Alisabatu ko Erzhebet Bathory na Eched ko - Alzhbeta Batorova-Nadashdi, wanda kuma ake kira Chakhtitskaya Pani ko essan Tutar Jini (1560-1614) - Hungan ƙasar Hungary daga dangin Bathory, kuma mafi arziki aristocrat na Hungary na lokacin ta.
Ta shahara sosai game da kisan gillar da ake yi wa girlsan mata. An jera a cikin Guinness Book of Records a matsayin matar da ta kashe mafi yawan mutane - 650.
Akwai tarihin gaskiya game da Bathory, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanku akwai ɗan gajeren tarihin rayuwar Elizabeth Bathory.
Tarihin Bathory
An haifi Elizabeth Bathory a ranar 7 ga watan Agusta, 1560 a garin Nyirbator na ƙasar Hungary. Ta girma kuma ta girma a cikin iyali mai arziki.
Mahaifinta, Gyorgy, dan uwan gwamnan Transylvia ne Andras Bathory, kuma mahaifiyarsa Anna 'yar wani gwamnan ce, Istvan 4. Baya ga Elizabeth, iyayenta na da karin' yan mata 2 da namiji daya.
Elizabeth Bathory ta yi yarinta a cikin Eched Castle. A lokacin wannan tarihin rayuwar ta yi karatun Jamusanci, Latin da Girkanci. Yarinyar lokaci-lokaci tana wahala daga kamuwa da kwatsam, wanda ka iya zama sanadiyyar farfadiya.
Karuwanci ya shafi yanayin tunanin iyali. A cewar wasu kafofin, kowa a cikin dangin Bathory sun sha wahala daga farfadiya, schizophrenia da shan giya.
A lokacin ƙarami, Bathory galibi ya faɗa cikin fushin da ba shi da ma'ana. Ya kamata a lura cewa ta yi da'awar ɗarikar Calvin (ɗayan ƙungiyoyin addinan Furotesta). Wasu masu rubutun tarihin sun ba da shawarar cewa imanin ƙidayar ne zai iya haifar da kisan gillar.
Rayuwar mutum
Lokacin da Bathory bai cika shekaru 10 da haihuwa ba, iyayenta sun aurar da 'yarsu ga Ferenc Nadashdi, ɗan Baron Tamash Nadashdi. Shekaru biyar bayan haka, aka yi bikin aure na ango da ango, wanda ya samu halartar dubban baƙi.
Nadashdi ya ba wa matarsa Gidan Chakhtitsa da ƙauyuka 12 da ke kewaye da ita. Bayan aurenta, Bathory ya kasance shi kaɗai na dogon lokaci, yayin da mijinta ke karatu a Vienna.
A cikin 1578 Ferenc an ba shi amanar jagorancin sojojin Hungary a yaƙe-yaƙe da Daular Ottoman. Yayin da mijinta ke fada a fagen daga, yarinyar ta kasance tana aiki a cikin gida tana gudanar da al'amuran. A cikin wannan auren, an haifi yara shida (a cewar wasu kafofin, bakwai).
Dukkanin ofa ofan Countaukar odyaukar jini sun sami kulawar mata, yayin da ita da kanta bata basu kulawar data dace ba. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a cewar jita-jita, Bathory mai shekaru 13, tun kafin aurenta da Nadashdi, ta samu ciki daga wani bawa mai suna Sharvar Laszlo Bendé.
Lokacin da Ferenc ya fahimci haka, sai ya ba da umarnin a yi wa Benda fyade, kuma ya ba da umarnin a raba yarinyar, Anastasia da Elizabeth don tserar da iyalin daga kunya. Koyaya, rashin ingantattun takardu da ke tabbatar da kasancewar yarinyar na iya nuna cewa za a iya kashe ta a yarinta.
Lokacin da mijin Bathory ya halarci Yaƙin shekara talatin, yarinyar ta kula da ƙauyukan sa, wanda Turkawa suka kai wa hari. Akwai shari'oi da yawa da aka sani lokacin da ta kare mata marasa mutunci, da kuma waɗanda aka yiwa fyaden 'ya'yansu mata ciki.
A cikin 1604 Ferenc Nadashdi ya mutu, wanda a lokacin yana da kimanin shekaru 48. A jajibirin mutuwarsa, ya ba da amintar Count Gyordu Thurzo ya kula da yaransa da matarsa. Abin mamaki, Thurzo ne daga baya zai bincika laifukan Bathory.
Gabatar da kara da bincike
A farkon 1600s, jita-jitar ta'addancin Countididdigar Jinin ya fara yaduwa a cikin masarautar. Daya daga cikin limaman Lutheran din ya yi zargin ta da tsafin asiri, kuma ta kai rahoto ga hukumomin yankin.
