Yaƙin Poltava, Volvo, Buffet, AVVA, Carlson, Socialan gurguzu na gurguzu, Pippi Longstocking, Roxette, IKEA, Zlatan Ibrahimovich ... Kowa ya ji sunan Sweden, amma ra'ayin ƙasar da ta mazauna yawanci suna da hazo. Wani zai iya tuna yawan haraji, wani game da gaskiyar cewa sun kashe Firayim Minista dama a sinima ko a shago. Hockey kuma, da bandy, wanda yanzu ya zama bandy daga wasan hockey na Rasha. Bari muyi ƙoƙari mu san masarautar Scandinavia, babban birninta shine Stockholm, da mazaunan ta kusa.
1. Dangane da yanki, Sweden ce ta 55 a duniya. Kilomita 450,0002 - wannan ya yi kadan kasa da yankin Papua New Guinea kuma ya fi girma girma fiye da yankin Uzbekistan. Idan aka kwatanta da yankuna na Rasha, Sweden za ta ɗauki matsayi na 10 a cikin Rasha, bayan da ta ƙaura Yankin Trans-Baikal daga gare ta, kuma ta ɗan ragu a bayan Magadan Yankin. Baya ga Rasha, a Turai Turai Sweden ce ta biyu bayan Ukraine, Faransa da Spain a girma.
2. Yawan mutanen Sweden ba su wuce miliyan 10 ba. Wannan yayi daidai da yawan jama'ar Czech Republic, Portugal ko Azerbaijan. A cikin Rasha, Sweden za ta kasance a cikin shekaru goma na shida na ƙididdigar yankuna dangane da yawan jama'a, suna fafatawa da yankunan Ivanovo da Kaliningrad. Tare da babban yanki da aka mamaye, yawancin Sweden yana da ƙasa - mutane 20 a kowace murabba'in kilomita. Chile da Uruguay kusan iri ɗaya ne. Ko da a cikin Estonia da ba su da yawa, yawan yawan mutane ya ninka na Sweden sau ɗaya da rabi.
3. 'Yan Sweden ba sa son jama'a. Suna guje wa haɗuwa da irin su a kowane nau'i, ya kasance taron ma'aikatan kamfanin ko maƙwabta a wurin zama. Ko da ya zama dole su shiga tattaunawar, za su ci gaba da kasancewa daga mai tattaunawar. Nisan mita daya ko makamancin haka, wanda duk Turawa suka karba, yayi kusanci sosai da Sweden. Ana iya ganin wannan a sarari a cikin jigilar jama'a - mutane 20 ne kawai ke cikin motar, amma babu ɗayansu da zai zauna a ɗaya daga cikin kujerun tagwayen biyu idan na biyun ya riga ya zauna. Bayan tafiya a cikin jigilar jama'a yayin sa'a, kusan duk esan Sweden suna jin kamar Karl XII kusa da Poltava. Sashin sabis kuma ya dace da wannan tunanin. Ya kasance ne a Sweden a karon farko cewa jerin gwano ta hanyar lantarki a cibiyoyin gwamnati, auna kayan kai tsaye a manyan shaguna da sayayya iri-iri ta kan layi ta yadu sosai.
4. A Sweden, akwai haƙiƙa na wasanni. Suna cikin tsunduma daga kanana zuwa babba. 'Yan Sweden miliyan 2 a hukumance suna cikin kungiyoyin wasanni, ma’ana, su biya musu kudin membobinsu. Tabbas, membobin kungiyoyin wasanni suna samun sabis don musayar gudummawa, amma ƙasar cike take da damar ilimin motsa jiki kyauta. Tabbas, wasannin hunturu sanannu ne, sa'a, dama a gare su a cikin ƙasar kusan an keɓe su, amma Sweden ma suna buga ƙwallon ƙafa da ƙwallon kwando, shiga don gudu, iyo da yawo. Kuma a cikin manyan wasanni, Sweden ta zama ta hudu a duniya dangane da yawan lambobin Olympics a kowane mutum, a bayan Switzerland, Croatia da makwabta daga Norway.
