Ko shekaru arba'in ba su shude ba tun mutuwar Yuri Vladimirovich Andropov, amma, tarihin tsalle-tsalle na zamani ya jinkirta yunƙurin inganta tsarin siyasa da tattalin arziki na Tarayyar Soviet da ke da alaƙa da sunan Andropov. Andropov da kansa ya kasance yana shirya wannan yunƙurin tsawon shekaru, kuma ya fara aiwatar da shi, ya zama Babban Sakatare na Babban Kwamitin CPSU a cikin 1982.
Kaico, tarihi da lafiya sun ba shi aiki kawai na shekara da watanni uku a wannan matsayin, har ma a lokacin Andropov ya kwashe mafi yawan wannan lokacin a asibiti. Sabili da haka, ba ma tsaran zamanin Andropov ba, kuma ba za mu taɓa sanin yadda Tarayyar Soviet za ta kasance ba idan Yuri Vladimirovich ya fahimci ra'ayinsa.
Tarihin Andropov ya sabawa kamar siyasarsa. Akwai hujjoji da yawa da ba za a iya fahimta ba da kuma rata a ciki. Babban fasalin rayuwar sakatare janar, mai yiwuwa, ya kamata a yi la’akari da gaskiyar cewa bai yi aiki ba na yini guda a cikin samfuran gaske. Manyan mukamai a cikin Komsomol da jam'iyyar suna ba da kwarewar kayan aiki, amma ba sa ba da gudummawa ta kowace hanya don ƙirƙirar ra'ayoyi tare da rayuwa ta ainihi. Bugu da ƙari, aikin Andropov ya fara ne a waɗannan shekarun lokacin da rashin bin umarnin umarni ya kasance abin ƙyama.
1. Dangane da takaddun, Yu.V. Andropov an haife shi a shekara ta 1914 a cikin Yankin Stavropol. Koyaya, ya karɓi takardar shaidar haihuwa a cikin yankin Cossack yana ɗan shekara 18 kawai. Mafi yawa ya ce a zahiri an haife sakatare janar a Moscow. Wasu masu binciken suna daukar sunan Andropov, sunan mahaifinsa, da kuma sunan mahaifinsa a matsayin sunan karya, tunda mahaifinsa dan kasar Finland ne wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin jami'i a rundunar tsarist, wanda a wancan shekarun bai ba da gudummawa ga rayuwar jam'iyyarsa ba.
2. Yuri Vladimirovich duk rayuwarsa ta sha wahala daga mummunan yanayin ciwon sukari, saboda abin da ya fuskanta da matsaloli na gani sosai.
3. Andropov bashi da babbar ilimin sana'a - ya kammala karatu a makarantar koyon fasaha ta kogi da babbar jami'a - wata cibiya da ke ba da ilimi mafi girma ga ma'aikatan nomenklatura.
4. A cikin fiye da shekaru 10, Andropov daga mukamin sakatare na kungiyar Komsomol ta makarantar fasaha ya hau kan mukamin sakatare na biyu na jam'iyyar gurguzu ta jamhuriya.
5. Tarihin tarihin hukuma ya danganta Andropov ga shugabancin gwagwarmaya na bangaranci da gwagwarmaya a Karelia, amma, mai yiwuwa, wannan ba gaskiya bane. Andropov bashi da umarnin soja - kawai daidaitattun lambobin yabo ne.
6. A farkon shekarun 1950, aikin Andropov saboda wasu dalilai ya sanya zigzag mai kaifi - apparatchik na jam’iyya ya zama jami’in diflomasiyya, kuma a take, da farko, da farko, shugaban sashen na Ma’aikatar Harkokin Waje, sannan kuma jakadan Hungary.
7. Don shigarsa cikin murkushe boren Hungary, Andropov ya karɓi Umurnin Lenin. Amma abubuwan da ya samu ba su fi tasiri a kansa ba har ma da sauye-sauye, amma ƙaramar sha'awa a cikin siyasar cikin gida na iya haifar da su - al'amuran Hungary sun fara ne da ƙananan buƙatu kamar taron babban taron jam'iyya da rusa abin tunawa ga Stalin. Sun ƙare tare da rataye kwaminisanci a cikin dandalin, kuma fuskokin waɗanda aka kashe sun ƙone da acid.
8. Musamman ga Andropov, an kirkiro wani sashe a cikin kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU don gudanar da aiki tare da bangarorin kwaminisanci na kasashen waje. Yuri Vladimirovich ya shugabanceta tsawon shekaru 10.
9. Tsawon shekaru 15 masu zuwa, Andropov ya shugabanci KGB na USSR.
10. Yu. Andropov ya zama memba na Politburo na kwamitin tsakiya a 1973 yana da shekaru 59.
11. A watan Mayu 1982, an zabi Andropov a matsayin Sakatare, kuma a cikin Nuwamba - Babban Sakatare na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU. A ƙa'ida, Sakatare Janar ya zama shugaban ƙasar Soviet a ranar 16 ga Yuni, 1983, lokacin da aka gudanar da aikin zaɓensa a matsayin Shugaban Presidium na Soviet Soviet.
12. Tuni a watan Yulin 1983, lafiyar Andropov ta tabarbare sosai. A ranar 9 ga Fabrairu na shekara mai zuwa, ya mutu sakamakon ciwon koda.
13. Duk da mawuyacin halin da ake ciki game da siyasar waje, Mataimakin Shugaban Amurka George W. Bush da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Margaret Thatcher sun tashi zuwa jana'izar Y. Andropov.
