Grigory Grigorievich Orlov - Janar Feldseichmeister, wanda aka fi so da Catherine II, na biyu daga cikin brothersan uwan Orlov, mai ƙera fadojin Gatchina da Marble. Daga gare shi ne Empress ta haifa da shege ɗan Alexei, kakan kakannin Bobrinsky na ƙidaya.
Tarihin rayuwar Grigory Orlov cike yake da abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa waɗanda suka danganci kotun masarauta da nasarorin da yarima ya samu.
Don haka, kafin ku gajeriyar tarihin Grigory Orlov.
Tarihin rayuwar Grigory Orlov
An haifi Grigory Orlov a ranar 6 ga Oktoba 17 (17), 1734 a ƙauyen Lyutkino, lardin Tver. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dan majalisar mashawarci Grigory Ivanovich da matarsa Lukerya Ivanovna.
Baya ga Gregory, an haifi wasu yara maza 5 a gidan Orlov, ɗayan ya mutu yana ƙarami.
Yara da samari
Duk lokacin yarinta Grigory Orlov ya kasance a cikin Moscow. Ya yi karatun firamare a gida, amma ba shi da wata dama ta musamman ga kimiyya. Koyaya, ya bambanta da kyau, ƙarfi da ƙarfin zuciya.
Lokacin da Orlov yake ɗan shekara 15, ya shiga cikin tsarin mulki na Semyonovsky, inda ya fara aikinsa da matsayin masu zaman kansu. A nan mutumin ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru 8, yana karɓar matsayin hafsa. A cikin 1757, tare da abokan aikinsa, an aike shi zuwa Yaƙin Shekaru Bakwai.
Aikin soja
A cikin yaƙin, Orlov ya nuna kansa a kyakkyawar gefe. Ya mallaki ƙarfi mai ban mamaki, kyan gani, tsayi da kuma ƙarfin hali. A cikin tarihin Gregory akwai lamari mai ban sha'awa lokacin da ya tabbatar da ƙarfin zuciya a aikace.
Bayan ya sami raunuka 3 a yakin Zorndorf, jarumin ya ƙi barin filin daga. Godiya ga wannan, ya jawo hankalin jami'ai kuma ya sami suna a matsayin soja mara tsoro.
A cikin 1759, an ba da umarnin Grigory Orlov ya kawo wa St. Bayan kammala aikin, jami’in ya hadu da Janar Feldzheikhmeister Pyotr Shuvalov, wanda ya dauke shi zuwa na kusa da shi.
Gregory ya fara aiki a cikin masu gadin tare da ’yan’uwansa. Orlovs galibi suna dagula umarnin, suna shirya shagulgulan shan giya.
Bugu da kari, 'yan'uwan sun yi suna kamar "Don Juan", ba su jin tsoron shiga cikin ma'amala da mata daga cikin manyan mutane. Misali, Grigory ya fara ma'amala tare da wanda aka fi so Count Shuvalov - Princess Kurakina.
Wanda aka fi so
Lokacin da Shuvalov ya sami labarin alaƙar Orlov da Kurakina, sai ya ba da umarnin a aika da jarumin da ba shi da godiya ga rundinar yaƙi. A can ne sarauniya mai jiran gado Catherine II ta lura da Gregory.
Tun daga wannan lokacin, yawancin abubuwan da suka faru sun fara faruwa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Grigory Orlov, ƙaunatacciyar masarautar. Ba da daɗewa ba, Catherine ta yi ciki da Orlov kuma ta haifi ɗa, Alexei, wanda daga baya ya sami sunan Bobrinsky.
Grigory Grigorievich, tare da 'yan'uwansa, sun ba da babbar taimako ga masarauta a gwagwarmayar neman kursiyin. Sun taimaka mata wajen fitar da mijinta Peter 3 daga hanya, wanda shi kuma ya so ya tura matarsa zuwa gidan sufi.
'Yan uwan Orlov sun yi wa sarauniyar aminci da aminci saboda sun ɗauki Peter a matsayin mai cin amana ga mahaifar mahaifiyarsu, wanda ya fi kare manufofin Prussia.
