A cikin 1586, ta hanyar dokar Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich, garin Tyumen, birni na farko na Rasha a Siberia, an kafa shi a kan Kogin Tura, kimanin kilomita 300 gabas da tsaunukan Ural. Da farko, yawancin masu hidimtawa ne, wadanda ke yakar mamayar makiyaya koyaushe. Daga nan iyakar Rasha ta yi nisa zuwa gabas, kuma Tyumen ta zama garin lardin.
An hura sabuwar rayuwa ta hanyar canja hanyar hanyar mota daga Tobolsk, wanda ke arewa. Zuwan Trans-Siberian Railway ya ba da sabon ƙarfi ga ci gaban garin. A ƙarshe, ci gaban rijiyoyin mai da iskar gas a rabi na biyu na ƙarni na 20 ya sanya Tyumen birni mai wadata, wanda yawansa ke ƙaruwa har ma a lokacin da yake cikin rikice-rikice na alƙaluma da tattalin arziki.
A cikin karni na 21, bayyanar Tyumen ta canza. Dukkanin muhimman abubuwan tarihi, wuraren al'adu, otal a cikin Tyumen, tashar jirgin ƙasa da filin jirgin sama an sake ginin su. Birnin yana da babban gidan wasan kwaikwayo, wasan kyan gani da kuma filin shakatawa mafi girma a Rasha. Dangane da ingancin rayuwa, Tyumen koyaushe yana cikin shugabannin.
1. Tsarin birni na Tyumen, wanda ya haɗa da ƙauyuka 19 na birane kusa da Tyumen, ya mamaye yanki na murabba'in mita 698.5. km Wannan ya sa Tyumen ya zama birni na shida mafi girma a Rasha. Moscow, St. Petersburg, Volgograd, Perm da Ufa ne kawai ke kan gaba. A lokaci guda, ci gaban birane da ababen more rayuwa sun mallaki kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na duka yankin - Tyumen yana da sararin faɗaɗawa.
2. A farkon 2019, mutane dubu 788.5 sun rayu a Tyumen - kaɗan (kusan dubu 50) fiye da na Togliatti, kuma kusan bai kai na Saratov ba. Tyumen ya kasance na 18 a cikin Rasha dangane da yawan jama'a. A lokaci guda, a ƙarshen karni na 19, garin ya mamaye matsayi na 49 a Daular Rasha, kuma tun daga shekarun 1960, yawan mutanen Tyumen ya kusan ninki hudu. Jama'ar Rasha sun mamaye birin - kusan 9 cikin 10 mazaunan Tyumen 'yan Russia ne.
3. Duk da cewa Tyumen ta riga ta kasance Siberia, nisan daga garin zuwa wasu manyan biranen Rasha ba shi da girma kamar yadda ake iya gani. Zuwa Moscow daga Tyumen kilomita 2,200, zuwa St. Petersburg - 2900, a dai-dai ta nesa da Tyumen shine Krasnodar. Irkutsk, mai nisa sosai ga mazaunan yankin Turai na Rasha, yana daga Tyumen a daidai tazarar ta Sochi - kilomita 3,100.
4. Mazaunan Tyumen galibi suna kiran yankinsu mafi girma a Rasha. Akwai ɓarna a cikin wannan. Na farko, haɗuwa da "yanki mafi girma" ana iya fahimtarsa a matsayin "yanki mafi girma", "babban batun tarayya". A zahiri, Jamhuriyar Yakutia da Krasnoyarsk Territory sun fi girma a cikin ƙasa fiye da Yankin Tyumen, wanda, saboda haka, ya ɗauki matsayi na uku kawai. Abu na biyu, kuma wannan yankin na uku shi ne yankin Tyumen, tare da la'akari da gundumomin Yamalo-Nenets da Khanty-Mansiysk waɗanda ke cikin su. Daga cikin yankuna "masu tsabta", ban da Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug da Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tyumenskaya ta ɗauki matsayi na 24, a ɗan bayan Term. 
