Leonid Iovich Gaidai (1923-1993) - Daraktan finafinai na Soviet da na Rasha, ɗan wasa, marubucin allo. Mawallafin Mutane na USSR kuma wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta Jiha ta RSFSR su. 'yan'uwan Vasiliev.
Gaidai ya dauki fina-finai masu yawa na bautar gumaka, wadanda suka hada da Operation Y da sauran Adventures na Shurik, Fursunan Caucasus, Diamond Hand, Ivan Vasilyevich Canje-canjen Sana'arsa da Sportloto-82.
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin Gaidai, wanda za mu fada muku game da shi a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanka akwai ɗan gajeren tarihin Leonid Gaidai.
Tarihin rayuwar Gaidai
An haifi Leonid Gaidai a ranar 30 ga Janairun 1923 a garin Svobodny (Yankin Amur) .Ya girma ne a cikin dangin masu aiki da babu ruwan su da harkar fim.
Mahaifin daraktan, Job Isidovich, ma'aikaci ne a layin dogo, kuma mahaifiyarsa, Maria Ivanovna, tana renon yara uku: Leonid, Alexander da Augusta.
Yara da samari
Kusan nan da nan bayan haihuwar Leonid, dangin suka koma Chita, kuma daga baya suka koma Irkutsk, inda darektan fim na gaba ya yi ƙuruciya. Yayi karatu a makarantar jirgin kasa, wanda ya kammala tun daga ranar da aka fara Babban Yaƙin rioasa (1941-1945).
Da zaran Nazi Jamus suka far wa USSR, Gaidai ya yanke shawarar zuwa gaba don son ransa, amma bai wuce hukumar ba saboda karancin shekarunsa. A sakamakon haka, ya sami aiki a matsayin mai haskakawa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Moscow na Satire, wanda a wancan lokacin aka kwashe zuwa Irkutsk.
Saurayin ya halarci dukkan wasannin kwaikwayon, yana mai cike da farin cikin wasan kwaikwayo na 'yan wasan. Duk da hakan, sha'awar haɗi da rayuwarsa da gidan wasan kwaikwayo ya haskaka a ransa.
A kaka ta 1941, Leonid Gaidai ya shiga aikin soja. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce yayin rarraba mayaƙan, wani abin ban dariya ya faru tare da saurayin, wanda daga baya za a nuna shi a fim ɗin game da "abubuwan da suka faru na Shurik."
Lokacin da kwamandan sojan ya nemi sabbin sojoji a ina za su so yin hidima, ga kowace tambaya "Wanene a cikin manyan bindigogi?", "A cikin Sojan Sama?", "Zuwa ga sojojin ruwa?" Gaidai yayi ihu "Ni". A lokacin ne kwamandan ya faɗi sanannen kalmar “Ku jira! Bari in karanta jerin duka! "
A sakamakon haka, an aika Leonid zuwa Mongolia, amma ba da daɗewa ba aka tura shi zuwa Kalinin Front, inda ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan leƙen asiri. Ya nuna kansa jarumi ne.
A yayin wani samame na kai hari a daya daga cikin kauyukan, Gaidai ya yi nasarar jefa gurneti a sansanin sojojin na Jamus da hannuwan sa. Sakamakon haka, ya rusa abokan gaba uku, sannan ya shiga cikin kame fursunoni.
Saboda wannan aikin jaruntaka Leonid Gaidai aka ba shi lambar yabo "Don Meraunar Soja". A yayin yakin na gaba, mahakar ma'adinai ta tarwatsa shi, wanda ya ji rauni sosai a kafarsa ta dama. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa hukumar ta same shi bai dace da cigaba da aiki ba.
Fina-finai
A shekarar 1947 Gaidai ya kammala karatunsa daga sutudiyo a Irkutsk. Anan ya yi aiki na tsawon shekaru a matsayin ɗan wasa da hasken fitila.
Bayan haka, Leonid ya tashi zuwa Moscow, inda ya zama ɗalibin sashen bayar da umarni na VGIK. Bayan karatun shekaru 6 a cibiyar, ya samu aiki a dakin daukar fim na Mosfilm.
