Kwayoyin cuta (lat. A cewar masu matsayi, sune mafi sauki kuma sun mamaye duk duniyar da ke kusa da mutum. Daga cikinsu akwai kananan kwayoyin cuta masu kyau da kyau.
1. An samo alamun tsohuwar ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙasa, shekaru biliyan biliyan 3.5. Amma babu wani masanin kimiyya guda daya da zai ce tabbas lokacin da kwayoyin cuta suka tashi a duniya.
2. ofaya daga cikin tsoffin ƙwayoyin cuta, thermoacidophila archaebacterium, yana rayuwa a cikin maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi tare da ɗimbin ƙwayoyin acid, amma a yanayin zafi ƙasa da 55 ° C irin waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin ba sa rayuwa.
3. Baturen Dutch ne Anthony van Leeuwenhoek ya fara ganin kwayoyin cutar a shekarar 1676, wanda ya kirkiro wata hanyar saduwa da juna. Kuma kalmar "kwayoyin" kanta ta gabatar da Christian Ehrenberg kawai bayan kusan shekaru 150 bayan haka, a cikin 1828.
4. Mafi yawan kwayar cuta ana daukarta Thiomargarita namibiensis, ko kuma "pelar mai launin toka Namibiya", wanda aka gano a shekarar 1999. Girman wakilan wannan nau'in yana da diamita 0.75 mm, wanda ya sa ya yiwu a gan shi ko da ba tare da microscope ba.
5. Takamammen warin bayan ruwan sama ya tashi ne saboda actinobacteria da cyanobacteria, waɗanda ke rayuwa a saman ƙasa kuma suna samar da abu geosmin.
6. Nauyin masarautar da ke rayuwa a jikin mutum kusan kilo 2 ne.
7. A cikin bakin mutum akwai kusan kwayoyin halittu dubu 40. Tare da sumbacewa, ana kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta kusan miliyan 80, amma kusan dukkansu suna cikin aminci.
8. Pharyngitis, ciwon huhu, zazzabin zazzaɓi yana faruwa ne ta ƙwayoyin cuta masu raɗaɗi streptococci, waɗanda galibi ke shafar sassan jikin mutum, hanci da baki.
9. Kwayar Staphylococcus na iya rarrabawa a cikin jirage da yawa. Saboda wannan, sifar su ta bambanta da sauran nau'ikan, tana kama da tarin inabi.
10. Cutar sankarau da kuma cutar sankarau sanadiyyar cututtukan cututtukan cututtukan difulococci, wadanda galibi akan gano su biyu-biyu.
11. Kwayoyin cuta na Vibrio na iya hayayyafa koda a muhallin da babu iska. Wadannan sune cututtukan da ke haifar da daya daga cikin munanan cututtuka - kwalara.
12. Bifidobacteria sananne ga mutane da yawa daga talla ba kawai yana inganta narkewa mai kyau ba, amma kuma yana samar da jikin mutum da bitamin na ƙungiyoyin B da K.
13. Masanin Microan bioan Halitta Louis Pasteur sau ɗaya ya shiga cikin duel, kuma da makaminsa ya zaɓi flasks 2, ɗayan da ke ɗauke da ƙwayoyin cuta da ke haifar da ƙaramin cuta. Abokan hamayyar dole su sha ruwa, amma abokin hamayyar sanannen mai ilimin hada magunguna ya ki irin wannan gwajin.
14. Dangane da kwayoyin cuta kamar su 'streptomycetes', wadanda ke rayuwa a cikin kasa, ana samar da magungunan antifungal, antibacterial da antiancer.
15. A tsarin kwayar halittar kwayar cuta babu wata cibiya, kuma lambar kwayar halitta tana dauke da nucleotide. Matsakaicin nauyin wadannan kananan kwayoyin shine micron 0.5-5.
16. Hanya mafi yuwuwa ta gurɓata da kwayoyin cuta shine ta ruwa.
17. A dabi'a, akwai nau'in da ake kira Conan Bacteria. Waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta suna da tsayayya ga tasirin radiation.
18. A shekara ta 2007, an sami ƙwayoyin cuta masu amfani a cikin kankara na Antarctica, waɗanda suka kasance ba tare da hasken rana da iskar oxygen ba shekaru da yawa.
19. A cikin 1 ml na ruwa har zuwa miliyan 1 na ƙwayoyin cuta mafi sauƙi, kuma a cikin g 1 na ƙasa - kimanin miliyan 40.
20. Kwayar halittar dukkan kwayoyin cuta a Duniya ta fi adadin dabbobi da tsirrai tsirrai.
21. Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta a masana'antar cikin dawo da tagulla, zinariya, palladium.
22. Wasu nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta, musamman wadanda ke rayuwa a cikin alamomi tare da kifin mai zurfin teku, suna da damar fitar da haske.
23. Don nazarin kwayoyin cuta wadanda suke haifar da tarin fuka, da nasarori a wannan fannin, Robert Koch a farkon karni na 20. an bashi kyautar Nobel.
24. Kwayoyin cuta da yawa suna motsawa ta hanyar flagella, wanda yawansu na iya kaiwa miliyan ta kowace microorganism.
25. Wasu kwayoyin cuta suna canza karfinsu bayan sun nitse cikin ruwa suna shawagi.
26. Godiya ce ga irin waɗannan oran ƙananan abubuwa waɗanda oxygen ya bayyana a duniya, kuma saboda su har yanzu ana kiyaye matakin da ya dace da rayuwar dabbobi da mutane.
27. Mafi munin sanannun annobar cutar a tarihin ɗan adam - anthrax, annoba, kuturta, syphilis, ana haifar da ita ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana iya amfani da wasu microananan asananan ƙwayoyi azaman makamai masu guba, amma a halin yanzu taron ƙasa da ƙasa ya hana wannan.
28. Wasu nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta suna har yanzu suna jure duk nau'ikan sanannun kwayoyin cuta.
29. Nau'in nau'ikan kwayoyin - saprophytes, suna taimakawa cikin saurin bazuwar matattun dabbobi da mutane. Suna kuma sanya ƙasa ta zama mai ni'ima.
30. A yayin gudanar da bincike da masana kimiyya daga Koriya ta Kudu suka gudanar, an gano cewa mafi yawan kwayoyin cuta ana samun su ne a hannun karusukan sayayya a cikin manyan kantunan. Matsayi na biyu ana ɗauke da linzamin kwamfuta, sannan alƙalami a bayan gidan jama'a.
