Kolomna Kremlin tana cikin yankin Moscow kuma gungun gine-gine ne na karni na 16. Ya ƙunshi ganuwar kariya tare da hasumiyar tsaro da kuma gine-ginen tarihi da yawa waɗanda aka adana su da kyau har zuwa yau.
Tarihin Kolomna Kremlin
Grand Duchy na Moscow ya nemi ƙarfafa iyakokinta na kudu daga Tatar na Crimean, tare da kafa kagarai masu kariya a Tula, Ryazan da Saraysk. Juyawa yayi zuwa Kolomna, wanda Crimean Khan ya kayar da shi kuma ya nemi kariya. Mehmed I Giray ne ya kona babban ɓangaren garu. Ginin katako, wanda aka gina dutsen Kremlin, ya bar kusan babu wani bayani game da kanta.
Ginin ya fara a 1525 kuma ya ɗauki shekaru shida ta hanyar umarnin Vasily III. Asali akwai hasumiyai 16 da aka haɗa a cikin mai ci gaba, har zuwa tsayin mita 21, kewaye da bango. Yankin Kolomna Kremlin ya mamaye kadada 24, wanda ya ɗan ƙasa da na Kremlin na Moscow (kadada 27.5). Sansanin soja yana kan babban bankin kogin Moskva kusa da bakin Kolomenka River. Kyakkyawan tsaro da kyakkyawan wuri ya sanya Kremlin ba shi da iko. Wannan ya bayyana a ƙarshen shekara ta 1606 a lokacin rikicin baƙauye na Ivan Bolotnikov, wanda ba tare da nasara ba ya yi ƙoƙari ya afka wa kagara.
A cikin karni na 17, lokacin da iyakokin kudu na tsarist Russia suka ci gaba da kara zuwa kudu, tsaron Kolomna Kremlin ya rasa mahimmancinsa na asali. A Kolomna, kasuwanci da kere-kere sun haɓaka, yayin da kusan ba a tallafawa ganuwar birni kuma an rusa shi sananne. An gina gine-ginen farar hula da yawa a cikin bangon Kremlin, da kuma kewayen kagara, yayin da ake aikin ginin wani bangare na katangar ta Kremlin wani lokaci ana cire shi don samun tubalin gini. Kawai a cikin 1826 aka hana shi wargaza kayan al'adun ƙasa zuwa ɓangare ta dokar Nicholas I. Abin baƙin ciki, to, mafi yawan hadadden an riga an lalata su.
Kremlin gine a Kolomna
An yi imanin cewa Aleviz Fryazin ya yi aiki a matsayin babban masanin gine-ginen Kremlin a Kolomna, dangane da misalin Moscow. Tsarin gine-ginen maigidan daga Italiya da gaske yana da siffofin gine-ginen Italiyanci na Tsakiyar Zamani, siffofin tsarin kariya suna maimaita garuruwan Milan ko Turin.
Bangon Kremlin, wanda ya kai kusan kilomita biyu a cikin asalin sa, ya kai tsayinsa ya kai mita 21 kuma ya kai tsayin mita 4.5. Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa bangon an kirkireshi ba kawai don kariya daga hari ba, amma kuma don manufar kare igwa. Tsayin tsaffin gidajen tsaro ya fito daga mita 30 zuwa 35. Daga cikin hasumiyoyi goma sha shida, bakwai ne kawai suka rayu har zuwa yau. Kamar Moscow, kowace hasumiya tana da suna na tarihi. Akwai hasumiyoyi biyu tare da ɓangaren yammacin da aka kiyaye:
- Faceted;
- Marina.
Sauran hasumiyar guda biyar suna nan tare da tsohon ɓangaren kudu na bangon Kremlin:
Pofar Pyatnitsky ita ce babbar hanyar shiga hadadden tarihi. An sanya wa hasumiyar suna don girmama cocin Paraskeva Pyatnitsa, wanda ya tsaya kusa da shi, ya lalace a ƙarni na 18.
Katolika da majami'u na Kolomna Kremlin
Theungiyar gine-ginen gidan sufi na Novogolutvinsky na karni na 17 ya haɗa da gine-ginen gidan tsohon bishop da kuma ƙofar kararrawar neoclassical na 1825. Yanzu gidan ibada ne da ke da zinare sama da 80.