14. A watan Janairun 1984, mujallar Time ta ambaci wasu 'yan siyasa guda biyu a lokaci guda "Mutumin Gwarzo": Shugaban Amurka Reagan da Sakatare Janar na Soviet da ke mutuwa Andropov.
15. A matsayina na shugaban KGB, Andropov ya zafafa yakar yakar kungiyar masu adawa, yana kirkirar wannan tsari na musamman (Sashe na 5) a cikin tsarin aikinsa. An gwada waɗanda suka ɓarke, an kore su, an kore su daga USSR, kuma an tilasta su bi da su a asibitocin masu tabin hankali. A farkon 1980s, an ci nasara da ƙungiyar masu rarrabuwar kawuna.
16. Sashi na Biyar ya hada da ba kawai masu fada da masu adawa ba, har ma da kungiyoyin yaki da ta'addanci da aka kirkira ta hanyar umarnin shugaban kwamitin.
17. A lokaci guda, Andropov ya yi ƙoƙari ya tsarkake darajojin jam'iyyar nomenklatura. A yanzu haka, an tattara kayan laifi kawai a cikin KGB, kuma bayan zaɓen Yuri Vladimirovich a matsayin babban sakatare na ƙasar, matakai masu gudana sun fara kawar da rashawa da rashawa. Wasu daga cikinsu sun ƙare da hukuncin kisa. Matsayin masu laifi ba shi da wata damuwa - ministoci, wakilan manyan masu fada a ji a jam'iyyar har ma da dangi da abokai na magabacin magabacin Andropov Leonid Brezhnev sun zauna a tashar.
18. Hare-hare kan baƙi zuwa gidajen silima, gidajen cin abinci, masu gyaran gashi, baho, da sauransu yayin lokutan aiki yanzu sun zama kamar son sani kuma jama'a suka tsinkaya su. Koyaya, ma'anar ayyukan mahukunta a bayyane suke: dole ne a kafa tsari ba kawai a sama ba, har ma a ƙasa.
Tattaunawa game da wani sassaucin ra'ayi na Andropov, sha'awar sa ga kiɗan Yamma da wallafe-wallafen da fasaha kawai ana yada jita-jita. Andropov na iya zama mai ilimi kawai game da asalin wasu membobin na Politburo. Kuma marubuci Julian Semyonov, wanda yake da kusanci da abokantaka da Andropov, yana da hannu wajen yada jita-jita.
20. Yana iya zama sarkar ne na daidaito, amma jerin kwatsam na yuwuwar maye gurbin L. Brezhnev (Marshal A.A. Grechko, shugaban gwamnati A. N. Kosygin, memba na Politburo F. D. Kulakov, shugaban Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Belarus P. M. Masherov ) da kuma nuna alamar gallazawa da ake yi wa G. Romanov, shugaban kwamitin Leningrad City, da A. Shelepin, memba na Politburo, suna da shakku sosai. Ban da Grechko, duk waɗannan mutane suna da kyakkyawar damar kasancewa mafi girman matsayi a cikin jam'iyyar da ƙasa fiye da Andropov.
21. Wata hujja ta shakku. A taron na Politburo, wanda aka zabi Andropov a matsayin babban sakatare, shugaban jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Ukraine V. Shcherbitsky, wanda ke Amurka, ya halarci. Ikon Shcherbitsky ya kasance mai girma sosai, amma ba zai iya halartar taron ba - hukumomin Amurka sun jinkirta tashin jirgin tare da wakilan Soviet.
22. Andropov ya zaɓi hanyar da ba ta yi nasara sosai ba ga Tarayyar Soviet game da batun jirgin Koriya ta Kudu Boeing da aka harbo a gabashin Gabas. Tsawon kwanaki 9 bayan da matukin jirgin Soviet ya harbo jirgin, shugaban Soviet ya yi shiru, yana sauka tare da bayanin TASS wanda ba a fahimta ba. Kuma kawai lokacin da matsalar anti-Soviet ta riga ta fara rikicewa a duniya da ƙarfi da ƙarfi, ƙoƙari sun fara bayyana cewa babu wanda yake son ji - kowa ya san tabbas cewa Russia ta kashe fasinjoji 269 marasa laifi.
23. Canje-canje a cikin tsarin tattalin arziki, wanda aka aiwatar a cikin ɗan gajeren lokacin mulkin Andropov, ya buɗe hanya ga Gorbachev's perestroika. Har ma a lokacin, ƙungiyar kwadago da manajan kamfanoni sun sami ƙarin haƙƙoƙi, gwaje-gwaje sun fara a cikin wasu ma'aikatun.
24. Yuri Andropov yayi kokarin gudanar da daidaitattun manufofin kasashen waje. Amma lokacin yayi tsauri sosai don duk wani daidaitaccen dangantaka tsakanin USSR da Yamma. Shugaba Reagan ya ayyana Soviet Union a matsayin "Muguwar Daular", ya tura makamai masu linzami a Turai kuma ya ƙaddamar da shirin Star Wars. Babban sakataren Soviet ya kuma sami matsala game da lafiyarsa - an tsare shi a asibiti, ba zai iya kulla alaƙar sirri da shugabannin ƙasashen waje ba.
25. Ana zargin Andropov da wani mawuyacin hali na musamman da aka ɗauka dangane da shigar da sojoji cikin Afghanistan. Koyaya, yana ɗaya daga cikin masu magana uku a taron na Politburo, wanda ya yanke shawara mai ƙaddara.
