Tafiya ta sa'a guda daga St.Petersburg, a kan wani karamin tsibiri na Tekun Gini na Finland, yana tsaye ne da Vyborg Castle - dutse mai ƙarfi a ƙarni na 13. Ya girmi babban birnin arewacin Rasha sosai kuma shekarunsa ɗaya da Vyborg. Gidan sarauta na musamman ne saboda tarihinta da kuma matakin adana asalin ginin. Matakan gini, kammalawa da sake gina ganuwar birni da hasumiyoyi sun zama abin tarihin tarihin wannan yanki da samuwar iyakokin arewa maso yamma na ƙasar Rasha. Yawancin hanyoyi masu yawon bude ido suna kaiwa ga gidan, ana gudanar da bukukuwa da kide kide da wake-wake anan, ana yin balaguro koyaushe.
Tarihin katafaren gidan Vyborg
Cin nasara da sabbin ƙasashe, Swedenwa, yayin Yaƙin Jihadi na 3, sun zaɓi wani tsibiri a mashigar ruwa ta Finland, wanda a can ya kasance gidan yari na ƙabilar Karelian. Don zama matsakaiciyar matsayi a ƙasar Karelian, 'yan Sweden sun lalata shingen' yan asalin ƙasar kuma suka gina sansaninsu na tsaro - hasumiyar dutse mai hawa huɗu (murabba'in diamita) da ke kewaye da bango.
Ba a zabi wurin da za a gina sabon sansanin kwatsam ba: babban matsayi a kan dutse mai dutse ya ba da karfi a kan kewaye, da dama da dama ga rundunonin sojoji yayin nazarin filayen, yayin karewa da karewa daga abokan gaba. Bayan wannan, babu buƙatar tonon rami, shingen ruwa ya riga ya wanzu. Zaɓin rukunin ginin ya kasance mai hikima sosai - sansanin soja cikin nasara ya tabbatar da lafiyar jiragen ruwan Swedishan ƙasar Sweden kuma bai taɓa miƙa wuya yayin kewayewa ba.
Hasumiyar ta sami sunan ta ne don girmamawa ga St. Olaf, kuma garin, wanda aka kafa a cikin ganuwar da kuma ci gaba a cikin babban yankin, ana kiransa "Fortarfafa Mai Tsarki", ko Vyborg. Wannan ya kasance a cikin 1293. Wanda ya kafa garin, kamar Vyborg Castle kansa, ana ɗaukarsa ɗan ƙasar Sweden Marshal Knutsson, wanda ya shirya kame Western Karelia.
Shekara guda bayan haka, sojojin Novgorod suka yi ƙoƙari su sake tsibirin, amma ingantaccen ginin Vyborg ya rayu a lokacin. Bai yi kasa a gwiwa ba sama da shekaru 300, kuma duk wannan lokacin yana hannun Sweden.
Don haka, a cikin 1495, Ivan na III ya kewaye garin tare da sojoji masu yawa. Russia ta aminta da nasara, amma wannan bai faru ba. Tarihi ya adana tatsuniya game da "Vyborg Thunder" da matsafa-gwamna, wanda yayi umarni da ɗaukar babbar "kaskon wuta" a ƙarƙashin rumbun hasumiyar ɗayan lokacin da ya rage. An cika ta da muguwar maganin gunduwa da sauran abubuwa masu ƙonewa. Hasumiyar ta busa, waɗanda aka kewaye da shi ya sake yin nasara a yaƙin.
Yaƙe-yaƙe akai-akai, wani lokaci tare da gobara da fata na sauya gwamnonin Sweden, sun ba da gudummawa ba kawai ga maidowa da maido da ganuwar ba, har ma da gina sabon ofis da wuraren zama, gami da hasumiyar tsaro tare da ramuka. A cikin karni na 16, sansanin soja ya fara kamannin da muke gani a yau; a cikin ƙarni masu zuwa, canje-canje ba su da muhimmanci. Saboda haka, Fadar Vyborg ta ci nasarar matsayin abin tarihi ne kawai na zamanin da na gine-ginen soja a Yammacin Turai.
Har ilayau, Fadar Vyborg ta yanke shawarar komawa Rasha Peter I. Zangon katanga a Tsibirin Castle ya ɗauki tsawon watanni biyu, kuma a ranar 12 ga Yuni, 1710 ya miƙa wuya. Yayin da ake karfafa kan iyakokin Rasha kuma aka gina wasu sansanoni, mahimmancin Vyborg a matsayin sansanin soja ya zama sannu a hankali, an fara samun gungun sojoji a nan, sannan kuma rumbunan ajiya da gidan yari. A tsakiyar karni na 19, an fitar da gidan daga sashin soja, kuma an fara sake gina shi a matsayin gidan kayan tarihin. Amma ya buɗe ne kawai a cikin 1960, bayan garin ya kasance ɓangare na Finland a cikin 1918 kuma ya dawo zuwa USSR a 1944.
Bayani kan kagara
Tsibirin Castle karami ne, m 122x170 ne kawai. Daga bakin tekun zuwa tsibirin akwai Gadar Castle, wacce aka rataye da makullai - sabbin ma'auratan sun haɗa su da layin dogo tare da begen dogon rayuwar iyali.