Stockholm ta fara tsere
5. A shekarar 2018, Sweden ta ci gaba da kasancewa ta 22 a duniya wajen yawan kudin cikin gida (GDP). Dangane da wannan alamomin, tattalin arzikin ƙasar ya yi daidai da na Poland, kuma GDP ɗin Rasha ya ɗan ninka na Sweden sau uku. Idan muka kirga GDP na kowane mutum, to Sweden zata kasance a matsayi na 12 a duniya, ta baya bayan Ostiraliya kuma ta sha gaban Holland. A cewar wannan mai nuna alama, Sweden na daukar fansa mai ban sha'awa daga Rasha - GDP din Sweden na kowane mutum ya ninka na Rasha kusan sau biyar.
6. Tallafin kuɗi na esasar Sweden yana kan iyaka da haɗama kuma galibi yakan tsallaka wannan layin. Motoci masu tsatsa da kekuna, tufafi marasa kyau har zuwa matsattsun mata, kayan abinci da nauyi, auna cokula don kayan ƙanshi daban daban, haɗa matattarar ruwa, “bargo mai ɗumi ya fi wutar lantarki rahusa” ... Cherry a kan kek - kowane maɓallin kewaya yana da maɓallin kwandon shara. A Sweden, ana cire shara da nauyi, saboda haka ana kulle duk wasu kwandunan shara masu zaman kansu don hana makwabta jefa shi.
7. Idan a Burtaniya abin da aka fi so tattaunawa da shi shi ne yanayi, to Swedenwa suna son yin magana game da jigilar jama'a, kuma ba ta hanya mai kyau ba. Wannan ya shafi duka biranen birni da na jigila. A cikin Stockholm, duk da cewa duk tashoshin suna sanye da allunan lantarki kuma motocin bas suna da na'urori masu auna sigina na GPS, bas sau da yawa sukan makara. Direban na iya wuce wajan tsayawa, kodayake akwai fasinja a ciki. Yawancin gunaguni game da rufe ƙofofi ba zato ba tsammani. Farashin tikiti da fasfo suna da ban sha'awa koda tare da ilimin samun kudin shiga na Sweden. Idan kayi tsalle a cikin bas din ba tare da izinin tafiya ba ko katin lamba mara lamba na musamman, kuna buƙatar biya mai gudanar da kroons 60 (1 kroon - 7.25 rubles). Kudin wata-wata na biyan 830 kroons, izinin wucewa (matasa da tsofaffi) - 550 kron.
8. Stockholm na da metro da kyau ƙwarai. Birnin yana kan dutse mai tushe, saboda haka ramuka an yanke shi ta hanyar dutse. Ba a jeru bango da rufin tashar, amma kawai an yayyafa shi da siminti mai ruwa kuma an zana shi. Abubuwan da ke cikin tashoshin sun zama masu ban mamaki. Kamar yadda yake a mafi yawan biranen Turai, tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Stockholm kawai tana gudanar ne kawai ta cikin ƙasa. An shimfiɗa hanyoyin ƙasa a gefen babban birnin.
9. 'Yan Sweden daga kowane jinsi sun yi ritaya suna da shekara 65, tare da matsakaicin rayuwa na kimanin shekaru 80. Matsakaicin fansho ya kai $ 1,300 (an kirga) ga maza kuma ƙasa da $ 1,000 ga mata. Fanshon mata ya yi daidai da mafi karancin abin masarufi. Hakanan akwai nuances. Ana lissafin fansho a duka bangarorin. Idan tattalin arzikin kasar ya bunkasa, to fansho ya karu, a lokutan rikici su kan ragu. Fensho suna karkashin harajin samun kudin shiga. Bugu da ƙari, babu wanda ya ji kunya da gaskiyar cewa an riga an karɓi haraji daga riba a kan ajiyar fansho da aka saka a cikin tsaro - waɗannan nau'ikan kudaden shiga ne. Kuma duk da haka - a cikin Sweden ba shi da riba don mallakar ƙasa, saboda haka da yawa suna zaune a cikin gidaje na haya har zuwa tsufa. Idan girman fensho bai bada damar biyan gidaje ba, to bisa ka'ida jihar zata biya kudin da ya bata. Koyaya, hatta yan fansho da kansu sun gwammace su koma gidan kula da tsofaffi - ƙarin lissafin ana kirga shi ne daga matakin rayuwa, wanda, kamar yadda yake a duk ƙasashe, yana yiwuwa a zauna kawai bisa ka'ida.