Taswirar yankin Tyumen tare da Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug da Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Yankin Tyumen da kansa shine ɓangaren kudu sosai
5. Tuni a ƙarshen karni na XIX a cikin Tyumen akwai ainihin circus da filin shakatawa. Circus - tanti mai zane, wanda aka shimfiɗa a kan wani babban ginshiƙi - ya kasance a cikin wurin da circus Tyumen yake a yanzu. Filin shakatawa tare da rumfa (yanzu ana kiran irin wannan ma'aikatar gidan wasan kwaikwayo iri-iri) a kusa, a mahadar titunan Khokhryakova da Pervomayskaya. Yanzu makaranta tana tsaye a kan shafin yanar gizo na abubuwan jan hankali da jan hankali.
6. Duk da cewa Tyumen ya kasance can nesa daga ƙasar Rasha na dogon lokaci, amma ba a taɓa samun ganuwar dutse a kewayen birnin ba. Dole mazaunan Tyumen su yi yaƙi na musamman tare da makiyaya, kuma ba su san yadda ba kuma ba sa son auka wa ganuwar. Saboda haka, gwamnonin Tyumen sun takaita ne ga ginin yankakken koƙaƙƙen duwatsu da gyare-gyare da gyare-gyare. Lokaci kawai da rundunar zata zauna shine a 1635. Tatar sun washe ƙauyuka kuma sun ragargaza ganuwar, amma hakan ne kawai. An yi nasarar yunƙurin kai harin, amma Tatar sun ɗauki dabarar su. Ganin cewa sun ja da baya daga garin, sai suka yaudari mutanen Tyumen, wadanda ke bin su, suka yi kwanton bauna suka kashe kowane daya.
7. A ƙa'ida, tsarin samar da ruwa a Tyumen ya fara aiki a 1864. Koyaya, wannan ba bututun da aka saba kewayawa bane a cikin gari, amma kawai tashar famfo ne wanda ke ba da ruwa tare da titin Vodoprovodnaya na yanzu zuwa wurin yin baƙin ƙarfe a tsakiyar garin. Mun ɗauki ruwa daga tafkin da kanmu. Ci gaba ne sosai - yana da matukar wahala a shigar da Tura cikin ruwa daga babban bankin. A hankali, tsarin inganta ruwa ya inganta, kuma a ƙarshen karni na 19, wadatattun mazaunan Tyumen, da ofisoshi da kamfanoni, suna da bututu daban da ruwa don kansu. Biyan kudin ruwa ya wuce gona da iri. Mutanen gari a cikin gidaje masu zaman kansu sun biya daga 50 zuwa 100 rubles a shekara, daga kamfanonin da suka yi yaƙi don 200 da 300 rubles. Rukunin tarihin sun adana wasika daga reshen Tyumen na Bankin Jiha na Rasha tare da neman a rage kudin ruwan shekara-shekara daga 200 zuwa 100 rubles. A lokaci guda, duk aikin da aka yi na girka tsarin samar da ruwan an yi shi ne ta hanyar mazauna da kamfanoni da kudaden su.
8. Yankin Tyumen ya bayyana a cikin 1944 a yayin sake fasalin gudanarwa na yankin Omsk, wanda kawai yake da girma. Sabon yankin da aka kafa ya haɗa da Tyumen, Tobosk mai lalacewa, birane da yawa waɗanda aka sanya wannan matsayin a gaba (kamar ƙarami sosai sannan Salekhard), da ƙauyuka da yawa. A cikin jam’iyya da yanayin tattalin arziki, an haife maganar nan “Tyumen babban birni ne na ƙauyuka” nan da nan - sun ce, yanki ne mai hatsari. Gaskiyar cewa Tyumen ta kasance kuma har yanzu ita ce birni na farko na Rasha a Siberia, a bayyane yake, ba a kula da shi ba.
