Dutsen Etna shine dutsen mafi girma a cikin Turai, tare da kwararar ruwa mai ɓarkewa koyaushe daga gare shi, yana lalata ƙauyuka duka. Duk da hatsarin da ke lulluɓe a cikin stratovolcano, mazaunan tsibirin Sicily suna amfani da kyaututtukansa don haɓaka aikin noma, saboda ƙasar da ke kusa tana da wadatattun abubuwa.
Bayanin Dutsen Etna
Ga waɗanda ba su san inda dutsen mafi girma a cikin Turai yake ba, yana da kyau a lura cewa yana kan yankin Italiya, amma ba shi da ikon kawo illa ga jihar, saboda an raba shi da babban ɓangarensa ta bakin teku. Ana iya kiran 'yan ƙasar Siciliyan mutane na musamman waɗanda suka koyi zama kusa da maigidan tsibirin mai zafin rai, wanda haɗin ginin ƙasa ya kasance 37 ° 45 ′ 18 ″ latitude arewa da 14 ° 59 ′ 43 long gabas mai nisa.
Latitude da longitude suna nuna mahimmin matsayi na stratovolcano, kodayake yana da rami fiye da ɗaya. Aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane watanni biyu zuwa uku, ɗayan maƙogwaron ya yi ta huda lava, wanda galibi yakan kai ƙananan ƙauyuka a ƙasan Etna. Matsakaicin tsayi a cikin mita shine 3329, amma wannan ƙimar tana canzawa akan lokaci saboda samuwar yadudduka daga hayaki mai fitad da wuta. Don haka, kimanin ƙarni da rabi da suka wuce, Etna ya fi mita 21 girma. Yankin wannan ƙaton yana da girman 1250 sq. km, ya wuce Vesuvius, saboda haka sananne ne a duk Turai.
Babban halayen Etna shine tsarin shimfidarsa, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake kiran sa stratovolcano. An ƙirƙira shi a mahaɗar faranti biyu na tectonic, wanda, saboda canje-canje, ya ba da izinin kwararar ruwan lava zuwa farfajiya. Siffar dutsen mai fitad da wuta yana da kwalliya, kamar yadda aka kirkireshi kowace shekara daga toka, tsawan lava da tephra. Dangane da ƙididdigar kimantawa, Etna ya bayyana shekaru dubu 500 da suka gabata kuma a wannan lokacin ya ɓarke fiye da sau 200. Har wa yau, yana cikin matakin aiki, wanda ke haifar da damuwa tsakanin mazauna ƙasar.
Tarihin dutsen mai fitad da wuta
Tun da Dutsen Etna shine mafi girman dutsen mai fitad da wuta a ɓangaren Turai, akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa game da shi. A cewar daya daga cikinsu, dutsen kurkuku ne inda katuwar Enceladus take. Athena ta lulluɓe shi a ƙarƙashin masassarar, amma lokaci-lokaci ɗan fursunan na ƙoƙarin wucewa ta cikin kaurin, don haka ranshi mai zafi ya tsere daga cikin ramin.
An kuma yi imanin cewa alloli ne suka zaɓi dutsen mai fitad da wuta don ɗaure titans, waɗanda suka yanke shawarar tumɓuke mazaunan Olympus. Saboda wannan dalili, 'yan Italiyanci suna girmama al'adun gargajiya da girmamawa da kuma tsoro. A wasu tatsuniyoyi, an ambaci cewa ƙirƙirar Hephaestus yana cikin bakin dutsen mai fitad da wuta.
Abin sha'awa game da dutsen mai fitad da wuta
Gaskiya masu ban sha'awa suna da alaƙa da wani abin al'ajabi wanda ba halayyar kowane dutsen tsauni bane. An yi rikodin zoben hayaki a kan Etna a cikin 70s na karni na 20 - gani na ban mamaki da gaske. Wannan ita ce shaidar farko ta rubuce-rubuce kan wanzuwar irin wannan yanayin. Daga baya, tsarin vortex ya bayyana a cikin 2000 da 2013. Sha'awar su babbar nasara ce, amma ba kowane mai yawon buɗe ido bane yayi sa'ar samun irin wannan kyauta daga dutsen Etna.
Muna baka shawara ka karanta game da dutsen Gwal na Yellowstone.
Duk da cewa stratovolcano na fashewa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, masu yawon bude ido suna kokarin cin nasarar wannan katuwar, suna zabar daya daga cikin hanyoyi uku:
- kudu - zaku iya zuwa can ta bas ko SUV, kuma ku hau kan motar kebul;
- gabas - ya kai kilomita 1.9;
- arewa - hanyar da aka tanada don yin yawo ko hawan keke.
Ba a ba da shawarar yin yawo cikin gangaren kai kaɗai ba, yayin da hayaƙi ko lawa ke fitowa daga maƙogwaron lokaci zuwa lokaci. A lokaci guda, babu cikakken taswira, saboda sauƙin Etna koyaushe yana canzawa saboda yawaita, kodayake ba shi da mahimmanci, fashewa. Zai fi kyau a tambayi mazauna wurin yadda zasu isa ɗaya daga cikin wadatattun wuraren a saman da kansu, ko kuma hayar jagora.
A saman, a cikin shagunan gida, zaku iya siyan almara mai wannan sunan. Masu yawon bude ido na iya yin hassada saboda tsufan ta, kuma ba za a iya isar da dandano a cikin kalmomi ba, tunda gonakin inabin da ke girma a ƙafa da kuma ciyar da abubuwa masu yawa na microelements suna ba da abin sha takamaiman buhu.
Yanayin fashewa na karni na 21
A wace nahiyar ba ku taɓa jin labarin stratovolcano ba? Yana da wuya cewa bayani game da shi bai kai ga ƙarshen duniya ba, domin tun farkon sabon ƙarni, ɓarkewa na faruwa kusan shekara-shekara, ko ma sau da yawa a shekara. Babu wanda ke da wata tambaya game da dutsen Etna mai aiki ko ya ɓace, tunda ko dai ya lalata komai a kusa, ko kuma saboda shi, an dakatar da aikin filin jirgin.
Fashewa ta ƙarshe ta shekarar 2016 ta faru ne a ranar 21 ga Mayu. Sannan duk kafofin watsa labarai sun rubuta cewa stratovolcano ya sake farkawa, amma a wannan lokacin an kauce wa wadanda abin ya shafa. Hotuna da yawa sun bazu cikin sauri a yanar gizo yayin da yawan toka da lawa suka ɓalle daga rami suka tashi sama. Babu hoto guda daya da zai gabatar da irin wannan sikelin, amma kasancewa kusa a lokacin fashewar abu ne mai matukar hadari, don haka ya fi kyau a kalli wasan daga nesa nesa.
Koyaya, a cikin 2016 har yanzu ba a sami fashewa mai ƙarfi ba. Daya daga cikin mafi karfi a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata shine fashewar da ta faru a ranar 3 ga Disamba, 2015. Sannan lawa ta tashi zuwa tsayin kilomita, kuma tokar ta toshe gani sosai ta yadda aka dakatar da ayyukan filin jirgin saman Catania.
