ne ya ba shi shawara, kuma an kirkiro sunan ne da darektan gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Bolshoi A. Gedeonov, lokacin da Nikolai I. ya halarci ɗayan karatun.
Fitowa daga opera "Rayuwa ga Tsar"
17. Tunanin "Ruslan da Lyudmila" an haife su tare: V. Shakhovsky ne ya ba da shawarar, an tattauna batun tare da Pushkin, kuma mai zane-zane Ivan Aivazovsky ya yi waƙar Tatar kamar ta violin.
18. Glinka ce wacce a wajan zamani, jefa mawaqa da mawaqa ga gidan ibada na sarki, wanda ya jagoranta, ta gano kwarewar fitaccen mawaƙin opera kuma mawaki G. Gulak-Artemovsky.
19. M. Glinka ya sanya waƙar waka "Na tuna wani lokaci mai ban mamaki ...". Pushkin ya sadaukar da shi ga Anna Kern, kuma mawallafin ga Ekaterina Kern, 'yar Anna Petrovna, wanda yake soyayya da shi. Glinka da Catherine Kern ya kamata su sami ɗa, amma a wajen aure Catherine ba ta son ta haife shi, kuma sakin ya ci gaba da jan hankali.
20. Babban mawaki ya mutu a Berlin. Glinka ya kamu da sanyi yayin dawowa daga waƙar da ake yin ayyukansa kuma. Sanyin ya zama na kisa. Da farko dai, an birne mawakin a cikin Berlin, amma sai aka binne gawarsa a cikin Alexander Nevsky Lavra.
