Leonid Alekseevich Filatov (1946-2003) - Soviet da Rasha gidan wasan kwaikwayo da kuma ɗan wasan kwaikwayo na fim, darektan fim, mawaƙi, marubuci, ɗan talla, mai gabatar da TV da kuma marubucin wasan kwaikwayo.
Mawallafin Mutane na Rasha kuma wanda ya sami lambar yabo ta Tarayyar Rasha a fagen silima da talabijin.
Akwai tarihin gaskiya game da Filatov, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, kafin ku gajeriyar tarihin Leonid Filatov.
Tarihin Filatov
An haifi Leonid Filatov a ranar 24 ga Disamba, 1946 a Kazan. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dangin gidan rediyon Alexei Eremeevich da matarsa Klavdia Nikolaevna.
Yara da samari
Filatov sau da yawa sukan canza wurin zama, tunda shugaban gidan dole ne ya ɓatar da lokaci mai yawa a balaguro.
Bala'i na farko a cikin tarihin Leonid ya faru ne yana da shekara 7, lokacin da iyayensa suka yanke shawarar barin. Sakamakon haka, ya kasance tare da mahaifinsa, wanda ya kai shi Ashgabat.
Bayan wani lokaci, mahaifiyar ta shawo kan danta don ya koma wajenta a Penza. Koyaya, kasancewa tare da mahaifiyarsa ƙasa da shekaru 2, Leonid ya sake barin mahaifinsa. A lokacin karatunsa, ya fara rubuta ƙananan ayyuka waɗanda aka buga a cikin bugawar Ashgabat.
Don haka, Filatov ya fara samun kuɗin sa na farko. Kusan lokaci guda, ya haɓaka sha'awar fasahar silima. Ya karanta majallu na musamman da yawa kuma ya kalli duk fina-finai, gami da shirye-shiryen bidiyo.
Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa Leonid Filatov ya yanke shawarar shiga VGIK a sashen bayar da umarni.
Bayan samun takardar shaidar, ya tafi Moscow, yana so ya zama ɗalibin sananniyar makarantar, amma ba zai iya cimma burinsa ba.
Bisa ga shawarar aboki na makaranta, saurayin yayi ƙoƙarin shiga makarantar Shchukin don sashin aiki. Ya sami nasarar cin jarabawa kuma yayi karatun wasan kwaikwayo tsawon shekaru 4.
Ya kamata a lura cewa Filatov bai nuna sha'awar karatu ba, galibi yana tsallake karatu da halartar fina-finan da ba a hukuma ba wanda aka ɓoye a matsayin tattaunawa. A wannan lokaci na tarihin rayuwa, ya ci gaba da shiga rubuce-rubuce.
Gidan wasan kwaikwayo
Bayan kammala karatun kwaleji a 1969, Leonid ya sami aiki a sanannen gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Taganka. A cikin samarwa "Me za a yi?" ya sami babban matsayi na farko. Daga baya ya buga wasanni da yawa, gami da The Cherry Orchard, The Master da Margarita da Pugacheva.
Lokacin da shahararrun bala'in Shakespeare Hamlet ya kasance a cikin gidan wasan kwaikwayo, Filatov ya sami matsayin Horatio. A cewar mai wasan kwaikwayon, ya ɗauka a matsayin babban sa'a cewa ya sami damar yin aiki tare da masu fasaha irin su Vladimir Vysotsky da Bulat Okudzhava.
A tsakiyar 80s, Leonid ya yi wasa na 'yan shekaru a kan mataki na Sovremennik, tun lokacin da shugabancin Taganka Theater ya canza. Maimakon Yuri Lyubimov, an hana shi zama ɗan ƙasa a ƙarƙashin wata dabara - wata hira da manema labarai na ƙasashen waje, Anatoly Efros ya zama sabon shugaba.
Filatov yayi suka game da nadin Efros. Bugu da ƙari, ya shiga cikin tsanantawar sa, wanda daga baya ya yi nadama da gaske. Jarumin ya koma garinsa na asali "Taganka" a shekarar 1987.
Fina-finai
A karo na farko a kan babban allo, Leonid ya bayyana a cikin 1970, yana wasa ƙaramin matsayi a cikin melodrama "Birnin Loveaunar Farko". Nasararsa ta farko ta zo ne bayan yin fim ɗin bala'in "Crew", inda aka canza shi zuwa injiniyan jirgin sama mai kauna.
Bayan wannan rawar, Filatov ya sami shahararren Rasha. Sannan ya taka rawa a manyan fina-finai kamar su "Daga Maraice zuwa Tsakar rana", "Rooks", "Zaɓaɓɓu", "Chicherin" da sauransu. Ayyukan da suka fi nasara tare da kasancewarsa sun kasance "Forarfin Mearashi don utewaɗa" da "Birnin Zero".
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a cewar masanin kimiyyar siyasa Sergei Kara-Murza, "City of Zero" wani yanayi ne da aka ɓoye da misalinsa wanda USSR ta rushe.
