Ivan Stepanovich Konev (1897-1973) - kwamandan Soviet, Marshal na Tarayyar Soviet (1944), sau biyu Jarumi na Soviet Union, mai riƙe da Order of Nasara. Memba na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU.
Akwai tarihin gaskiya game da rayuwar Konev, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, kafin ku gajeriyar tarihin Ivan Konev.
Tarihin rayuwar Konev
An haifi Ivan Konev a ranar 16 ga Disamba (28), 1897 a ƙauyen Lodeino (lardin Vologda). Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dangin talauci Stepan Ivanovich da matarsa Evdokia Stepanovna. Baya ga Ivan, an haifi ɗa, Yakov a cikin dangin Konev.
Lokacin da kwamandan gaba ya kasance karami, mahaifiyarsa ta mutu, sakamakon haka mahaifinsa ya sake yin aure tare da wata mace mai suna Praskovya Ivanovna.
Tun yana yaro, Ivan ya tafi makarantar firamare, wacce ya kammala a shekarar 1906. Sannan ya ci gaba da karbar karatunsa a wata makarantar zemstvo. Bayan kammala karatu, ya fara aiki a masana'antar gandun daji.
Aikin soja
Komai ya tafi daidai har zuwa barkewar yakin duniya na farko (1914-1918). A lokacin bazara na 1916, an kira Konev don yin aiki a cikin sojojin manyan bindigogi. Ba da daɗewa ba ya hau kan mukamin ƙaramin jami'in da ba na kwamishina.
Bayan ɓarna a cikin 1918, Ivan ya shiga cikin Yaƙin basasa. Ya yi aiki a Gabas ta Gabas, inda yake da alama ya kasance kwamanda mai hazaka. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce ya shiga cikin danniyar sanannen tawayen Kronstadt, kasancewar shi kwamishinan hedkwatar rundunar sojojin Jamhuriyar Gabas ta Tsakiya.
A wannan lokacin, Konev ya riga ya kasance cikin sahun Jam'iyyar Bolshevik. A ƙarshen yakin, yana son haɗa rayuwarsa da ayyukan soja. Mutumin ya inganta "cancantar sa" a Makarantar Koyon Soja ta Red Army mai suna. Frunze, godiya ga abin da ya sami damar zama kwamandan ƙungiyar bindiga.
Shekara guda kafin barkewar Yaƙin Duniya na II (1939-1945), an ɗora Ivan Konev ya jagoranci rundunar Red Banner ta 2 daban. A cikin 1941, ya riga ya kasance laftanar janar, kwamandan runduna ta 19.
A lokacin Yaƙin Smolensk, tsarin Nazarin Sojoji na 19 ya kasance mai kewaye da Nazis, amma Konev da kansa ya iya guje wa ɗaurin talala, tun da ya sami nasarar janye ikon sojojin tare da rundunar sadarwa daga kewayen. Bayan haka, sojojinsa sun shiga cikin aikin Dukhovshchinsky.
Abin sha'awa, ayyukan Ivan sun sami yabo sosai daga Joseph Stalin, wanda tare da taimakonsa aka ba shi jagorancin jagorancin Yammacin Yammacin, kuma har ila yau aka ba shi matsayi na kanar-janar.
Koyaya, a ƙarƙashin umurnin Konev, Jamusawa sun ci sojojin Rasha a Vyazma. Dangane da ƙididdiga daban-daban, asarar mutane daga ɓangaren USSR ya kasance daga mutane 400,000 zuwa 700,000. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa ana iya harbe janar din.
A bayyane yake, wannan zai faru idan ba don c theto na Georgy Zhukov ba. Na biyun ya ba da shawarar nada Ivan Stepanovich a matsayin kwamandan Kalinin Front. A sakamakon haka, ya shiga yaƙin Moscow, haka ma a yaƙin Rzhev, inda Red Army ba ta sami nasara sosai ba.