Koyaya, jami'an ba su mai da hankali sosai ga waɗannan rahotannin ba. A halin yanzu, yawan koke-koke game da Bathory ya karu sosai da cewa tuni an tattauna game da laifuffukan adadin a duk fadin jihar. A shekarar 1609, an fara tattauna batun kisan mata masu daraja mata.
Bayan haka ne, aka fara zurfafa bincike kan lamarin. A cikin shekaru 2 masu zuwa, an tattara shaidar sama da shaidu 300, gami da bayin gidan Sarvar.
Shaidun mutanen da aka yi hira da su sun kasance masu ban tsoro. Mutane sun yi iƙirarin cewa waɗanda aka fara kashewa Countess Bathory 'yan mata ne masu asali. Matar ta gayyaci samarin marasa sa'a zuwa gidanta a karkashin dalilin zama bawanta.
Daga baya, Bathory ya fara ba yara marasa galihu izgili, waɗanda aka yi musu mummunan duka, suna cizon naman daga fuska, gaɓoɓi da sauran sassan jiki. Ta kuma halakar da wadanda ke fama da yunwa ko daskarar da su.
Wadanda suka hada kai da Elizabeth Bathory sun shiga cikin ta'asar da aka bayyana, wadanda suka sadar da ita mata ta hanyar yaudara ko tashin hankali. Yana da kyau a lura cewa labarai game da Bathory tayi wanka a cikin jinin budurwai don kiyaye yarinta abin tambaya ne. Sun tashi bayan mutuwar matar.
Kama Bathory da shari'arsa
A watan Disamba 1610 Gyordu Thurzo ya kama Elizabeth Bathory da wasu abokanta su huɗu. Wadanda ke karkashin Gyordu sun sami yarinya daya da daya ta mutu, yayin da sauran fursunonin ke kulle a daki.
Akwai ra'ayi cewa an kama Countess a lokacin da aka ce an same ta a cikin jini, amma wannan sigar ba ta da tabbatacciyar shaida.
An fara shari’ar ita da wadanda suke tare da ita a ranar 2 ga Janairun 1611. Wani abin ban sha’awa shi ne Bathory ya ki bayyana ra’ayinsu game da ta’asar da aka aikata kuma ba a ba su damar kasancewa a wurin shari’ar ba.
Har yanzu ba a san takamaiman adadin wadanda abin ya rutsa da su na Kungiyar Kidayar Jinin ba. Wasu shaidu sun yi magana game da yawancin 'yan mata da aka azabtar da kashe su, yayin da wasu suka ambaci manyan mutane.
Misali, wata mace mai suna Zhuzhanna ta yi magana game da littafin Bathory, wanda ake zargin yana ɗauke da jerin sunayen sama da mutane 650 da abin ya shafa. Amma tun da ba a iya tabbatar da lambar 650 ba, an tabbatar da wadanda aka kashe 80 a hukumance.
A yau, wasiƙu 32 waɗanda ƙididdigar ta rubuta sun tsira, waɗanda aka adana su a cikin kayan tarihin Hungary. Majiyoyi suna kiran mutane daban-daban da aka kashe - daga mutane 20 zuwa 2000.
Uku daga cikin mata masu hannu da shuni na Elizabeth Bathory an yanke musu hukuncin kisa. Biyu daga cikinsu sun fizge yatsunsu da zafin nama sannan suka ƙone su a kan gungumen. Mutum na uku da aka kashe ya yanke kansa, kuma an bankawa jikinsa wuta.
Mutuwa
Bayan ƙarshen shari'ar, Bathory ya kasance a kurkuku a cikin gidan Cheyte a cikin kurkuku. A lokaci guda, an toshe ƙofofi da tagogin da tubali, sakamakon haka sai ƙaramin ramin samun iska ya rage, ta inda ake ba ɗan fursuna abinci.
A cikin wannan wurin Countess Bathory ta kasance har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakin ta. A cewar wasu majiyoyin, ta kwashe tsawon rayuwarta a tsare a gidan, kasancewar tana iya zagaya cikin gidan.
A ranar da ta mutu a ranar 21 ga watan Agusta, 1614, Elizabeth Bathory ta kai ƙara ga mai gadin cewa hannayenta sun yi sanyi, amma ya ba da shawarar cewa fursunan ya kwanta. Matar ta tafi gado, da safe sai aka iske ta a mace. Masu tarihin rayuwa har yanzu basu san ainihin wurin binne Bathory ba.
Bathory Hotuna