9. Tyumen babban birni ne na ma’aikatan mai, amma shi kansa Tyumen, kamar yadda suke fada, babu kamshin mai. Filin mai mafi kusa da birni yana kusa da kilomita 800 daga Tyumen. Koyaya, ba wanda zai iya cewa Tyumen yana kaskantar da darajar ma'aikatan mai. Ana yin babban jigilar ma'aikatan mai tare da Railway Trans-Siberian Railway wanda ke wucewa cikin gari. Kuma shekarun da suka gabata, Tyumen ne farkon birni wanda ma'aikatan mai da gas suka gani lokacin da suke dawowa daga agogonsu. 
Ko da hasumiyar TV ta farko a Tyumen ta kasance ainihin matattarar mai. Yanzu kawai alamar tunawa ta rage daga gare ta
S. I. Kolokolnikov
10. Mota ta farko da tilo a cikin Tyumen har zuwa 1919 mallakar wani ɗan kasuwa mai gado mai suna Stepan Kolokolnikov. Mamallakin babban gidan kasuwancin, mutanen Tyumen sun san shi ba kawai saboda motarsa ba. Ya kasance babban mai taimako da taimako. Ya dauki nauyin gidan motsa jiki na mata, makarantun Mutane da na Kasuwanci. Kolokolnikov ya ba da kuɗaɗe don inganta Tyumen, kuma matarsa da kanta ta koyar da darasi a makarantu. Stepan Ivanovich ya kasance mataimakin Duma na Farko, bayan rokon Vyborg ya yi watanni uku a kurkukun Tyumen - mulkin tsarist ya kasance mai zalunci. Kuma a cikin 1917, Bolsheviks sun ba shi biyan kuɗi sau ɗaya na ragin dala miliyan 2. Kolokolnikov tare da danginsa da Firayim Minista na farko na Gwamnatin wucin gadi Georgy Lvov sun sami damar tserewa zuwa Amurka. A can ya mutu a 1925 yana da shekara 57.
11. Aikin wuta a Tyumen ya wanzu tun 1739, amma masu kashe gobara na Tyumen ba zasu iya yin alfahari da wata nasara ta musamman ba. Birni na katako an gina shi da yawa, a lokacin rani yana da zafi sosai a cikin Tyumen, yana da wuya a isa ga ruwa - yanayin da ya dace don gobara. Dangane da tunanin wani mazaunin Tyumen, Alexei Ulybin, a farkon karni na 20, gobara kusan kowace mako ce a lokacin bazara. Kuma hasumiyar da ta ci gaba har zuwa yau ita ce ta biyu a tarihin garin. Na farko, kamar dukkanin ma'aikatar kashe gobara, ya ƙone daga gindin wani mashayin direba wanda ya yi barci a cikin ɓoye na ƙungiyar kashe gobara. Sai kawai a ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet, lokacin da aka fara gina gidaje da tubali da dutse, an shawo kan gobarar.
Libra tyumen
12. Sikeli "Tyumen" ana iya ɗaukarsa alama ce ta kasuwancin Soviet. Duk wanda ya taɓa zuwa shagon sayar da kayan cin abinci na Soviet zai tuna da wannan na'urar mai girma tare da manya da ƙananan kwanoni a gefuna da jiki a tsaye tare da kibiya a tsakiya. A cikin lardin Libra Tyumen ana iya gani yanzu. Ba abin mamaki bane - daga 1959 zuwa 1994, Kamfanin Kirkirar Kirkirar Tyumen ya samar da miliyoyin su. Sikeli "Tyumen" har ma an fitar dashi zuwa Kudancin Amurka. Har yanzu ana samar da su a ƙananan ƙananan, kuma tsire-tsire a cikin Novosibirsk yana samar da ma'aunan kansa, amma ƙarƙashin sunan suna "Tyumen" - alama!