10. Sweden tana da yanayin damuna mai kyau: dusar ƙanƙara da yawa, ba mai sanyi ba (a Stockholm, tuni yakai -10 ° C, haɗarin zirga-zirga ya auku, kuma Sweden ɗin suna tsoratar da junansu da labarai kamar NN, da suka tafi aiki, suka zauna a wani otal na tsawon kwana uku - jigilar ta tsaya kuma ba shi yiwuwa Koma kar aiki ko gida) da rana da yawa. Lokacin bazara na Sweden, tabbas, yana ɗaukar wasu don amfani dashi. Ranan hasken rana koda a kudancin ƙasar suna ɗaukar sama da awanni 20. Cucumbers da plums suna da kyau, wasu 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari ana ɗaukarsu baƙo. Amma akwai da yawa namomin kaza da berries. A wasu tabkuna - a cewar thean ƙasar Sweden - kuna iya iyo. A bayyane yake, saboda irin wannan kyakkyawan lokacin rani, gidajen rani a Spain da Thailand suna da mashahuri tsakanin Sweden. Amma mutanen Sweden ba su san zafin lokacin bazara mai zafi ba. Amma suna tsinkayar kowace rana a matsayin kyautar Allah kuma suna yin rana koda da zafin jiki + 15 ° C.
11. Matsakaicin dan kasar Swidin ya samu $ 2,360 a kowane wata a shekarar 2018 (dangane da abinda ya shafi hakan). Wannan shine mai nuna alama ta 17 a duniya. Abubuwan da 'yan ƙasar Sweden ke samu ya yi daidai da kuɗin da mazaunan Jamus, Holland da Japan ke samu, amma ƙasa da albashin Switzerland ($ 5,430) ko Australiya ($ 3,300).
12. Takaddun bayanin "Iyali rayayyun halittu ne!" Yana da shahara sosai a cikin Sweden. Ba shi yiwuwa a kalubalance shi. Amma ga 'yan Sweden, wannan rayuwar na nufin ma'anar tafiyar mutane da kuma, mafi mahimmanci, yara. Misali: miji ya bar iyali wanda ke da 'ya'ya uku, biyu nasa, kuma na ukun ɗa ne daga Somaliya. Yanayin, da farko kallo, ba sauki, amma kuma ba kasafai yake ba. Plementarin - miji ya je wurin wani saurayin jinin gabas, wanda ke da yara biyu - yarinya daga farkon aurensa da ɗa daga na biyu, wanda mahaifiyarsa ta haifa - auren ya kasance jinsi ɗaya. Matar ta riga ta yi hulɗa da wani ɗan Hispaniki. Ya yi aure, yana da ɗa, kuma bai yanke shawara ko zai zauna tare da matarsa ta farko ba, ko kuma ya je Sweden. Mafi mahimmanci: duk wannan "Santa Barbara" na iya ɗaukar lokaci tare cikin sauƙi - kada ku ɓata alaƙa ɗaya saboda waɗannan ƙananan abubuwa! Bugu da ƙari, koyaushe akwai wanda zai kula da yara. Kuma yaran da kansu suna farin ciki - wani yana da uba biyu, wani yana da uwaye biyu, kuma koyaushe akwai wanda zai yi wasa da shi a cikin irin wannan “kwayar halitta”.
Kwayar halitta
13. Analog ɗin Sabuwar Shekarar mu a Sweden shine ake kira. Midsummer - tsakiyar bazara. A daren mafi qarancin shekara, thean Sweden suna ziyartar juna gaba ɗaya kuma suna cin dankali da herring (suna cin su koyaushe, amma komai yana da daɗi a Midsummer). Irin waɗannan kyaututtukan na filayen kamar radishes da shigo da strawberries suma an ɗanɗana. Tabbas, abubuwan shan giya suna sha har zuwa kamfanin gaba daya suna yin wanka a cikin ruwan dumi (Swedenwa galibi suna da yakinin cewa ruwan sanyi ruwa ne mai ƙarfi, a duk sauran jihohin tarawa a waje da daren daren ruwan yana da dumi).
