Furucin "Babu aboki don dandano da launi" misali ne na yadda mutane ke tsara rubutu a taƙaice kuma daidai, don ƙirƙirar abin da masana kimiyya ke buƙatar ɗimbin kalmomi ko ma ɗaruruwan kalmomi. Lallai, tsinkayen launi abu ne na mutum kuma ya dogara da dalilai da yawa, har zuwa yanayin mutum. Ba wai kawai mutane daban-daban za su iya fahimtar launi ɗaya ta hanyoyi daban-daban ba. Koda tsinkayen launi na mutum ɗaya na iya canzawa. Iyakar zango na haske yana da ma'ana kuma ana iya auna shi. Haske na haske ba za a iya auna shi ba.
Akwai launuka da launuka da yawa a cikin yanayin halitta, kuma tare da ci gaban fasaha, musamman, kayan lantarki, sunadarai da kimiyyar gani, lambar su ta zama kusan ba ta da iyaka. Koyaya, masu zanen kaya da masu kasuwa kawai ke buƙatar wannan nau'in. Yawancin yawancin jama'a suna da isasshen ilimin furanni daga ƙididdigar yara game da mafarauci da mai faranta rai, da sunayen dozin ƙarin inuwa. Kuma har ma a cikin wannan ƙananan kewayon, zaku iya samun abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa.
1. Bincike ya nuna cewa a kusan dukkanin harsunan da ke akwai a farkon matakan ci gaba, akwai kalmomi biyu kawai don launuka. Dangane da magana, waɗannan kalmomin "baƙi" da "fari". Daga nan sai zane zane ya bayyana, mai dauke da kalmomi guda biyu wadanda ke isar da tabarau. Kalmomin da ke nuna launuka sun bayyana da ɗan jinkiri, tuni sun kasance a matakin kasancewar samuwar rubutu. Wasu lokuta yakan girgiza masu fassarar tsofaffin matani - wani lokacin kalma na iya nufin launuka biyu ko sama da haka, kuma mahallin baya bamu damar fahimtar wane launi ake tattaunawa.
2. Sanannen sananne ne cewa a cikin yarukan mutanen arewa akwai sunaye daban-daban na inuwar fari ko suna don launin dusar ƙanƙara. Wani lokaci akan sami irin wadannan kalmomin da yawa. Kuma shahararren masanin tarihin Rasha Vladimir Bogoraz, can baya a cikin karni na 19, ya bayyana yadda ake sarrafa fatawar barewa ta launi da ya gani. A bayyane yake cewa kalmomin masanin basu ƙunshi kalmomin da ke bayanin canza launi daga haske zuwa duhu ba (ba zai iya lura da bambancin ba koyaushe). Kuma mai sihiri sauƙaƙe sama da kalmomi 20 don launukan fata.
Inuwar barewa
3. A cikin harshen asalin Australiya, kuma yanzu akwai kalmomi kawai don baƙi da fari. Sauran launuka suna nunawa, suna ƙara sunayen ma'adinai waɗanda 'yan asalin ƙasar suka sani, amma babu duniya, tsayayyun ma'adinai - kowa na iya amfani da sunan kowane dutse da ya dace da launi.
Da alama 'yan ƙasar ba da gaske suke wahala da ƙarancin kalmomin launi ba.
4. Har zuwa kwanan nan kwanan nan, harshen Rashanci ba zai iya yin alfahari da yalwar adjective masu nuna launuka ba. Har zuwa tsakiyar karni na 17, yawansu bai wuce 20. Sannan haɗin gwiwa tare da ƙasashen Turai ya fara haɓaka. Foreignersasashen waje na farko sun bayyana a cikin Rasha, akwai ƙari da yawa daga cikinsu. Sha'awar manyan mutane game da harshen Faransanci shima ya taka rawa. Adadin sifofin da ke nuna launi sun wuce 100. Koyaya, inda aka buƙata don bayyana launi daidai kuma a bayyane ga kowa, alal misali, a cikin tsire-tsire, an yi amfani da iyakantattun kalmomin asali. Yawanci suna da 12-13 daga cikinsu.Yanzu an yi imanin cewa mutum na yau da kullun ya san adreshin "launi" 40, kuma akwai ƙasa da 100 daga cikinsu.
5. Launi mai laushi mai daraja an ɗauke shi mai daraja har ma da na sarauta ba saboda kyanta na musamman ba - rinin yana da tsada sosai. Don samun gram na fenti, ya zama dole a kama da aiwatar har zuwa mollusks na musamman 10,000. Sabili da haka, duk wani suturar da aka rina da shunayya ta atomatik yana nuna wadata da matsayin mai shi. Alexander the Great, wanda ya kayar da Farisa, ya karɓi tan da yawa na launuka masu launin shuɗi a matsayin ganima.
Purple nan da nan ya nuna wanene wanene
6. Dangane da binciken sunayen shahararrun kayayyaki da labarai, mazaunan Rasha sun fi son sayen kayayyaki tare da kalmar “zinariya” a cikin sunan. Na gaba cikin shahararrun sune alamun jan, fari da baki. A cikin jerin launukan da ba a so, saboda wasu dalilai, Emerald ya kasance tare da launin toka da gubar.
7. Kusan dukkan mutane suna danganta launin baki da wani abu mara kyau. Tsoffin Masarawa kamar su kadai ne banda. Gabaɗaya sun ɗauki mutuwa ta ilimin falsafa, suna gaskanta da rai madawwami. Sabili da haka, baƙi abu ne mai mahimmanci na kayan shafawa a gare su, ga maza da mata.
