Hakora ba sune mafi girma ba, amma suna da matukar mahimmanci sassan jikin mutum da dabba. Lokacin da suke cikin yanayi mai kyau, "suna aiki", ba mu kula da su, sai dai lokacin tsaftacewa. Amma da zaran haƙoranka sun kamu da rashin lafiya, rayuwa tana canzawa sosai, ba don mafi kyau ba. Ko a yanzu, da fitowar masu saurin ciwo da ci gaban fasahar hakora, fiye da rabin mutanen da ke girma suna tsoron zuwa likitan hakora.
Har ila yau, matsalolin haƙori na faruwa a cikin dabbobi. Bugu da ƙari, idan cututtukan haƙori na mutum ba su da daɗi, amma, tare da madaidaiciyar hanyar, ba ta mutuwa ba, to a cikin dabbobi halin da ake ciki ya fi muni. Sa'a ga sharks da giwaye, waɗanda za a bayyana a ƙasa. A wasu dabbobi, musamman mafarauta, yawan zubar da hakora yakan zama na mutuwa. Yana da matukar wahala dabbobi su canza abincin da suka saba zuwa wanda zasu ci ba tare da hakora ba. Mutum a hankali yana raunana kuma, a ƙarshe, ya mutu.
Ga wasu karin bayanai game da hakora:
1. Narwhal yana da manyan hakora, ko kuma, haƙori na mufuradi. Wannan dabba mai shayarwa da ke rayuwa a cikin ruwan teku mai sanyi baƙon abu ne wanda yasa sunan ya kasance da kalmomin Icelandic "whale" da "gawa". Gawa mai kiba wanda yakai nauyin tan 6 an sanye shi da zare mai sassauci wanda zai iya kaiwa mita 3 a tsayi. A sarari yake cewa da farko kowa yayi tunanin cewa narwhal yana dunƙule abinci da makiya a kan wannan katon haƙori. A cikin littafin "Leegye 20,000 Na Underarƙashin Ruwa," har ma an yaba wa narwhal da ikon nutsar da jiragen ruwa (ba wannan ba ne lokacin da aka fara tunanin ɓarkewar tarko?). A zahiri, haƙori na narwhal yana aiki azaman eriya - yana da ƙarshen jijiya wanda ke amsa canje-canje a cikin yanayin waje. Lokaci kawai narwhals ke amfani da zaren a matsayin kulob. Da cikakkiyar magana, narwhal shima yana da haƙori na biyu, amma baya haɓaka fiye da ƙuruciya.
2. Ana iya tantance shekarun whale sperm kamar dai yadda ake tantance shekarun itace - ta yanke yanke. Kawai kuna buƙatar yanke ba mahaɗan ba, amma haƙorinsa. Adadin yadudduka na dentin - na ciki, mai wuyar haƙori - zai nuna yadda shekarun fatar bahar take.
Sperm whale hakora
3. Don rarrabe kada da kada daga sama shine mafi sauki ta hakora. Idan bakin dabbobi masu rarrafe a rufe suke, amma har yanzu ana samun hakora, kuna kallon kada. A cikin kifi tare da rufaffiyar baki, haƙoran basa ganuwa.
Kada ko kada?
4. Yawancin hakora - dubbai - ana samun su a cikin katantanwa da sulke. Hakoran waɗannan molluscs suna tsaye kai tsaye a kan harshe.
Katantanwa mai hakora a ƙarƙashin madubin lantarki
5. Sharks da giwayen kwata-kwata basa buƙatar sabis ɗin likitocin hakora. A na farko, “keɓaɓɓen” ɗayan yana fita daga layi na gaba don maye gurbin haƙori da ya ɓace, a ƙarshen, haƙoran suna girma. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa duk irin rashin yarda daga wadannan wakilan duniyar dabbobi, hakoran shark suna girma cikin layi 6, kuma hakoran giwa na iya sake girma sau 6.
Hakoran Shark. Layi na biyu a bayyane yake a fili, sauran sun fi guntu
6. A shekarar 2016, wani matashi dan kasar Indiya mai shekaru 17 ya zo asibitin hakori tare da korafin ci gaba da ciwo a baki. Likitocin asibitin lardin, ba gano cututtukan da suka sani ba, suka aika da mutumin zuwa Mumbai (tsohon Bombay). Kuma a can ne kawai, masana kimiyya suka iya samo ƙarin ƙarin haƙoran da yawa waɗanda suka girma saboda mummunan ƙwayar cuta. Yayin aikin awa 7, mara lafiyar ya rasa hakora 232.
7 Indiya ma tana riƙe da tarihin tsawon haƙorin ɗan adam. A cikin 2017, wani mutum mai shekaru 18 ya cire hakorin canine kusan 37 mm tsawo. Hakori yana da lafiya, kawai la'akari da cewa tsaka-tsakin canine ya kai mm 20, kasancewar irin wannan kato a cikin bakin ba zai iya haifar da wani abu mai kyau ba.
Hakori mafi tsawo
8. Matsakaici, hakoran mutum sun zama 1% karami a cikin shekaru 1,000. Wannan ragin na halitta ne - abincin da muke tauna ya zama mai taushi kuma kaya akan haƙora suna raguwa. Kakanninmu, wadanda suka rayu shekaru 100,000 da suka gabata, suna da hakora ninki biyu - tare da hakora na zamani, ɗanyen kayan lambu ko da ɗan nama da za a iya tauna, amma ba na dogon lokaci ba. Mafi yawancinmu suna shan wahalar shan dafa abinci ba tare da ziyarar likitan hakora ba. Akwai ma wani hasashe cewa kakanninmu sun fi haƙori. Ya dogara ne akan cewa lokaci zuwa lokaci wasu mutane suna girma hakori na 35.