A yayin juyin mulkin da aka yi a cikin gidan sarauta a cikin 1762, Orlovs sun sami damar shawo kan sojojin da ke jinkirin zuwa gefen Catherine. Godiya ga wannan, galibin sojoji suka yi rantsuwa da yin biyayya ga sarauniya, sakamakon haka ne aka tumbuke Peter 3 daga kursiyin.
Dangane da fasalin hukuma, Peter ya mutu ne sakamakon cutar kansa, amma akwai ra'ayin cewa Alexei Orlov ne ya shake shi.
'Yan uwan Orlov sun sami gata da yawa daga Catherine the Great, wacce ke godiya da su a duk abin da suka yi mata.
Gregory ya sami mukamin babban janar kuma mai zahiri. Bugu da ƙari, an ba shi Dokar St. Alexander Nevsky.
Ga ɗan lokaci, Grigory Orlov shine babban mashahurin masarautar, amma ba da daɗewa ba komai ya canza. Tunda bashi da babban tunani kuma bashi da masaniyar al'amuran jihar, mutumin ba zai iya zama hannun daman sarauniyar ba.
Daga baya, Grigory Potemkin ya zama wanda aka fi so da masarauta. Ba kamar Orlov ba, yana da dabara, basira kuma yana iya ba da shawara mai mahimmanci. Koyaya, a nan gaba, Grigory Orlov zai ba Catherine babban sabis.
A cikin 1771, an aika da wanda aka fi so zuwa Moscow, inda annoba take. Saboda wannan da wasu dalilai, rikici ya fara a cikin gari, wanda Orlov ya sami nasarar murƙushe shi.
Bugu da kari, yariman ya dauki kwararan matakai don kawar da annobar. Ya yi aiki da sauri, a sarari da tunani, sakamakon haka an warware dukkan matsaloli.
Komawa zuwa St. Petersburg, Grigory Orlov ya sami yabo da yawa daga tsarina, tare da kyaututtuka da lada. A cikin Tsarskoe Selo, an shigar da ƙofa tare da rubutun: "Orlovs sun ceci Moscow daga matsala."
Rayuwar mutum
Da dama daga masana tarihi sunyi imanin cewa Grigory Orlov ya sami damar sanin soyayya ta gaskiya a ƙarshen rayuwarsa. Lokacin da Catherine Mai Girma ta rasa sha'awar wanda take so, sai ta aika shi zuwa ɗayan ƙawayenta masu tsada.
Daga baya ya zama sananne cewa Orlov ya auri ɗan uwansa ɗan shekara 18 Ekaterina Zinovieva. Wannan labarin ya haifar da mummunan tashin hankali a cikin al'umma. Wakilan Coci sun la'anci wannan ƙungiyar, tunda an kammala tsakanin dangi na kusa.
Wannan labarin zai iya ƙarewa ga duka ma'aurata, amma sarauniyar, tana mai tuna abubuwan da suka gabata na Gregory, ta tsaya masa. Haka kuma, ta bai wa matar sa sarautar yar jihar.
Gregory da Catherine sun rayu cikin farin ciki har zuwa lokacin da yarinyar ta faɗi da rashin amfani. Wannan ya faru a shekara ta huɗu ta rayuwar aurensu. An kai mijin Switzerland don kula da Katya, amma wannan bai taimaka ceton ranta ba.
Mutuwa
Mutuwar matarsa ƙaunatacce a lokacin rani na 1782 ya nakasa lafiyar Orlov sosai kuma ya zama ɗayan mawuyacin yanayi a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa. Ya rasa sha'awar rayuwa kuma ba da daɗewa ba hankalinsa ya tashi.
'Yan'uwan sun ɗauki Grigory zuwa masarautar Moscow ta Neskuchnoye. Bayan lokaci, za a kafa sanannen Lambun nan Neskuchny.
Anan ne Janar Feldzheichmeister, duk da kokarin da likitoci suka yi, a hankali ya dushe cikin nutsuwa. Grigory Grigorievich Orlov ya mutu a ranar 13 ga Afrilu (24), 1783 yana ɗan shekara 48.
An binne Orlov a cikin rukunin Otrada a Semenovsky. A cikin 1832, an sake binne gawarsa a bangon yamma na St. George's Cathedral, inda aka riga aka binne 'yan'uwansa, Alexei da Fyodor.
Hoto daga Grigory Orlov
