St. Peter's Basilica, wanda ke cikin Italiya, arewacin tsakiyar Rome, shine babban wurin bautar ga duk masu bin Katolika. Haikali abin alfahari ne na ƙaramar ƙasa amma mai ƙarfi ta Vatican, ya cika aikin diocese na Paparoma. Gine-ginen gine-ginen da aka zartar a cikin salon Baroque na Renaissance. A cikin bangon ginin an adana abubuwa da yawa, ƙwararrun mashahuran masu fasaha da masu sassaka abubuwan da suka gabata.
Matakai na ginin babban cocin St. Peter
Wararrun ƙwararrun masanan Italianasar Italiya sun halarci aikin ginin ginin na musamman. Tarihin halittar haikalin ya fara a 1506. A wannan lokacin, wani maƙerin gine-gine mai suna Donato Bramante ya ba da shawarar zane don tsari mai kama da gicciyen Girka. Maigidan ya ba da babban ɓangaren rayuwarsa don yin aiki a kan kyakkyawan ginin, kuma bayan mutuwarsa, Raphael Santi ya ci gaba da aikin da ke da alhakin, ya maye gurbin gicciyen Girka da na Latin.
A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, Baldassare Peruzzi, Michelangelo Buonarotti ne suka aiwatar da ci gaban St. Peter's Cathedral a Rome. Latterarshen ya ba da gudummawa ga ƙarfafa kafuwar, ya ba da fasalin ginin abin tunawa, an yi masa ado ta ƙara da ɗakunan ajiya da yawa a ƙofar.
A farkon rabin karni na 17, bisa umarnin Paul V, mai zanen Carlo Maderno ya fadada bangaren gabashin ginin. A gefen yamma, Paparoma ya ba da umarnin gina facin mita 48, wanda waliyyai masu tsayin mita 6 a yanzu suke - Yesu Kiristi, John mai Baftisma da sauransu.
Ginin filin kusa da St. Peter's Basilica an damka shi ga Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini, ƙwararren matattarar magini. Godiya ga hazikan da ba za a iya musantawa ba, wannan wurin ya zama ɗayan kyawawan kayan haɗin gine-gine a cikin Italiya.
Babban mahimmin filin da ke gaban haikalin shi ne saukar da manyan taruka na masu bi wadanda suka zo don albarkar Paparoman ko kuma shiga cikin lamuran Katolika. Baya ga shirya dandalin, an san Bernini saboda rawar da yake takawa a cikin aikin ginin haikalin - yana da abubuwa da yawa, waɗanda dama sun zama ɗayan mafi kyawun ɓangaren kayan ado na ciki.
Yana da ban sha'awa a sani - a cikin karnin da ya gabata, masanan zane-zane da gine-gine lokaci-lokaci suna gabatar da sabbin abubuwa cikin ƙirar haikalin. A cikin 1964, mai ginin Giacomo Manzu yana aikin kammala "workingofar Mutuwa".
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Basilica na St.
St. Peter's Basilica yana burge da girma da girmanta. Anan ga wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa game da wannan babban haikalin wanda zai iya burge mai bi da mai tauhidi:
- Aya daga cikin mahimman abubuwan tarihi na Kirista ana ajiye su a babban coci - mashin Longinus, wanda da shi ne ya huda Yesu Kristi da aka gicciye.
- Dangane da tsayi, basilica tana matsayi na 10 tsakanin sauran gine-ginen Katolika da na Orthodox a duk duniya (ya kai 137 m).
- Haikalin ana ɗaukarsa shine wurin da ake zaton kabarin manzo Bitrus ne, wanda Paparoma ya fara sa masa suna (a baya bagadin yana sama da wurin binnewar wannan waliyyin).
- Ginin zai iya daukar aƙalla mutane 60,000 idan ya cancanta.
- Shahararren dandalin St. Peter na duniya, wanda yake kan yankin wurin bautar, an tsara shi a cikin siffar maɓallin maɓalli.
- Don hawa zuwa saman dome na gidan ibada na Kirista, kuna buƙatar shawo kan matakai 871 (an samar da lif don baƙi da ƙoshin lafiya).
- Shahararren dutsen kabari "Pieta" ("Makoki na Kristi"), na hannun Michelangelo, a farkon shekarun 70s. na baya karni da aka h subre biyu kisan kai bi da bi. Don adana gwaninta daga yuwuwar shigowa, an kiyaye ta tare da kwalliyar bulletproof.
- Dangane da umarnin Emperor Paul I na Rasha, St. Peter's Cathedral ya zama samfuri don gina Cocin Kazan wanda yake a cikin St. Petersburg. Duk da cewa fasalin cikin gida na tsarin yana da halaye nasa, kamannin yawancin bayanai a bayyane yake.
Duk da shekarun babban cocin, St. Peter's Cathedral har yanzu yana riƙe da taken mafi mahimmancin cocin Katolika, yana jawo mabiya daga ko'ina cikin duniya kowace shekara.
Bayanin tsarin ciki na babban cocin
Girman girman cikin babban cocin yana da ban sha'awa. An rarraba haikalin a hanya ta musamman - ƙusoshin uku (ɗakuna masu tsayi tare da ginshiƙai a gefuna). Tsakiyar tsakiyar ruwa ya rabu da sauran ta hanyar ɗakunan da aka harba game da tsayin 23 m kuma aƙalla 13 m.
