A farkon karni na 18, Rasha ta kammala ayyukanta na "haduwa da rana". Mafi mahimmiyar rawa a cikin tsara iyakokin gabashin jihar ta hanyar balaguro biyu da Vitus Bering ya jagoranta (1681 - 1741). Wararren jami'in sojan ruwan ya tabbatar da kansa ba kawai a matsayin ƙwararrun kaftin ba, har ma a matsayin ƙwararren mai tsarawa da bayarwa. Nasarorin da balaguron biyu suka samu ya zama babban ci gaba a cikin binciken Siberia da Gabas ta Gabas kuma ya kawo ɗan asalin ƙasar Denmark sanannen shahararren mai binciken jirgin ruwan na Rasha.
1. Don girmama Bering, ba wai kawai Tsibirin Kwamandan ba, Tekun, kape, sasantawa, matsatsi, kankara da tsibiri sunaye, amma har da babban yankin tarihin rayuwa. Beringia ta hada da gabashin Siberia, Kamchatka, Alaska da tsibirai da yawa.
2. Shahararren sanannen agogon Danish shima ana sa masa suna Vitus Bering.
3. An haifi Vitus Bering, ya tashi a Denmark, ya sami ilimin koyon ruwa a Holland, amma yayi aiki, ban da wasu agean shekarun ƙuruciya, a cikin Rundunar Sojan ruwan Rasha.
4. Kamar yawancin baƙi a cikin sabis na Rasha, Bering ya fito ne daga dangi mai daraja amma halakakke.
5. Na tsawon shekaru takwas, Bering ya zame cikin sahun dukkan mukaman kaftin guda huɗu waɗanda suke a lokacin a cikin rundunar sojojin Rasha. Gaskiya ne, don zama kyaftin na daraja ta 1, dole ne ya gabatar da wasikar sallama.
6. Balaguron Kamchatka na farko shi ne balaguro na farko a tarihin Rasha, wanda ke da maƙasudai na kimiyya kawai: bincika da taswirar gabar tekun da gano bakin teku tsakanin Eurasia da Amurka. Kafin wannan, duk binciken yanki an gudanar dashi azaman bangare na biyu na kamfen.
7. Bering ba shine farkon wanda ya fara balaguron ba. An umurce ta da ta ba da kayan aiki kuma ta aika da Peter I. Bering an miƙa shi ga shugabannin a cikin Admiralty, sarki bai damu ba. Ya rubuta umarnin zuwa Bering da hannunsa.
8. Zai fi dacewa a kira mashigar ruwa ta Bering mashigar ruwa ta Semyon Dezhnev, wanda ya gano ta a karni na 17. Koyaya, rahoton Dezhnev ya makale a cikin dutsen niƙa na mulki kuma an samo shi ne bayan balaguron Bering.
9. Sashin teku na Balaguron Farko (tsallakawa daga Kamchatka zuwa mashigin Bering, tafiya cikin Tekun Arctic da baya) ya ɗauki kwanaki 85. Kuma don isa ta ƙasa daga St. Petersburg zuwa Okhotsk, Bering da tawagarsa sun ɗauki shekaru 2.5. Amma an tsara cikakken taswirar hanyar daga yankin Turai na Rasha zuwa Siberia tare da bayanin hanyoyi da ƙauyuka.
10. Yawon shakatawa yayi nasara sosai. Taswirar bakin teku da tsibirai da Bering da waɗanda ke ƙarƙashinsa suka haɗo ya yi daidai sosai. Gabaɗaya ita ce taswirar farko ta Tekun Arewacin Pacific da Turawa suka zana. An sake buga shi a biranen Paris da London.
11. A waccan zamanin, Kamfanin Kamchatka yayi bincike sosai. Don isa Tekun Fasifik, karnukan da aka yi jigilar balaguro da su a kan tudu a duk fadin yankin da ke nesa da fiye da kilomita 800. Zuwa gefen kudu na Kamchatka, daga wurin safarar, akwai wasu kilomita 200, wadanda zasu iya bi ta cikin teku da kyau.
12. Balaguro na biyu gaba daya shirin Bering ne. Ya haɓaka shirinta, sarrafa kayayyaki da ma'amala da batutuwan ma'aikata - an ba da ƙwararru fiye da 500.
13. Bering ya banbanta da son gaskiya. Irin wannan fasalin bai yi wa mahukunta a Siberia dadi ba, wadanda ke fatan samun babbar riba yayin samar da irin wannan balaguron. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa Bering ya dau lokaci yana musun hukuncin da aka bashi da kuma kula da dukkan kayan da aka kawo wa unguwannin nasa.
14. Balaguro na biyu ya fi girma. Shirye-shiryenta na binciko Kamchatka, Japan, gabar tekun Arctic da gabar Arewacin Amurka ta Tekun Pacific ana kiranta Babban Balaguron Arewa. Ya ɗauki shekaru uku kawai don shirya kayayyaki - dole ne a yi jigilar kowane ƙusa a cikin duk ƙasar Rasha.
15. An kafa garin Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky a lokacin balaguron Bering na biyu. Kafin balaguron babu ƙauyuka a cikin Tekun Petropavlovsk.
16. Sakamakon Balaguro na Biyu ana iya ɗaukarsa masifa. Sojojin ruwan Rasha sun isa Amurka, amma saboda ƙarancin kayayyaki, an tilasta su su juya baya nan da nan. Jiragen ruwan sun rasa juna. Jirgin, wanda kyaftin dinsa A. Chirikov, kodayake ya rasa wani ɓangare na ma'aikatan, ya sami nasarar zuwa Kamchatka. Amma "Saint Peter", wanda Bering ke tafiya a kansa, ya fado a Tsubirin Aleutian. Bering kuma yawancin ma'aikatan sun mutu saboda yunwa da cuta. Mutane 46 ne suka dawo daga balaguron.
17. Balaguro na biyu ya lalace ne ta hanyar shawarar neman babu tsibirin Compania, wanda ake zaton ya hada da zinare zalla. Saboda wannan, jiragen ruwa na balaguro, maimakon na 65 a layi daya, suka bi ta 45, wanda ya tsawanta hanyarsu zuwa gabar Amurka kusan sau biyu.
18. Yanayin ya kuma taka rawa wajen gazawar Bering da Chirikov - duk tafiyar da aka yi sama ta kasance da gizagizai kuma matuƙan jirgin ba za su iya tantance abubuwan da za su daidaita su ba.
19. Matar Bering ta kasance ‘yar Sweden. Daga cikin yara goma da aka haifa ta hanyar aure, shida sun mutu tun suna kanana.
20. Bayan gano kabarin Bering da tono gawarwakin mutanen seaman, sai ya zamana cewa, sabanin abin da ake yadawa, bai mutu ba da sanko - hakoransa ba su da kyau.