13. Tyumen na zamani birni ne mai matukar kyau da kwanciyar hankali. Kuma bisa ga ƙididdigar mazauna, birni, kuma bisa ga ƙididdiga daban-daban, a kai a kai yana mamaye manyan wurare a Rasha. Kuma kafin juyin-juya halin Tyumen, akasin haka, ya shahara da ƙazanta. Hatta manyan tituna da murabba'ai an binne su a zahiri tare da dubban ƙafa, kofato da ƙafafun laka. Abubuwan shimfida dutse na farko sun bayyana ne kawai a cikin 1891. Magajin gadon sarauta, Emperor Nicholas II na gaba, yana dawowa daga tafiya gabas ta cikin Siberia. Akwai yiwuwar cewa hanyar magajin zai wuce ta Tyumen. Cikin gaggawa, an shimfiɗa manyan titunan birnin da duwatsu. Daga karshe magajin ya tuka zuwa yankin Turai na Rasha ta hanyar Tobolsk, kuma layukan sun kasance a cikin Tyumen.
14. Tyumen ana iya ɗaukarsa babban birni na Rasha. An gina wani katafaren hadadden biathlon "Lu'u-lu'u na Siberia" ba da nisa da garin ba. Ya kamata a dauki bakuncin Gasar Biathlon ta 2021, amma saboda badakalar shan kwayoyi, an kwace damar karbar Kofin Duniya daga Tyumen. Saboda doping, ko kuma a maimakon haka, "halayen da ba su dace ba", zakaran wasannin na Olympics, dan asalin Tyumen, Anton Shipulin, ba a ba shi izinin shiga cikin wasannin Olympics na 2018 ba. Takaddun gwarzon Olympics a biathlon shi ma mataimakin darekta na sashen wasanni na Tyumen na yanzu, Luiza Noskova. Alexei Volkov da Alexander Popov, waɗanda aka haifa a yankin, suma ana ɗaukar su mazaunan Tyumen. Anastasia Kuzmina kuma an haife shi a Tyumen, amma 'yar'uwar Anton Shipulin yanzu ta kawo shahararren wasanni zuwa Slovakia. Amma wasanni Tyumen yana da ƙarfi ba kawai a cikin biathlon ba. Zakarun gasar Boris Shakhlin (gymnastics), Nikolai Anikin (wasan tseren kan ƙasa) da Rakhim Chakhkiev (dambe) an haife su a cikin birni ko yankin. Musamman ma tsan kishin ƙasa na Tyumen sun ƙidaya har da Maria Sharapova tsakanin mazaunan Tyumen - sanannen ɗan wasan wasan kwallon tennis ɗin ne a garin Nyagan, wanda ke cikin Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Gaskiya ne, ta fara wasan tanis tun tana shekara 4 bayan ta koma Sochi, amma ba wanda zai iya soke gaskiyar haihuwa.
Abin tunawa ga A. Tekutyev
15. Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tyumen Bolshoi Drama babban gaske ne - yana aiki a cikin mafi girman gidan wasan kwaikwayo a Rasha. Ranar hukuma ta gidauniyar wasan kwaikwayo ana ɗaukarta a matsayin 1858 - to, wasan kwaikwayo na farko da aka fara a Tyumen ya faru. An shirya shi ta ƙungiyar masu son. An kafa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na ƙwararru a cikin 1890 ta ɗan kasuwa Andrey Tekutyev. Har zuwa 2008, gidan wasan kwaikwayon yana aiki a cikin ginin da aka canza daga ɗayan tsofaffin ɗakunan ajiya na Tekutyev, sannan ya koma fadar ta yanzu. Irin wannan Evgeny Matveev da Pyotr Velyaminov sun buga a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Tyumen Drama Theater. Kuma don girmama Andrey Tekutyev, an sanya sunan wata hanyar a cikin Tyumen, wanda aka girka abin tunawa ga maigidan. 