Tabbas haƙoran sun fi girma
9. Rashin haƙori na jarirai sanannu ne. Lokaci-lokaci, ana haihuwar jarirai da hakora ɗaya ko biyu waɗanda tuni suka ɓullo. Kuma a cikin Kenya a cikin 2010, an haifi wani yaro, wanda ya riga ya ɓarke da haƙoransa duka, sai dai haƙoran hikima. Doctors ba za su iya bayyana dalilin abin da ya faru ba. Hakoran yaro, waɗanda suka ja hankali, sun yi girma fiye da na takwarorinsu a hankali, kuma har zuwa shekara 6, "Nibble" ba shi da bambanci da sauran yara.
10. Hakora na iya girma ba kawai a baki ba. Akwai lokuta lokacin da hakora suka girma a hanci, kunne, kwakwalwa da idanun mutum.
11. Akwai fasaha don dawo da gani da hakori. An kira shi "osteo-one-keratoprosthetics". Ba daidaituwa ba ce cewa irin wannan hadadden sunan shine. Maido hangen nesa yana gudana a matakai uku. Da farko, ana cire haƙori daga majiyyacin, daga inda ake yin faranti da rami. Ana sanya ruwan tabarau a cikin ramin. An dasa tsarin sakamakon cikin mara lafiyan domin ya samu saiwa a jiki. Sannan a cire a dasa shi a cikin ido. Da dama mutane ɗari sun riga sun “sami ganinsu” ta wannan hanyar.
12. Ba'amurke Steve Schmidt ya yi nasarar dauke nauyin kilogiram 100 daga kasa sau 50 da hakoransa cikin dakika 60. Kuma dan asalin Georgia, Nugzar Gograchadze, ya sami damar motsawa da hakoransa motocin jirgin kasa 5 masu nauyin kusan tan 230. Dukansu Schmidt da Gograchadze sun yi horo kamar Hercules: da farko sun ja motoci da haƙoransu, sannan bas, sannan manyan motoci.
Steve Schmidt a cikin horo
13. Michael Zuck - kwararre ne a fannin likitan hakora - ya sayi haƙoran John Lennon ($ 32,000) da Elvis Presley ($ 10,000) don haka nan gaba, lokacin da ɗokin mutum ya yiwu, zai iya yin kwafin mawaƙan da ya fi so.
14. Ilimin hakora ba shi da arha bisa ƙa'ida, amma idan ya zo ga mashahurai, yawan adadin cak na sabis ɗin likitocin haƙori na sararin samaniya ne. Taurari yawanci basa son bayyana irin wadannan bayanai, amma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, bayanai suna ci gaba da fitowa. Kuma Demi Moore a wani lokacin bata ɓoye cewa haƙoranta sun kashe mata $ 12,000 ba, kuma wannan yayi nesa da iyaka. Tom Cruise da George Clooney sun kashe fiye da $ 30,000 a kan jan hankalin jaws, kuma murmushi murmushi Victoria Beckham ya kashe $ 40,000.
Shin akwai wani abu da za a kashe dala 40,000?
15. Hakora na wucin gadi da ƙoshin hakori sanannu shekaru dubbai da suka gabata. Tuni a cikin tsohuwar Misira, sun yi duka biyun. Tsoffin Inca ma sun san yadda ake yin karuwanci da dasa hakora, kuma galibi suna amfani da duwatsu masu daraja don yin lalata.
16. Toothbrush a matsayin kayan masarufi ya fara samarwa a Ingila ta William Addis a cikin 1780. Ya fito da wata hanyar yin goga yayin yanke hukunci a kurkuku. Kamfanin kamfanin Addis har yanzu yana nan.
Addis kayayyakin
17. Foda don tsabtace hakora ya bayyana a tsohuwar Rome. Tana da hadaddun abubuwa masu yawa: kofato da kahon shanu, ƙwai mai ƙwai, baƙuwar kaguje da kawa, tururuwa. An murkushe wadannan sinadaran, sanyaya su, an nika su cikin hoda mai kyau. Don tsabtace hakora, wani lokacin ana amfani dashi hade da zuma.
18. An fara amfani da man goge baki a kasuwar Amurka a shekarar 1878 ta kamfanin Colgate. An sayar da taliyar ƙarni na 19 a cikin gilashin gilashi tare da murfin dunƙule.
19. Sauye-sauyen madadin magani sun kirkiro ka'ida wacce kowane hakori yake da "alhakin" yanayin wani yanki na jikin mutum. Misali, ta hanyar kallon abubuwan da ke ciki, mutum na iya tantance yanayin mafitsara, koda, da kuma tsarin halittar jini. Koyaya, likitancin hukuma ya musanta irin wannan damar. Haɗin kai tsaye tsakanin yanayin haƙora da gabobi shi ne cutar da gubobi waɗanda ke samu daga haƙori mara lafiya zuwa cikin hanyar narkewar abinci.
Bincike bisa yanayin hakora
20. Cizon haƙoran ɗan adam na asali ne kuma na musamman kamar yadda tsarin layin papillary yake. Ba a yin amfani da nazarin cizon sau da yawa a kotu, amma ga masu binciken hakan ƙarin tabbaci ne na kasancewar mutum a wurin da aka aikata laifin.
