Menene ma'anar priori? A yau ana iya jin wannan kalma a cikin tattaunawa, ta talabijin, kuma ana samunta a cikin littattafai da 'yan jaridu. A lokaci guda, ba kowa ya san ainihin ma'anar kalmar ba.
A cikin wannan labarin zamu duba menene ma'anar kalmar "a priori", da kuma a waɗanne wurare ne ya dace.
Menene fifiko a cikin sadarwa ta yau da kullun
A priori shine ilimin da aka samu kafin kwarewa da kuma cin gashin kansa, ma'ana, ilimi, kamar yadda yake, sananne a gaba. A cikin kalmomi masu sauƙi, a priori - wannan nau'in bayani ne na wani abu bayyananne kuma baya buƙatar hujja.
Don haka, lokacin da mutum yayi amfani da wannan ra'ayi, baya buƙatar ya tabbatar da maganarsa ko rubutunsa da hujjoji, tunda komai ya riga ya bayyana.
Misali, jimlar kusurwoyin cikin alwatika ne koyaushe 180⁰ a priori. Bayan irin wannan jimlar, mutum baya buƙatar tabbatar da dalilin da yasa ya zama daidai 180⁰, tunda wannan sanannen abu ne kuma bayyananne.
Koyaya, kalmar "a priori" ba koyaushe zata iya zama azaman bayani na gaskiya ba. Misali, karnoni da yawa da suka gabata, mutane sun ce da gaba gaɗi cewa: "Duniya tana da fifiko ne gaba ɗaya" kuma a lokacin ta kasance "bayyananne."
Ya biyo daga wannan cewa galibi ra'ayoyin da aka karɓa gaba ɗaya na iya zama kuskure.
Bayan haka, galibi mutane na iya amfani da kalmar da gangan "a priori" da sanin cewa kalmominsu ƙarya ne da gangan. Misali: "Kullum ina kan fifiko a priori" ko "Bana yin kuskure a rayuwa".
Amma duk da haka ana amfani da wannan ra'ayi a cikin yanayin da ba a buƙatar ainihin shaidar. A kamancecenai na farko sune irin maganganun kamar "a bayyane yake a fili", "babu wanda zaiyi jayayya da haka", "Ba zan bawa kowa mamaki ba idan nace haka", da dai sauransu
A ƙarshe, Ina so in ƙara cewa wannan kalmar tana da tsohon tarihi. Tsoffin masana falsafa na Girka, ciki har da Aristotle sun yi amfani da shi sosai.
Fassara daga Latin "a priori" a zahiri yana nufin - "daga wanda ya gabata." A lokaci guda, akasin haka shine priori - posteriori (Latin mai posteriori - "daga mai zuwa") - ilimin da aka samu daga gogewa.
Kodayake wannan kalmar ta canza ma'anarta fiye da sau ɗaya a tarihi, a yau tana da ma'anar da aka ambata a sama.