14. Ko da sanin yarda da tsarin haraji a Sweden yana karfafa girmamawa ga 'yan asalin wannan kasar. 'Yan Sweden suna biyan haraji da yawa, kuma a lokaci guda, sabis na haraji shi ne na uku a cikin martabar shaharar tsarin jihar. Mafi ƙarancin kuɗin haraji na mutane shi ne 30%, kuma babu wani tushe mai haraji - Na samu kroons 10 a shekara, don Allah a ba 3 azaman harajin samun kuɗin shiga. A mafi girman adadin 55%, ba a biyan harajin riba kwata-kwata. Fiye da rabin abin da suke samu ana basu ne daga waɗanda suke samun fiye da $ 55,000 a shekara, ma’ana, kusan sau 1.5 na matsakaicin albashi. Ribar 'yan kasuwa ana biyan su harajin kashi 26.3%, amma' yan kasuwa da kamfanoni suma suna biyan VAT (har zuwa 25%). A lokaci guda, 85% na duk haraji ma'aikata ne ke biyan su, yayin da kasuwancin ke kashe 15% kawai.
15. Labaran Sweden game da kudin abinci sun cancanci tattaunawa daban. Yin hukunci da su, duk esan Sweden: a) kashe kuɗi kaɗan akan abinci, ba tare da la'akari da kuɗaɗen shigar su ba, kuma b) cin abincin kawai. Bugu da ƙari, ma'anar '' tsabtace muhalli '' ta haɗa da irin su makiyaya kamar yadda kaji ke cin abinci kawai a cikin tsutsotsi, da shanu, tauna takamaiman ciyawar ciyawa. Waɗannan post-post din guda biyu suna iya zama tare a cikin shugabannin Sweden daidai gwargwadon yanke haraji mai tsauri da kuma ƙarin tsattsauran ra'ayi na albashi tare a cikin shirye-shiryen jam'iyyun siyasa.
16. A lokacin bazarar 2018, jaridar Sweden ta ba da rahoto: gwamnati za ta soke kudaden biyan TV. A cikin Sweden, duk wani mai gidan TV ya zama tilas ya biya kimanin $ 240 a shekara saboda kawai yana da TV, kuma ko kallonsa ko kar ya kalle shi aikin maigida ne. Adadin kamar ƙarami ne, amma Sweden ɗin suna da ƙarfi, kuma wannan biyan ya tafi wurin kula da tashoshin TV na Sweden da tashoshin rediyo, kuma sun bar abin da ake so. Da yawa sun guji kuɗin lasisi, kawai ta hanyar buɗe ƙofa ga masu duba na musamman - saboda wani ɗan rashi a cikin dokokin, ba za a iya karɓar wannan kuɗin ta tilas ba. Kuma yanzu, zai zama kamar, kubutarwa ta zo. Amma zai iya juyawa zuwa mafi tsada. Bayan shafe kudin wata-wata, duk dan kasar Swidin sama da shekaru 18 da ya samu akalla kudin shiga zai biya wani kaso na kudin shiga na talabijin daya, amma ba fiye da $ 130 ba. A lokaci guda, ba lallai bane ku sayi TV, za a ɗauki harajin ba tare da shi ba.
17. Mutanen Sweden suna da son kofi. Suna son kofi har ma fiye da Amurkawa. Waɗannan aƙalla suna shan ruwan zãfi, sun ratsa ta tace tare da ƙasa a jikin bango, a ranar da aka yi shi. Ga 'yan Sweden, har ma da kofi na jiya, mai shekaru a cikin yanayin zafi, ba ya haifar da ƙin yarda - bayan duk, yana da zafi! Sweden din yana shan lita na wannan abin sha ba tare da la'akari da kasancewarsa a gida ko a wajen aiki ba. A cikin wuraren cin abinci, ana haɗa kofi a cikin saitin napkins, gishiri da barkono - za a kawo muku kyauta, tare da menu. A lokaci guda, a bayyane yake cewa sun san yadda ake hada kofi mai kyau, kuma yin odar “espresso tare da grated cakulan da kirim mai kirji” ba zai haifar da ƙi ba. Koyaya, Suwidin da kansu basa fifita kaunarsu ga kofi. "Na gode da kofi" suna nufin "kafin na sadu, na fi kyau game da ku." Kuma “Ban yi shi a kan kopin kofi ba” - “Kai, mutum, na gwada, na ɓata lokaci na!”.
