Chichen Itza yana ɗayan thean ƙanann garuruwan da aka maido da ɓangarorin su yayin rami. Tana cikin Meziko kusa da Cancun. A baya can, ita ce cibiyar siyasa da al'adu ta wayewar Mayan. Kuma kodayake a yau mazauna yankin sun watsar da yankin, jan hankalin kayan tarihi ne na UNESCO, don haka masu yawon buɗe ido suna zuwa don ganin tsoffin gine-ginen ba a cikin hoton ba, amma da idanunsu.
Takaitaccen tarihin Chichen Itza
Daga tarihi, kowa ya san game da ƙabilar Mayan, amma a lokacin da Spaniards suka sauka a yankin Yucatan, ƙauyukan da ke watse ne kawai suka rage daga yawancin jama'a. Tsohon garin Chichen Itza tabbataccen tabbaci ne cewa sau ɗaya wayewa tana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma ilimin da yake da shi na iya ba da mamaki har ma a yau.
Farkon ginin garin ya faro ne tun daga karni na 6. Ana iya rarraba gine-gine zuwa lokaci biyu: al'adun Mayan da Toltec. Gine-ginen farko sun bayyana a cikin ƙarni na 6-7, an sake gina gine-gine masu zuwa bayan kwace yankin da Toltecs a cikin karni na 10.
A cikin 1178, an lalata birnin kwata-kwata bayan mamayar Hunak Keel. A cikin 1194, cibiyar da ke ci gaba a baya kusan ba kowa. Har yanzu ana amfani dashi don dalilai na aikin hajji, amma saboda dalilan da ba a sani ba, mazauna ba su dawo cikin birni ba tare da gine-gine marasa ban mamaki da abubuwan ci gaba a wancan lokacin. A cikin karni na 16, an riga an yi watsi da shi gaba daya, saboda masu nasara na Spain sun zo kango ne kawai.
Jan hankali na tsohon gari
Lokacin ziyartar Chichen Itza, yana da wuya a yi biris da manyan gine-ginen birni, wanda har yau suna mamakin girman su. Katin ziyarar shine Haikalin Kukulkan, dala mai tsayin mita 24. Mayaka suna bautar halittun allahntaka a cikin sifar macizai masu fuka-fukai, don haka suka boye wata mu'ujiza mai ban mamaki a cikin fasalin fasalin Dala na Kukulkan.
A ranakun kaka da na bazara, hasken rana na sauka kan gangaren ginin don su samar da inuwar wasu alwatika masu kusurwa bakwai. Waɗannan sifofi na sihiri suna haɗuwa cikin dunƙule ɗaya kuma suna yin maciji mai rarrafe tare da dala mai auna mita 37. Kallon wasan yana kusan awanni 3.5 kuma a kowace shekara yana tara taro mai yawa kewaye da shi.
Hakanan, yayin balaguro, dole ne su faɗi game da Haikali na Jarumi da Haikalin Jaguars, waɗanda aka zana da zane daban-daban. A gidan ibada na Jarumawa, kana iya ganin kangon ginshiƙai dubu, kowane ɗauke da hotunan mayaƙa an zana shi. A waccan zamanin, ilimin taurari yana da matukar mahimmanci ga mazaunan, don haka ba abin mamaki bane cewa akwai gidan kallo a tsohon garin. Matakalar tana da siffar karkace, saboda haka ana kiran ginin Karakol, wanda ake fassararsa da “katantanwa”.
Ofaya daga cikin wurare masu ban tsoro a cikin birni shine Cenote Mai Alfarma, inda akwai rijiya da ragowar dabbobi da mutane. A lokacin zamanin Toltec, sadaukarwa ta taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin addini, amma an sami kwarangwal da yara da yawa a nan. Masana kimiyya har yanzu ba su sami abin da ya sa ake buƙatar yara don ayyukan tsafi ba. Wataƙila wannan sirrin zai ɓoye a cikin ganuwar Chichen Itza.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
Ga Maya, ilimin taurari an sanya shi a kan komai, yawancin nuances a cikin gine-gine suna da alaƙa da yanayin lokaci da abubuwan kalanda. Don haka, alal misali, Haikalin Kukulkan ya ƙunshi matakai tara, a kowane gefe tsani yana raba dala a rabi. A sakamakon haka, an kafa tiers 18, adadin watanni a cikin kalandar Mayan. Kowane daga cikin matakala hudu yana da matakai daidai 91, wanda gabaɗaya tare da matakalar sama ya zama guda 365, wanda shine adadin kwanaki a shekara.
Abin sha'awa, mazaunan wurin suna son yin tukunyar-ta-pok da ƙwallo. Wuraren wasanni da yawa sun tabbatar da hakan. Babba yana da tsawon mita 135 kuma faɗi ya kai mita 68. Akwai gidajen ibada kewaye da shi, daya a kowane bangare na duniya. Jagororin galibi suna nuna muku yadda zaku isa filin wasanni da bayyana ƙa'idojin wasan.
Zai zama abin sha'awa a gare ku ku karanta game da garin Machu Picchu.
Chichen Itza zai iya samun sauƙin mamaki, saboda birni yana birge shi da girman sa. Da alama duk abin da ke ciki an yi la'akari da shi zuwa ƙaramin daki-daki, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ba a bayyana ga abin da dalilan mazaunan suka bar shi ba. Asirin tarihi, watakila, zai kasance har abada ba a warware shi ba, kuma wannan ya fi ban sha'awa ga masu yawon bude ido.