Babban Cathedral na Assumption a cikin 1379 yana ɗan tuna da babban cocin da sunan yake a Moscow. Gininsa yana da alaƙa da umarnin Yarima Dmitry Donskoy - bayan nasarar da aka samu a Golden Horde, ya ba da umarnin gina shi.
Hasumiyar kararrawa na Asshed Cathedral tana tsaye daban, tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rukunin gine-ginen Kremlin. Da farko, an gina hasumiyar kararrawa ne da dutse, amma a cikin karni na 17th ya lalace sosai kuma an sake gina shi, wannan lokacin daga bulo. A cikin 1929, bayan yaƙin neman zaɓe na Bolshevik, hasumiyar ƙararrawa ta Cathedral ta lalace, an fitar da komai na ƙima kuma an jefa ƙararrawa ƙasa. Cikakken maidowa ya gudana a cikin 1990.
An gina Cocin na Tikhvin Icon na Uwar Allah a cikin 1776. A cikin 1920s, an lalata duk kayan ado na ciki, kuma cocin kanta an rufe. An sake yin aikin maidowa a cikin 1990, lokacin da aka sake zana dome kuma aka maido da surori biyar.
Muna ba da shawarar kallon Rostov Kremlin.
Tsohon coci a cikin Kremlin shine Cocin St. Nicholas Gostiny, wanda aka gina a 1501, wanda ya kiyaye Bishara ta 1509.
Dandalin Cathedral
Kamar Kremlin ta Moscow, Kolomna tana da nata dandalin na Cathedral, wanda mafi rinjayen gine-ginensa shine Asshed Cathedral. Maganar farko da aka faɗi game da murabba'in ya samo asali ne tun ƙarni na XIV, amma ya samo fasalinsa na zamani ne kawai ƙarni 4 bayan haka, lokacin da aka sake gina birni bisa ga "tsari na yau da kullun". A arewacin dandalin akwai abin tunawa ga Cyril da Methodius, wanda aka girka a 2007 - siffofi biyu na tagulla a bangon giciye.
Gidajen tarihi
Fiye da wuraren adana kayan tarihi 15 da dakunan baje koli suna aiki a yankin Kolomna Kremlin. Anan akwai mafi ban sha'awa da bayanin su:
Al'amuran kungiya
Yadda ake zuwa Kolomna Kremlin? Zaka iya amfani da jigilar kai ko ta jama'a, zuwa st. Lazhechnikova, 5. Garin yana da nisan kilomita 120 daga Moscow, saboda haka zaka iya zaɓar wannan hanyar: ɗauki metro zuwa tashar Kotelniki kuma ɗauki bas # 460. Zai kai ku Kolomna, inda zaku iya tambayar direban ya tsaya a "Filin juyi na biyu". Duk tafiyar zata dauki kimanin awanni biyu daga babban birnin.
Hakanan zaka iya ɗaukar jirgin ƙasa. Jeka Kazansky Railway Station, daga inda jiragen ƙasa "Moscow-Golutvin" ke gudana akai-akai. Ka sauka a tashar karshe ka canza zuwa motar jigilar # 20 ko # 88, wanda zai dauke ka zuwa abubuwan gani. Ya kamata a lura cewa zaɓi na biyu zai ɗauki ƙarin lokaci (awa 2.5-3).
Yankin Kremlin a bude yake ga kowa ba dare ba rana. Lokacin buɗewar nune-nunen gidan kayan gargajiya: 10: 00-10: 30, da 16: 30-18: 00 daga Laraba zuwa Lahadi. Wasu gidajen adana kayan tarihi ana samun su ne ta hanyar ganawa.
Kwanan nan, zaku iya samun masaniya da Kolomna Kremlin akan babura. Hayan kuɗi zai biya 200 rubles a awa ɗaya don manya, kuma 150 rubles na yara. Don ajiyar abin hawa, dole ne ku bar jimlar kuɗi ko fasfo.
Don yin yawon shakatawa na babban jan hankalin Kolomna ya zama mai fa'ida sosai, zai fi kyau a yi hayar jagora. Farashin balaguron mutum shine 1500 rubles, tare da rukuni na mutane 11 zaka iya adana kuɗi - za ku biya 2500 rubles kawai don duka. Yawon shakatawa na Kolomna Kremlin yana ɗaukar awa ɗaya da rabi, ana ba da izinin hotunan.