Wannan dangantaka da kofi ba ta fara jiya ba
18. Babu injin wanki a cikin gine-ginen gidaje a Sweden. Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa ba 'yan Sweden kawai ba, har ma da Russia ɗin da suka ƙaura zuwa can suna ɗaukar kwarin gwiwar "muhalli" ba tare da wani izini ba - suna bukatar, a ce, sun adana wutar lantarki da ruwa mai tsafta. Bayan haka, injunan wanka 5 a cikin ginshiki zasu cinye ƙananan wutar lantarki da ruwa sama da inji 50 a kowane gida. Adadin injinan wankan an kayyade shi bisa ga yawan mazaunan, ba tare da la'akari da cewa dukkansu suna aiki ba kuma lokacin da za a iya kashewa akan wankan ya iyakance. Akwai layuka tare da sakamako masu haɗuwa ta hanyar yaudara, lalacewar dangantaka, da dai sauransu. Advancedan ƙasa masu ci gaba suna siyan shirin kwamfuta na musamman don kuɗi da yawa don yin rajista a cikin jerin gwano. Ananan citizensan ƙasa masu ci gaba ko dai suyi wa wannan shirin katangar da kansu, ko kuma su ɗauki haziƙan gwanintar da ba ta dace ba daga Bangladesh don wannan dalili, sa'a, sun isa su a Sweden. Wannan shine yadda wankan ke canza gidan zama na karni na XXI zuwa "Voronya Slobodka".
19. Wata hujja tayi magana game da halayyar Sweden a game da shaye-shaye: dokar da ta kafe busashshe yanzu ta fara aiki a kasar. Abin mamaki, wannan bai haifar da sigar Yaren mutanen Sweden na Cosa Nostra ba, kuma ba a samar da dimbin yawaitar iska ta gida ba. An hana shan ruwa - za mu huta a ƙasashen waje. An ba mu izini - za mu tafi ƙasashen waje duk da haka, saboda idan kun sha a farashin gida, yunwa za ta mamaye cirrhosis na hanta. Amma idan baku yi sa'ar isa a cikin otal kusa da rukuni na baƙi na yawon buɗe ido na Sweden ba, ku kasance cikin shiri - da rana za ku yi barci, kuma da dare za ku yi yaƙi da ƙarancin Vikings.
20. Taron shekara-shekara na sikelin duniya ga Sweden - Gasar Eurovision Song Contest. Farawa daga zaɓin farko, Yaren mutanen Sweden suna bin duk abubuwan da suka faru a gasar a hankali, sannan suna yiwa wakilin Sweden murnar kamar yadda suke yiwa ƙungiyar ƙwallon ƙafa ta Sweden, kawai tare da danginsu. Giya, kwakwalwan kwamfuta, alewa, ragargaza hannu, ihuwar takaici ko kuma farin ciki, da sauran tarkuna suna nan. Komai na gidan talabijin na tsakiya da na gida suna rufe komai, kuma kusan babu kowa akan tituna yayin watsa labarai. Mahalarta Sweden, a bayyane suke, suna jin wannan sha'awar - sun ci Eurovision sau 6. 'Yan Ailan ne kawai suka fi yawan nasarori, bayan nasarar sau 7.
21. A cikin 2015, mutane sun fara zama chipping a Sweden. Duk da yake wannan aikin na son rai ne. An saka bincike mai kama da yanki na bakin bakin waya a karkashin fatar abokin harka ta amfani da sirinji. Wannan firikwensin yana adana bayanai daga katunan filastik, wucewa, takaddun tafiye-tafiye, da sauransu. Musamman don sauƙin gurnani. Balloon gwajin don ɓarkewa shine shawarar da aka gabatar a cikin 2013 ta manyan bankunan Sweden don barin kuɗi. A cewar masu aikin banki, Sweden din suna yaudara da yawa tare da haraji, suna cikin mawuyacin halin tattalin arziki kuma suna yin fashi a bankuna sau da yawa (a shekarar 2012, kafin a gabatar da kudirin neman sauyi, an yi yunkurin yin fashin bankuna 5). Tsabar kudi shine abin zargi ga komai.