Daga nesa mutum zai hango hasumiyar St. Olaf mai hawa hawa 7, kaurin ƙananan ganuwarta ya kai mita 4. A cikin ginshiƙin da kuma a matakin farko, ana ajiye kayayyaki, ana tsare da fursunoni, a hawa na biyu gwamnan Sweden da mutanensa suka rayu. Babban gini mai hawa 5 na sansanin soja yana haɗe da hasumiyar, inda a da akwai ɗakuna da ɗakuna na biki, zauren dawakai, kuma bene na sama da nufin tsaro.
Hasumiyar gidan ba ta haɗu da bangon waje ba, wanda ke da kauri har zuwa 2 m kuma tsayinsa ya kai mita 7. Daga cikin dukkan hasumiyoyin bangon waje na Fadar Vyborg, theayan Tudun ne da Hallakin Gari ne kawai suka rayu har zuwa yau. Yawancin katangar sun ruguje yayin yawaita faɗa, luguden wuta da yaƙe-yaƙe. A gefen kewayen tsohuwar sansanin, wani bangare na gidajen zama inda rukunin sojoji ya kasance ya tsira.
Gidan kayan gargajiya "Vyborg Castle"
Babban abin sha'awa tsakanin masu yawon bude ido yayin ziyartar sansanin soja shi ne dakin kallo, wanda ke saman bene na tsaunin St. Olaf. Duk wanda yake son hawa kan dutsen yana hawa matakai 239, yana da damar taɓa hannayensa da tarihin kansa - duwatsun da ke tuna yawan zage-zage, jaruntakar sojoji, rashin nasara mai ɗaci da nasarori masu ɗaukaka.
Daga windows na tsakiyar benaye, zaku iya ganin mahallin kewaye: gine-ginen sansanin soja, gine-ginen birni. Hawan sama ba sauki, amma irin wannan hoton mai ban mamaki yana buɗewa daga ɗakin kallo cewa an manta duk matsalolin. Ruwan Gulf of Finland, gada mai kyau, da rufin launuka iri-iri na gidajen birni, ana tambayar masu hoto na babban cocin. Babban ra'ayi na birni yana nuna kwatankwacin titunan Tallinn da Riga. Jagorori suna ba da shawara don duba nesa don ganin Finland, amma a zahiri, nesa fiye da kilomita 30 da ƙyar zai ba da izinin wannan. Don adana ƙimar tarihinta, an rufe hasumiya da ɗakin kallo don sake ginawa tun watan Fabrairun 2017.
Muna ba ku shawara ku kalli Gidan Mir.
Gidan kayan gargajiya koyaushe yana sabunta bayanansa: tsoffin mashahuran suna faɗaɗa, sababbi suna buɗewa. Nunin dindindin ya haɗa da:
- bayyani game da masana'antu da aikin gona na yankin;
- baje kolin da aka sadaukar domin kyawun yanayin Karelian Isthmus;
- bayani ne game da rayuwar garin yayin yakin duniya na biyu.
Mafi yawan kwararar 'yan yawon bude ido zuwa Vyborg ana lura da su a lokacin ranakun bukukuwa na tarihi. Fadar Vyborg tana daukar bakuncin wasannin motsa jiki, koyar da darasi kan koyar da wasu ayyukan kere kere, misali, harbi kibiya, ko raye-raye na zamani. A cikin gasa da yawa, ana sake aiwatar da sake fadace-fadace na ainihi, inda duka ƙafa da dawakan dawakai a cikin kayan yaƙi ke shiga.
Minwararrun kade-kade na zamani suna wasa a yankin sansanin soja, ana gudanar da wasan wuta, kuma jarumai masu ado sun gayyaci 'yan kallo don raye-raye, shigar da su cikin wasanni. Wuraren nishaɗi daban suna jiran baƙi matasa, waɗanda ta hanyar wasa kuma sun saba da tarihin wannan yankin. Garin yana rayuwa ne yayin bukukuwa, ana yin wasanni da kuma wasan wuta a maraice a ciki. Amma har ma a cikin ranaku na yau da kullun a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya, an yarda wa kowa ya sake rayuwa a matsayin jarumi na d, a, squire. 'Yan mata suna gwada hannayensu a kayan gargajiya, da samari - a cikin saƙar wasiƙar wasiƙa. Hakanan, fadar Vyborg tana daukar nauyin wasannin motsa jiki, bukukuwan fina-finai, kade-kade da wake-wake da jazz, da wasannin opera.
Duk wani mazaunin Vyborg zai nuna alkibla da adireshin sansanin soja: Tsibirin Zamkovy, 1. Zaku iya zuwa tsibirin ta Gadar Karfi daga 9:00 zuwa 19:00, shigar kyauta da kyauta. Amma gidan kayan gargajiya yana bude ne kawai a wasu lokuta, lokutan aiki na yau da kullun, banda Litinin, lokutan buɗewa daga 10:00 zuwa 18:00. Farashin tikiti ya yi ƙasa - 80 rubles na ’yan fansho da ɗalibai, 100 rubles na manya, yara sun shiga kyauta.
