Wolf Grigorievich (Gershkovich) Saƙo (1899-1974) - Mawallafin mawallafin Soviet (masanin tunani), yana yin wasan kwaikwayon na hankali "yana karanta tunanin" na masu sauraro, mai daukar hankali, mai riya, kuma mai fasaha ne na RSFSR. Ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mashahuran mutane a fagen sa.
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Wolf Messing, wanda zamuyi magana akan shi a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanka akwai ɗan gajeren tarihin Wolf Messing.
Tarihin rayuwar Wolf Messing
An haifi Wolf Messing a ranar 10 ga Satumba, 1899 a ƙauyen Gura-Kalwaria, wanda a wancan lokacin wani ɓangare ne na Daular Rasha. Ya girma kuma ya girma cikin dangi mai sauki.
Mahaifin mai zane na gaba, Gershek Messing, mai bi ne kuma mutum mai tsananin tsauri. Baya ga Wolf, an haifi ƙarin 'ya'ya maza uku a cikin gidan Messing.
Yara da samari
Tun yana ƙarami, Wolf ya sha wahala daga yin bacci. Ya kan yi yawo a cikin barcinsa, bayan haka ya fuskanci ƙaura mai tsanani.
Yaron ya warke tare da taimakon mai sauki na jama'a - kwandon ruwan sanyi, wanda iyayensa suka ajiye kusa da gadonsa.
Lokacin da Messing ya fara sauka daga kan gado, nan da nan ƙafafunsa suka tsinci kansu cikin ruwan sanyi, wanda daga nan ne ya farka. A sakamakon haka, hakan ya taimaka masa ya rabu da yin aikin bacci har abada.
Yana dan shekara 6, Wolf Messing ya fara zuwa makarantar yahudawa, inda suka karanci Talmud sosai kuma suka koyar da addu'oi daga wannan littafin. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine yaron yana da kyakkyawar ƙwaƙwalwa.
Ganin kwarewar Wolf, malamin ya tabbatar da cewa an tura matashin zuwa Yeshibot, inda aka horar da malamai.
Karatu a Yeshibot bai ba Messing wani jin daɗi ba. Bayan shekaru da yawa na horo, ya yanke shawarar guduwa zuwa Berlin don neman ingantacciyar rayuwa.
Wolf Messing ya shiga motar jirgin ƙasa ba tare da tikiti ba. A wannan lokacin ne a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa ya fara nuna kwarewar da ba ta dace ba.
Lokacin da sifeton ya zo kusa da saurayin kuma ya nemi ya nuna tikitin, Wolf ya kalli cikin idanunsa da kyau ya gabatar masa da takaddar talakawa.
Bayan ɗan ɗan hutawa, madugu ya bugi takardar kamar da gaske tikitin jirgin ƙasa ne.
Zuwan Berlin, Messing yayi aiki a matsayin ɗan sako na wani lokaci, amma kuɗin da ya samu bai ma isa abinci ba. Da zarar ya gaji sosai da ya suma a cikin yunwa mai nauyi a kan titi.
Likitocin sun yi amannar cewa Wolf ya mutu, sakamakon haka suka tura shi dakin adana gawa. Bayan ya kwana uku a cikin dakin ajiyar gawawwaki, kwatsam sai hankalinsa ya tashi ga kowa.
Lokacin da masanin tabin hankali dan kasar Jamus Abel ya fahimci cewa Messing na da niyyar fadawa cikin wani gajeren bacci mai wahala, yana son sanin shi. A sakamakon haka, likitan mahaukatan ya fara koyar da matashin kula da jikinsa, tare da gudanar da gwaje-gwaje a fannin saduwa.
Ayyuka a Turai
Bayan lokaci, Abel ya gabatar da Wolf ga sanannen impresario Zelmeister, wanda ya taimake shi ya sami kansa a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya na gida na abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba.
Messing ya fuskanci aiki mai zuwa: don kwanciya a cikin akwatin gawa mai haske kuma faɗa cikin barci mai numfashi. Wannan lambar ta kasance mai rikitarwa ga masu sauraro, wanda ke haifar da mamaki da farin ciki a cikinsu.
A lokaci guda, Wolf ya nuna ƙwarewar ban mamaki a fagen sadarwar waya. Ko ta yaya ya sami damar fahimtar tunanin mutane, musamman lokacin da ya taɓa mutum da hannunsa.
Mai zanen ya kuma san yadda ake shiga cikin yanayin da ba ya jin zafi na jiki.
Daga baya, Messing ya fara yin wasanni daban-daban, ciki har da sanannen Circus Bush. Lambar da ke zuwa ta shahara musamman: masu zane-zane sun fara fashi, bayan haka sun boye kayan sata a sassa daban-daban na zauren.
Bayan haka, Wolf Messing ya shiga matakin, ba tare da kuskuren gano dukkan abubuwan ba. Wannan lambar ta kawo masa girma da martabar jama'a.
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 16, saurayin ya ziyarci biranen Turai daban-daban, yana ba masu kallo mamaki da irin damar da yake da ita. Bayan shekaru 5, ya koma Poland, tuni ya shahara kuma mai fasaha.
A farkon Yaƙin Duniya na II (1939-1945), mahaifin Messing, 'yan'uwansa da sauran dangi na kusa da asalin yahudawa an yanke musu hukuncin kisa a Majdanek. Wolf da kansa ya sami damar tserewa zuwa USSR.
Yana da kyau a lura cewa mahaifiyarsa, Hana, ta mutu 'yan shekarun da suka gabata daga ciwon zuciya.
Aiki a Rasha
A cikin Rasha, Wolf Messing ya ci gaba da yin nasara tare da lambobin tunaninsa.