Bayan wannan, sojojin Konev sun sake fuskantar wani shan kashi a cikin aikin kariya na Kholm-Zhirkovsky. Ba da daɗewa ba aka ba shi amanar jagorancin Western Front, amma saboda asarar rayukan ɗan adam ba da hujja ba, an sanya shi ya ba da umarnin ba da muhimmanci ga Arewa-Yammacin Gabas.
Koyaya, koda anan Ivan Konev ya kasa cimma burinsa. Sojojinsa sun kasa cimma nasara a aikin tsohuwar Rasha, sakamakon haka a lokacin bazara na 1943 ya karɓi jagorancin Stepe Front. Anan ne janar din ya nuna bajintarsa a matsayin kwamanda.
Konev ya bambanta kansa a yakin Kursk da yaƙin Dnieper, ya halarci yantar da Poltava, Belgorod, Kharkov da Kremenchug. Sannan ya aiwatar da babban aikin Korsun-Shevchenko, a lokacin da aka kawar da babbar ƙungiyar abokan gaba.
Don aikin da aka yi a cikin watan Fabrairun 1944, an ba Ivan Konev taken Marshal na USSR. A watan da ya biyo baya, ya gudanar da daya daga cikin hare-haren da sojojin Rasha suka fi samu - aikin Uman-Botoshan, inda a cikin wata guda da fada da sojojinsa suka ci gaba kilomita 300 yamma.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a ranar 26 ga Maris, 1944, sojojin Konev ne na farko a cikin Red Army, wanda ya sami damar ƙetare iyakar jihar, ya shiga yankin Romania. Bayan jerin yaƙe-yaƙe masu nasara a cikin Mayu 1944, an ba shi amintaccen jagorantar Frontungiyar Yammacin Turai ta 1.
A wannan lokacin na tarihin sa, Ivan Konev ya sami suna a matsayin babban kwamanda mai hazaka, wanda ke da ikon gudanar da ayyukan kariya da zagi. Ya sami ikon aiwatar da aikin Lvov-Sandomierz, wanda aka bayyana a cikin littattafan karatu kan al'amuran soja.
A yayin aiwatar da farmakin sojojin Rasha, an killace bangarorin abokan gaba 8, an mamaye yankunan yamma na USSR kuma an mamaye gada Sandomierz. A saboda wannan, an bai wa janar din taken Jarumin Tarayyar Soviet.
Bayan ƙarshen yaƙin, an tura Konev zuwa Austriya, inda ya jagoranci Centralungiyar Centralasa ta Tsakiya kuma ya kasance Babban Kwamishina. Bayan dawowarsa gida, ya yi aiki a ma'aikatun soja, yana jin daɗin girmamawa daga abokan aikinsa da 'yan ƙasa.
A shawarar Ivan Stepanovich, Lavrenty Beria an yanke masa hukuncin kisa. Wani abin birgewa shine Konev yana cikin wadanda suka goyi bayan fitar da Georgy Zhukov daga Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, wanda ya taba ceton ransa.
Rayuwar mutum
Tare da matarsa ta farko, Anna Voloshina, jami'in ya sadu da ƙuruciya. A cikin wannan auren, an haifi Helium da yarinya Maya.
Matar Konev ta biyu ita ce Antonina Vasilyeva, wacce ke aikin jinya. Masoyan sun hadu a tsayi na Babban Yaƙin rioasa (1939-1941). An tura yarinyar ga janar din ne domin ta taimaka da aikin gida lokacin da yake murmurewa daga wata mummunar cuta.
A cikin wannan haɗin iyali, an haifi ɗiya, Natalya. Lokacin da yarinyar ta girma, za ta rubuta littafin "Marshal Konev shine mahaifina", inda za ta bayyana abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa daga tarihin iyayenta.
Mutuwa
Ivan Stepanovich Konev ya mutu ranar 21 ga Mayu, 1973 daga cutar kansa yana da shekaru 75. An binne shi a bangon Kremlin, tare da duk darajar da ta dace.
Hoto daga Ivan Konev