22. kwakwalwan kwamfuta tilas ne ga duk karnukan gidan Sweden. Abubuwan da ke ciki an tsara su ta doka ta musamman, wacce za a iya ɗaukar shekara biyu a kurkuku saboda ɓatar da kare. Sufetoci na musamman suna ziyartar karnuka waɗanda ke da ikon zaɓar dabbar da kuma tura ta zuwa gidan mafaka. Kare yana bukatar tafiya kowane 6 awanni, ciyar dashi akan lokaci, kuma yabaka damar bada damar sadarwa da sauran karnuka. Hakanan ya shafi kuliyoyi da sauran dabbobin gida.Dabbobin dawa tare da kwakwalwan kwamfuta ba su kai ba, don haka dawakai, kerkeci da dabbobin daji ba su da cikakkiyar kariya. Ba wanda ya yi mamakin ganin gulmar daji tana yawo a wurin shakatawar. Sai kawai idan babban misalin zalunci ya bayyana, za a iya harba shi. A lokacin da macizai 40 suka sami gida a ɗaya daga cikin gidajen yayin da ake gyarawa, sai wata cuta ta ƙasar ta tashi a Sweden don kare matalauta dabbobi masu rarrafe. Akwai gungun yan agaji a kusa da gidan ba dare ba rana, da nufin hana kisan macizai. A sakamakon haka, aka kora macizan zuwa dajin mafi kusa da bututu.
23. Mafi yawan gidajen Sweden da ke ciki an kawata su ne a cikin ƙaramin salon. Mafi karancin komai: kayan daki, bango (galibi ana kawata gidaje a matsayin ɗakunan kallo, ba tare da rabuwa ba), furanni (galibi ganuwar fenti kawai ake yi), ko da fitilun kanan ne - esan Sweden suna son kyandir da ƙona su yau da kullun. Babu labule akan tagogin. Me yasa, bazai yuwu ba - hanyar ƙofar tana kaiwa kai tsaye zuwa ɗakin zama. Lokacin da kuka fara shiga gidan Sweden, zaku iya tunanin cewa masu gidan sun dan motsa kuma suna jiran isar da wasu abubuwa.
Ba da daɗewa ba za a kawo ɗakuna da labule ...
24. Swedishaliban Sweden ba su da karatu koda kwana biyar a mako. Yawancin lokaci ana barin rana ɗaya don samun kuɗi don fa'idantar da aji. Yaran suna wanke motoci, ciyawar layya, tsabtacewa, shayar da yara, da sauransu. Yawancin lokaci, ana ware irin wannan ranar ne a ranar Juma'a, kuma a ranar Litinin kuna buƙatar kawo wani adadi (yawanci kron 100, kusan dala 10) zuwa ofishin aji. Ananan Swedan Sweden sun yi balaguro ko'ina cikin Turai tare da wannan kuɗin yayin hutunsu. Bugu da ƙari, ba lallai ba ne a yi aiki - za ku iya karɓar wannan ɗari daga iyayenku kuma ku sami hutu na karin rana. Baya ga "Labour Juma'a", galibi suna shirya ranar wasanni, kuma iyaye ba za su taimaka a nan ba - kowa ya tafi gidan motsa jiki, zuwa filin wasa, zuwa wurin wanka ko wurin wasan kankara. Ya ma fi sauƙi ga ɗalibai da Intanet - za su iya bayyana a jami'a sau ɗaya a wata.
25. A cikin Sweden, motar asibiti tana aiki babba kuma sauran magungunan jihar abin ƙyama ne. Masu farfadowa suna zuwa kira cikin mintina kaɗan a cikin ingantaccen inji kuma nan da nan suka fara aiki. Likitan da ke wurin liyafar na iya dubawa-saurara ga mai haƙuri kuma ya ce a cikin shuɗin ido: “Ban san me ke damunka ba. Ka dawo nan da 'yan kwanaki. " Amma suna rubuta hutun rashin lafiya ba tare da bata lokaci ba, wannan yana matukar yabawa da ma'aikatan gwamnati.