Wani lokaci, mutumin ya kasance memba na kungiyoyin yakin neman zabe. Daga baya an ba shi lambar yabo ta zane-zane na Kade-kade na Jiha, wanda ya ba shi dama da yawa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a wannan lokacin na tarihin rayuwarsa Messing ya gina mayaƙin Yak-7 don ajiyar kansa, wanda ya gabatar wa matukin jirgin Konstantin Kovalev. Matukin jirgin yayi nasarar tashi a wannan jirgin har zuwa karshen yakin.
Irin wannan aikin na kishin ƙasa ya kawo ma Wolf girma da girmamawa daga 'yan Soviet.
Sananne ne sananne cewa telepath ya saba da Stalin, wanda baya yarda da iyawarsa. Koyaya, lokacin da Messing ya yi hasashen faduwar jirgin Li-2, wanda dansa Vasily zai tashi a kansa, Shugaban Majalisar Dinkin Duniya ya sake duba ra'ayinsa.
Af, wannan jirgin, wanda ƙungiyar hockey ta Soviet ta MVO Air Force ya tashi, ya faɗi kusa da filin jirgin saman Koltsovo, a yankin Sverdlovsk. Duk 'yan wasan hockey, ban da Vsevolod Bobrov, wanda ya makara a jirgin, ya mutu.
Bayan mutuwar Stalin, Nikita Khrushchev ya zama shugaban Soviet na gaba. Messing yana da kyakkyawar dangantaka da sabon sakatare janar.
Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa telepath din ya ki yin magana a babban taron na CPSU tare da jawabin da aka shirya masa. Haƙiƙar ita ce cewa ya yi duk wani tsinkaye sai lokacin da ya tabbata da su.
Koyaya, buƙatar Nikita Sergeevich ta "hango" buƙatar cire gawar Stalin daga cikin kabarin, a cewar Messing, sassauƙa ce mai sauƙi.
A sakamakon haka, Wolf Grigorievich ya gamu da matsaloli iri-iri masu alaƙa da ayyukan yawon shakatawa. An ba shi izinin yin kawai a ƙananan garuruwa da ƙauyuka, daga baya kuma aka hana shi yawon shakatawa gaba ɗaya.
A wannan dalilin, Messing ya fada cikin damuwa kuma ya daina bayyana a wuraren taruwar jama'a.
Hasashen
Tarihin rayuwar Wolf Messing an rufe shi da jita-jita da jita-jita da yawa. Hakanan ya shafi tsinkayensa.
"Memori" na Messing, wanda aka buga a 1965 a cikin mujallar "Kimiyya da Rayuwa", sun yi hayaniya da yawa. Kamar yadda ya bayyana daga baya, marubucin "abubuwan tunawa" haƙiƙa sanannen ɗan jaridar nan ne na "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Mikhail Khvastunov.
A cikin littafin nasa, ya yarda da gurbatattun hujjoji da yawa, yana ba da izini ga tunaninsa. Koyaya, aikinsa ya sa mutane da yawa sake magana game da Wolf Grigorievich.
A zahiri, Messing koyaushe yana kallon ikonsa daga mahangar kimiyya, kuma bai taɓa magana game da su azaman mu'ujizai ba.
Mai zane-zane ya yi aiki tare da masana kimiyya daga Cibiyar Brain, likitoci da masana halayyar ɗan adam, yana ƙoƙarin gano dalilin kimiyya na irin baiwar da yake da ita.
Misali, "karatun hankali" Wolf Messing ya bayyana yadda - karanta motsin tsokoki na fuska. Tare da taimakon saduwa ta waya, ya sami damar fahimtar motsin microscopic na mutum lokacin da yake tafiya a inda bai dace ba yayin neman abu, da sauransu.
Koyaya, Messing har yanzu yana da tsinkaya da yawa, waɗanda ya faɗi a gaban shaidu da yawa. Don haka, ya ƙayyade ainihin ranar da Yaƙin Duniya na II ya ƙare, amma, gwargwadon lokacin yankin Turai - 8 ga Mayu, 1945.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce daga baya Wolf ya sami godiya ta sirri daga Stalin don wannan tsinkayen.
Har ila yau, lokacin da aka sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar Molotov-Ribbentrop tsakanin USSR da Jamus, Messing ya ce "yana ganin tankokin mai dauke da tauraruwa ja a titunan Berlin."
Rayuwar mutum
A cikin 1944, Wolf Messing ya sadu da Aida Rapoport. Daga baya ta zama ba kawai matarsa ba, har ma ta zama mataimaki a wasan kwaikwayon.
Ma'auratan sun rayu tare har zuwa tsakiyar 1960, lokacin da Aida ta mutu sakamakon cutar kansa. Abokai sun ce Messing kuma ya san ranar mutuwarta a gaba.
Bayan mutuwar matarsa, Wolf Messing ya koma cikin kansa kuma har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa yana zaune tare da 'yar'uwar Aida Mikhailovna, wacce ke kula da shi.
Abin farin ciki kawai ga mai zane shine 2 lapdogs, waɗanda yake ƙauna sosai.
Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, Messing ya sha wahala daga tsananin mania.
Ko a lokacin yakin, kafafuwan telepath sun ji rauni, wanda a lokacin tsufa ya fara damun sa sau da yawa. An sha jinyarsa a asibiti har sai da likitoci suka shawo kansa ya tafi teburin aiki.
Yin aikin ya yi nasara, amma saboda wasu dalilai da ba a sani ba, kwana biyu bayan haka, bayan gazawar koda da huhu na huhu, mutuwa ta auku. Wolf Grigorievich Messing ya mutu a ranar 8 ga Nuwamba, 1974 yana da shekara 75.