A shekarar 1956, Gaidai, tare da Valentin Nevzorov, sun dauki fim din The Long Way. Bayan shekaru 2, ya gabatar da gajeren wasan barkwanci "Ango daga wata duniyar." Abin sha'awa, wannan shine fim daya tilo a cikin tarihin daraktan kirkirar fim wanda aka yiwa takunkumi sosai.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa fim din asalin sa cikakke ne. An yi wasa da ban dariya a kan aikin Soviet da chicanery.
A sakamakon haka, lokacin da Ministan Al'adu na USSR ya kalle shi, ya ba da umarnin yanke abubuwan da yawa. Don haka, daga cikakken fim, fim ɗin ya zama gajeren fim.
Har ma sun so cire Leonid Gaidai daga bayar da umarni. Sannan ya amince a karo na farko da na karshe don yin yarjejeniya tare da Mosfilm. Mutumin ya yi fim ɗin wasan kwaikwayo na akida game da tururin "Sau uku Ya Tashi".
Kodayake wannan aikin ya samu karbuwa daga masu binciken, wadanda suka ba Gaidai damar ci gaba da yin fina-finai, amma daraktan kansa ya ji kunyar wannan wasan kwaikwayo har zuwa karshen kwanakinsa.
A cikin 1961, Leonid ya gabatar da wasannin barkwanci guda 2 - Dogo Dog da Giciye mara kyau da Moonshiners, wanda ya ba shi farin jini mai ban sha'awa. A lokacin ne masu kallo suka ga shahararrun Triniti a cikin mutum na Matsoraci (Vitsin ", Balbes (Nikulin) da Kwarewa (Morgunov).
Daga baya, sabon fim din Gaidai mai suna "Operation Y" da sauran Adventures na Shurik, "Fursunan Caucasus, ko Shurik's New Adventures" da "The Diamond Hand", wanda aka shirya a cikin shekaru 60, an sake su akan babban allo. Dukkanin finafinan 3 sun kasance babbar nasara kuma har yanzu ana ɗaukar su a matsayin fina-finan Soviet.
A cikin shekaru 70s, Leonid Gaidai ya ci gaba da yin aiki tuƙuru. A wannan lokacin, 'yan uwansa sun ga irin wannan gwaninta kamar "Ivan Vasilyevich ya canza sana'arsa", "Ba zai iya zama ba!" da "kujeru 12". Ya zama ɗayan mashahurai kuma ƙaunatattun daraktoci a faɗin Soviet Union.
A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, Gaidai ya gabatar da ayyuka 4, inda shahararrun wasan kwaikwayo "Bayan hindan wasa" da "Sportloto-82". A lokacin tarihin rayuwarsa, ya kuma harbe kananan hotuna 14 don labaran "Wick".
A cikin 1989 Leonid Gaidai ya sami lambar yabo ta Artist of USSR. Bayan rugujewar Tarayyar Soviet, ya zana hoto guda daya "Yanayi ya yi kyau a kan Deribasovskaya, ko kuma an sake yin ruwan sama a Brighton Beach."
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, wannan fim ɗin yana ɗauke ne da ra'ayoyin shugabannin Soviet, daga Lenin zuwa Gorbachev, da kuma Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush.
Rayuwar mutum
Leonid ya sadu da matar sa ta gaba, mai suna Nina Grebeshkova, yayin karatu a VGIK. Matasan sun yi aure a shekarar 1953, sun kwashe kusan shekaru 40 suna tare.
Abin mamaki ne cewa Nina ta ƙi yarda da sunan mahaifinta, tunda ba a san ko maza ko mata suna ɓoye da sunan Gaidai ba, kuma wannan yana da mahimmanci ga 'yar fim.
A cikin wannan auren, ma'auratan suna da yarinya mai suna Oksana, wanda a nan gaba ya zama ma'aikacin banki.
Mutuwa
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lafiyar Gaidai ta bar abin da ake so. Ya damu kwarai da gaske game da raunin da ya warke a ƙafarsa. Bugu da kari, saboda shan taba sigari, hanyoyin numfashin sa sun fara zama cikin damuwa.
Leonid Iovich Gaidai ya mutu a ranar 19 ga Nuwamba, 1993 yana da shekara 70. Ya mutu ne saboda rashin jituwa ta cikin huhu.
Gaidai Hotuna