A cikin 1990, mutumin ya rikide ya zama ma'aikacin hukuma a cikin mummunan Yaran ofan Bitch. A cikin wannan fim ɗin, Leonid Filatov ya yi aiki a matsayin ɗan wasan kwaikwayo, darekta da kuma rubutun rubutu. Abin sha'awa, an dauki wannan fim a cikin kwanaki 24 kawai.
A yayin daukar fim din "Yara na raunin" Leonid Alekseevich ya gamu da bugun jini a kafafunsa, amma har yanzu yana ci gaba da aiki. A wannan lokacin na tarihin sa, sau da yawa yakan kasance cikin damuwa, yana shan sigari 2-3 na sigari a rana.
Duk wannan ya haifar da tabarbarewar lafiyar mawakiyar. Matsayi na ƙarshe na Filatov shi ne wasan kwaikwayo na halin ɗabi'a "itywallon ityauna", inda ya taka rawar gani.
TV
A cikin 1994, fitowar farko ta shirin "Don a tuna da shi" an sake shi a gidan talabijin na Rasha. Ya yi magana game da masu hazaka, amma waɗanda aka manta da su. Wannan aikin ya zama ɗayan mahimminci ga Leonid.
Filatov ya kasance mai daukar nauyin shirin tsawon shekaru 10. A wannan lokacin, an yi fim sama da 100 na "Don Tunawa". Don aikinsa, Leonid Alekseevich ya sami lambar yabo ta Rasha a fannin fasaha.
Ayyukan adabi
A cikin shekarun 60, Filatov, tare da haɗin gwiwar Vladimir Kachan, sun rubuta waƙoƙi. Bayan shekaru 30, an fitar da faifan "Orange Cat".
Labarin almara na farko "Game da Fedot maharbin, wani ɗan fasa" Leonid ya rubuta a cikin 1985. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, an buga tatsuniyar cikin tatsuniyar "Matasa".
Wannan aikin ya cika da raɗaɗi da maganganun ɓarna. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin 2008 an harbe wani zane mai ban dariya bisa ga Fedot the Archer. Waɗannan mashahuran masu fasaha kamar Chulpan Khamatova, Alexander Revva, Sergey Bezrukov da Viktor Sukhorukov sun shiga cikin ƙwallayen.
Kamar yadda yake a yau, wannan tatsuniya ta sami matsayin tatsuniya. A tsawon shekarun tarihinsa na kirkire kirkire, Filatov ya zama marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo da yawa, ciki har da "The Cuckoo Clock", "Stagecoach", "Martin Eden", "Da zarar Bayan Wani Lokaci a California" da sauransu da yawa.
Marubucin ya wallafa littattafai da dama, ciki har da "Loveauna don lemu Uku", "Lysistrata", "Gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Leonid Filatov" da "Childrenan Bitch". A cikin 1998, ya lashe kyautar mujallar Oktoba ta shekara-shekara don wasan kwaikwayo Lysistrata.
A lokacin, lafiyar Filatov ta tabarbare sosai, amma ya ci gaba da rubutu. Daga baya aka haɗa ayyukansa cikin tarin "Mutunta Sa'a".
Rayuwar mutum
Matar farko ta Leonid ita ce 'yar wasan kwaikwayo Lydia Savchenko. Akwai cikakkiyar magana tsakanin ma'aurata har sai mutumin ya ƙaunaci wata 'yar fim - Nina Shatskaya, wacce ta auri Valery Zolotukhin.
Da farko dai, abokan aiki sun kalli juna sosai, amma ba da daɗewa ba soyayyar su ta girma ta zama soyayyar guguwa. Nina da Leonid sun hadu a asirce tsawon shekaru 12. Sun rabu sau da yawa, amma sai suka sake fara dangantaka.
Sakin auren duka ya kasance mai zafi sosai. Filatov ya rabu da Lydia, ya bar mata gida. Bayan haka, ya auri Nina Shatskaya, wanda tare da shi ya san ainihin farin cikin iyali. A cikin kowane aure, Leonid ba shi da yara.
Koyaya, mutumin ya ɗauki Denis, ɗan matarsa ta farko, kamar nasa. Ya sa saurayin ya shiga VGIK, yayin da yake biyan karatunsa. Koyaya, Denis daga baya ya yanke shawarar zama malami.
Mutuwa
A shekarar 1993, Leonid Filatov ya gamu da bugun jini, kuma bayan shekaru 4 sai aka cire masa koda. A saboda wannan dalili, an tilasta masa ya kwashe kimanin shekaru 2 akan aikin hemodialysis - kayan aikin "koda mai wucin gadi". A lokacin bazarar 1997, an yi masa aikin dashen koda.
A jajibirin mutuwarsa, mutumin ya kamu da ciwon sanyi, wanda ya haifar da ci gaban cutar huhun huhu. Ba da daɗewa ba aka kai shi sashin kulawa mai tsanani, inda yake cikin mawuyacin hali. Bayan kwanaki 10 ba a yi nasarar jinya ba, jarumin ya tafi. Leonid Filatov ya mutu a ranar 26 ga Oktoba, 2003 yana da shekara 56.
Hotunan Filatov