8. Aristotle ne ya kirkiro ka'idar daidaitaccen ka'ida. Wannan tsohon mai tunanin Girkawa ya zana launuka ba wai kawai ta hanyar bakan ba, amma kuma ta yanayin motsa jiki. Launi ja da rawaya alama ce ta motsi daga duhu (baƙi) zuwa haske (fari). Kore yana nuna daidaituwar haske da duhu, yayin da shuɗi yake da duhu.
Aristotle
9. A cikin tsohuwar Rome, launuka sun kasu kashi biyu na maza da mata. Namiji, duk abin da Romawa suka fahimta da wannan, alama ce ta ja, fari da shuɗi. Matan sun sami fenti waɗanda, a ra'ayinsu, ba su ja hankali ba: launin ruwan kasa, lemu, kore da rawaya. A lokaci guda, an ba da izinin cakuda launuka sosai: togin ruwan kasa na maza ko fararen riguna na riguna.
10. Masanan zamanin da suna da nasu ka'idar haske. Akwai manyan launuka uku, bisa ga wannan ka'idar: baki, fari da ja. Duk sauran launuka suna tsaka-tsakin canzawar baƙi zuwa fari da fari zuwa ja. Baƙar fata alama ce ta mutuwa, fari - sabuwar rayuwa, ja - balagar sabuwar rayuwa da kuma shirinta na canza Duniya.
11. Asali kalmar "Blue Stocking" tana nufin maza, mafi dacewa, ga wani mutum mai suna Benjamin Stillingfleet. Wannan mutumin mai yawan baiwa ya kasance na yau da kullun a cikin ɗayan mashahuran Salon London na ƙarni na 18 kuma yana son yin magana game da kimiyya, adabi ko fasaha a cikin sautunan maɗaukaki. Stillingfleet ta sanya kayan safa shuɗi ne kawai saboda dalili kawai. Bayan lokaci, masu magana da shi suka fara kiran "Da'irar Shuɗin Safiya." Kuma kawai a cikin ƙarni na 19, "shuɗin safa" an fara kiransa mata waɗanda suka fi kulawa da ci gaban ilimi fiye da bayyanar.
Gwarzuwar Alice Freundlich a cikin "Office Romance" ita ce ta al'ada "Blue Stocking"
12. Tsinkayan launuka ta idanun mutum, kamar yadda aka ambata, yana da ma'ana. John Dalton, wanda aka sanya masa sunan makantar launi, bai sani ba har zuwa shekara 26 da bai ga ja ba. A gare shi, ja ya kasance shuɗi. Sai kawai lokacin da Dalton ya fara sha'awar tsirrai kuma ya lura cewa wasu furanni suna da launuka daban-daban a cikin hasken rana da haske na wucin gadi, sai ya fahimci cewa wani abu ba daidai ba ne a idanunsa. Daga cikin yara biyar a cikin dangin Dalton, uku sun sha wahala daga makantar launi. Bayan bincike mai kyau, sai ya zama cewa tare da makantar launi, ido baya ɗaukar raƙuman haske na wani tsayi.
John Dalton
13. Farar fata wani lokacin na iya zama mai barazanar rai. A Tanzania (wata jiha ce a Gabashin Afirka), ana samun adadin zabiya da ba daidai ba - ana samun kusan sau 15 fiye da matsakaita a Duniya. A cewar imanin gida, sassan jikin zabiya na iya warkar da cututtuka, don haka akwai farautar gaske ga fararen fata. Yanayin zabiya ya zama mai ban tsoro musamman bayan fara cutar ta kanjamau - jita-jitar cewa wani zabiya zai iya kawar da wata mummunar cuta ya buɗe ainihin farauta ga baƙar fata masu launin fata.
14. “Jarumar budurwa” yarinya ce, mara aure, yarinya mai kunya, kuma jan fitila shine sunan gidan haƙuri. Kullin shudawa ma'aikaciya ce, kuma shuɗin ajiyar ta mace ce mai ilimi, ba ta da mata. "Black Book" shine maita, kuma "Black Book" lissafi ne. Farar kurciya alama ce ta zaman lafiya, kuma farin tuta alama ce ta miƙa wuya. A Rasha, har zuwa 1917, an ba da umarnin a zana gine-ginen jihar da launin rawaya, kuma a ba da “tikitin rawaya” ga karuwai.
15. “Black Monday” haɗarin kasuwar hannun jari ne a cikin Amurka (1987) kuma tsoho ne a Rasha (1998). "Bakar Talata" ita ce ranar farkon Babban Takaici (1929). "Ranar Laraba" - ranar da George Soros ya ruguza fam, yana samun dala biliyan 1.5 a kowace rana (1987). "Baƙar Alhamis" ita ce ranar da mayaƙan Soviet a sararin samaniya a kan Koriya suka harbo 12 daga cikin 21 B-29 jirgin sama da aka ɗauka cewa ba za a iya cin nasara ba. Sauran 9 "Flying Fortresses" sun lalace (1951). "Black Friday" ita ce ranar fara tallace-tallace a jajibirin Kirsimeti. "Baƙin Asabar" - mafi mahimmancin lokaci na rikicin makami mai linzami na Cuba, duniya ta kasance mintuna daga yaƙin nukiliya (1962). Amma "Black Sunday" wani labari ne kawai na Thomas Harris kuma fim ne da aka gina shi.