16. Tyumen gari ne na darajoji daban-daban, kusan babu manyan mutane, har ma da masu martaba a cikin garin. A gefe guda kuma, matsakaicin matsakaiciyar rayuwa ta fi ta Turai ta Turai. Ba manyan attajiran Tyumen da jami'ai yawanci suna yin bukukuwa ta hanyar gayyatar iyalai 15 zuwa 20. Baƙi an ba su jita-jita masu sauƙi, amma ba a sauƙaƙe ba. Barka da shan giya da yawa na barasa a cikin hallway, inda nau'ikan tsiran alade da yawa, nama mai sanyi, pickles, kyafaffen nama, da dai sauransu suna jiran su. A teburin suma suna cin abinci ne kawai - kunne, taliya, da naman da aka yi daga gare su. Wannan ya biyo bayan kayan zaki, raye-raye, katuna, kuma kusa da ƙarshen maraice, an ba da ɗaruruwan ɗumbin abubuwa, waɗanda baƙin suka sha farin ciki. Ba kamar manyan biranen ba, mazaunan Tyumen sun fara hutun ne da ƙarfe 2 - 3 na yamma, kuma zuwa ƙarfe 9 na dare galibi suna komawa gida.
17. Yin hukunci da bayanin da Jules Verne ya bayar a cikin labarin "Mikhail Strogoff", Tyumen ya shahara da samar da kararrawa da kararrawa. Ko da a cikin Tyumen, a cewar mashahurin marubucin, yana yiwuwa a ƙetare Kogin Tobol ta jirgin ruwa, wanda a zahiri yake kwarara kudu maso gabashin garin. 
Abin tunawa ga ɗaliban makarantar Tyumen waɗanda suka mutu a yaƙin
18. Tuni a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941, ofishin shigar da sojoji na Tyumen, baya ga matakan tattara mutane da aka tsara, sun karbi aikace-aikace kusan 500 daga masu aikin sa kai. A cikin birni mai yawan mutane kusan 30,000, rabe-raben bindigogi 3, bangaren anti-tank da kuma wata rundunar mayaƙan tan-tanki sannu a hankali aka kirkiresu (la’akari da ‘yan asalin ƙauyukan da ke kewaye da waɗanda aka kora). Dole ne su shiga yakin a cikin watanni mafi wahala na yakin. Fiye da 50,000an asalin 50,000 na Tyumen da yankin a hukumance ana ɗaukar su matattu. 'Yan asalin garin, Kyaftin Ivan Beznoskov, Sajan Viktor Bugaev, Kyaftin Leonid Vasiliev, Babban Laftana Boris Oprokidnev da Kyaftin Viktor Khudyakov an ba su taken Jarumin Tarayyar Soviet.
19. Dangane da tambayoyin daya daga cikin jaridun cikin gida, mutum na iya daukar kansa a matsayin dan Tyumen idan ya san cewa Tsvetnoy Boulevard ita ce tsakiyar titi a cikin birni, kuma ba daya daga cikin titunan Moscow ba inda circus yake; Tura ita ce kogin da Tyumen ke tsaye a kansa, kuma ana kiran ɗan ƙaramin dara "rook"; a cikin Tyumen babu mafi tsayi, amma mafi tsayi, abin tunawa da tagulla ga Vladimir Lenin. Mutum-mutumin, kusan tsayin mita 16, ba kawai girmamawa ga shugaban proletariat na duniya ba, har ma yana tunatar da cewa jikin Lenin a lokacin Babban Yaƙin rioasa da kiyaye shi a Tyumen, a ginin Kwalejin Noma.
20. Sauyin yanayi a cikin Tyumen ya kasance mai tsananin nahiyar. Tare da matsakaicin darajar lokacin bazara + 17 - + 25 ° С da yanayin sanyi -10 - -19 ° С, a lokacin bazara zafin zai iya haura zuwa +30 - + 37 ° С, kuma a lokacin hunturu zai iya sauka zuwa -47 ° С Mazauna Tyumen da kansu sun yi imanin cewa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, yanayin, musamman a lokacin sanyi, ya zama mai sauƙi, kuma sanyin sanyi a hankali yana juyawa zuwa nau'in labaran kaka. Kuma tsawon kwanakin rana a Tyumen yanzu yakai na uku fiye da na Moscow.