A ƙofar wurin bautar, akwai farkon wani zane wanda ya kai tsawan mita 90, yana ɗaure a ƙarshen ƙafafun bagaden. Ofaya daga cikin bakunan (na ƙarshe a cikin babban rami) an rarrabe shi da kasancewar adon tagulla na Bitrus a ciki. Kowace shekara, tarin mahajjata suna ƙoƙari su ga mutum-mutumin, da fatan su taɓa shi, su sami warkarwa da taimako.
Hankalin duk baƙi zuwa haikalin koyaushe yana jan hankalin diski da aka yi da jan baƙaƙen Masar. Wannan shafin na babban cocin ya shiga cikin tarihi saboda a shekara ta 800 durƙusawa Charlemagne ya tsaya a kansa, kuma a zamanin da - masu mulkin Turai da yawa.
Sha'awa ta samo asali ne daga abubuwan hannun Lorenzo Bernini, wanda ya sadaukar da shekaru da dama ga wurin bautar kirista da babban cocinsa. Babban abin lura shi ne mutum-mutumin Longinus wanda wannan marubucin ya yi, babban kevorium mai kama da alfarwa da ke tsaye a kan ginshiƙai, da kuma mimbarin Manzo Bitrus.
Bayani mai amfani - ɗaukar hoto a cikin babban coci ana ba da izinin kawai a wasu wurare, ba tare da amfani da walƙiya ba.
Mahimmin bayani don yawon bude ido
Akwai ƙaƙƙarfan lambar tufafi a kan yankin babban cocin Katolika, iko wanda aka ɗora wa kafadun ma'aikata na musamman. Ba a ba da izinin baƙi damar zuwa haikalin cikin tufafin da ba su isa ba, takalmi irin na bakin teku. Mata su kasance suna da ɓoyayyun hannaye da kafaɗu, sutura ko siket na iya tsayi ne kawai (yana da kyau a daina wando da wandon jeans). Kada maza su bayyana a yankin babban cocin a cikin T-shirt da gajeren wando a buɗe.
Ga 'yan matan da ke sha'awar hawa dutsen kallo, babu takunkumi masu tsauri kan zaɓin tufafi. Koyaya, bayan gangarowar, ana iya tambayar yawon bude ido cikin sutturar sutura ya bar diocese ɗin, ya ƙi shiga babban cocin kuma ya ci gaba da balaguro.
Ziyara zuwa gidajen kayan tarihi da ke kan yankin St. Peter's Basilica sun ɗan tsaya kaɗan - awa ɗaya kafin lokacin rufewa da aka nuna a cikin lokutan buɗewa.
Yadda ake zuwa St Basilica na St.
Kafin zuwa wuri mai tsarki, kuna buƙatar fayyace inda girman kan Krista a duniya yake. Katolika yana a cikin Vatican, Piazza San Pietro, 00120 Città del Vaticano.
Don hana ɓata lokaci mai yawa a tafiya zuwa haikalin daga sassa daban-daban na birni, ana ba da shawarar zaɓar otal ko otal a kusa da wurin bautar Kirista. Yankin da ke kewaye yana cike da zaɓuɓɓukan wurare daban-daban, yana ba ku damar zaɓar wuri tare da kyakkyawan gani na babban cocin.
Muna bada shawara mu kalli Cathedral na St. Mark.
Ga masu yawon bude ido da ke nesa da haikalin, yana da amfani sanin yadda ake zuwa yankunanta. Kuna iya ɗaukar layin metro A (tashar Ottaviana). Hakanan ya dace don sauka daga tashar Termini ta bas bas mai lamba 64, 40. Sauran hanyoyin suna bin haikalin - No. 32, 62, 49, 81, 271, 271.
Cathedral bude hours
An ba Peter's Basilica damar ziyarta daga 7:00 zuwa 19:00. Daga Oktoba zuwa Maris, baƙi za su iya zama a cikin basilica har zuwa 18:30.
An kebe Laraba don masu sauraren Paparoma. A wannan rana ta mako, ana buɗe haikalin ga masu yawon buɗe ido da ƙarfe 13:00.
Akwai jadawalin mai zuwa don hawa hawa:
- Afrilu-Satumba - 8: 00-18: 00.
- Oktoba-Maris - buɗewa awanni 8: 00-17: 00.
Ziyarci babban coci kyauta ne ga dukkan rukunin maziyarta. Don duba nune-nunen da ke cikin gidajen tarihi, kuna buƙatar siyan tikiti bayan tsayawa a cikin dogon layi.
An ba da izinin shiga gidan kayan gargajiya a cikin Nuwamba-Fabrairu daga 10:00 zuwa 13:45. Lokacin da hutun Kirsimeti na Turai ya zo, ana ba da lokacin da aka keɓe don kallon abubuwa da yawa har zuwa 4:45 na yamma. A ranakun mako daga Maris zuwa Oktoba, zaure tare da baje kolin fara aiki a 10:00 kuma ya ƙare da 16:45 (a ranar Asabar da 14:15).
Kuna iya ziyartar wuraren baje kolin kyauta ba fiye da sau ɗaya a wata ba (tare da zuwan ranar Lahadi ta ƙarshe, daga 9:00 zuwa 13:45) kuma a ranar 27 ga Satumba (wannan ranar an keɓe ta ne don bikin Ranar Yawon Bude Ido ta Duniya).