Yallabai Charles Spencer (Charlie) Chaplin (1889-1977) - Ba'amurke kuma ɗan fim ɗin Ingilishi, marubucin rubutu, marubuci, darektan fim, furodusa da edita, masanin fim ɗ in duniya, mahaliccin ɗayan shahararrun hotunan silima a duniya - hoton barkwanci na rafin Charlie.
Wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta kwalejin kuma sau biyu ya ci kyautar "Oscar" ta waje-daga (1929, 1972).
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Chaplin, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, kafin ku gajeriyar tarihin rayuwar Charlie Chaplin.
Tarihin rayuwar Chaplin
An haifi Charles Chaplin a ranar 16 ga Afrilu, 1889 a London. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dangin nishaɗi Charles Chaplin Sr. da matarsa Hannah Chaplin.
Kafin auren mahaifin Charlie, Hannah ta haifi ɗanta na fari, Sydney Hill. Koyaya, bayan aurenta, ta ba Sydney suna - Chaplin.
Yara da samari
An fara yarinta Chaplin a cikin yanayi na fara'a. Mahaifiyarsa ta yi wasan kwaikwayo a matakan wasan kwaikwayo daban-daban a matsayin mai rawa da mawaƙa.
Hakanan, shugaban gidan yana da kyakkyawar hanya, sakamakon haka ana gayyatar shi sau da yawa ya raira waƙa a ɗakunan kiɗan babban birnin. Bugu da kari, Chaplin Sr yakan zagaya kasashen Turai da Amurka.
Daya daga cikin masifu na farko a tarihin rayuwar Charlie Chaplin ya faru yana da shekaru 12. Mahaifinsa ya mutu ne saboda shan giya, wanda a lokacin mutuwarsa ɗan shekara 37 kawai.
Ya kamata a lura cewa ƙaramin Charlie ya fara yin wasan kwaikwayo a lokacin yana ɗan shekara 5. A zahiri, ya fara shiga cikin shirye-shiryen kide-kide maimakon mahaifiyarsa, wacce ta rasa muryarta kuma ba ta iya yin waƙa.
Masu sauraren sun saurara da matukar farin ciki ga rera wakokin yaron, suna tafa masa da kuma jefa kudi a dandalin.
Bayan wasu shekaru, mahaifiyar Chaplin ta haukace, a dalilin haka ne aka sanya ta a dole a asibitin mahaukata. An kai Charlie da Syd zuwa makarantar marayu da ke yankin.
A wannan lokacin tarihin rayuwar, yara maza sun sami abin dogaro da kansu.
Lokacin da Chaplin yake dan shekara 9, ya fara waka a kungiyar Rawa ta takwas Tattaunawa da Samari. A lokacin ne ya sami damar sanyawa masu kallo dariya a karon farko, inda ya nuna kuli a dandamali.
Bayan shekara guda, Charlie ya yanke shawarar barin kungiyar. Da wuya ya halarci makaranta. Lokacin da dukkan yara ke karatu, dole ne ya samu kuɗi a wurare daban-daban domin samun biyan buƙata.
Yana dan shekara 14, Chaplin ya fara aiki a gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Ba da daɗewa ba aka ba shi amanar Billy manzo a cikin wasan kwaikwayon "Sherlock Holmes". Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, kusan saurayin bai iya karatu ba, don haka ɗan'uwansa ya taimake shi ya koyi rawar.
Fina-finai
A cikin 1908, an gayyaci Charlie Chaplin zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Fred Carnot, inda ya shirya lokacin hutu don dakunan kiɗa.
Ba da daɗewa ba, saurayin ya zama ɗayan manyan 'yan wasan kwaikwayo a gidan wasan kwaikwayo. Chaplin tare da ƙungiyar, Chaplin ya fara zagayawa cikin birane da ƙasashe daban-daban.
Lokacin da mai zanen ya ƙare zuwa Amurka, yana son wannan ƙasar sosai har ya yanke shawarar zama da zama a can.
A cikin Amurka, mai gabatar da fim Mac Sennett ya lura da Charlie, wanda ya ba shi aiki a cikin sutudiyo nasa. Daga baya, an sanya hannu kan kwangila tare da hazikin mutumin, bisa ga abin da aka wajabta wa studio "Keystone" ta biya shi $ 600 kowace wata.
Da farko, wasan Chaplin bai gamsar da Mac ba, a dalilin haka ne ma yake son korar sa. Koyaya, shekara guda bayan haka, Charlie ya zama babban mai fasaha da kuma sha'awar masu sauraro.
Da zarar, a jajibirin daukar fim din ban dariya "Tseren Motar Yara", an nemi mai wasan barkwancin da ya rama da kansa. A wannan lokacin ne a cikin tarihin rayuwar Charlie Chaplin ya kirkiro sanannen hotonsa.
Jarumin ya saka wando mai fadi, jaket da aka saka, babbar hular da manyan takalmi. Bugu da kari, ya zana gashin baki na almara a fuskarsa, wanda ya zama alamar kasuwanci.
Bayan lokaci, Little Tramp ya sami sandar, wanda ya ba shi ƙarin kuzari a cikin ayyukansa.
Lokacin da Charlie Chaplin ya sami farin jini sosai, ya fahimci cewa zai iya zama gwanin rubutu da rubutu fiye da "shugabanninsa".
Ba tare da bata lokaci ba, dan wasan ya fara aiki. A lokacin bazara na shekara ta 1914, an fara nuna fim din "Wanda Damina Ya Kama", inda Charlie ya yi rawar gani a matsayin dan wasan fim kuma a karo na farko a matsayin darakta da kuma marubuta fim.
Bayan haka, Chaplin ya shiga kwangila tare da sutudiyo "Esseney Film", wanda ke biyan shi $ 5,000 a kowane wata da $ 10,000 don sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa shine cewa a cikin shekaru biyu kuɗin mai zane zai ƙaru kusan sau 10.
A cikin 1917, Charlie ya fara haɗin gwiwa tare da Fasahar Fasaha ta Farko. Don sanya hannu kan kwangilar, ya karɓi dala miliyan 1, ya zama ɗan wasa mafi tsada a lokacin.
Bayan shekaru 2, Chaplin yana da faifan fim nasa, United Artists, inda ya yi aiki har zuwa shekaru 50, lokacin da ya bar Amurka. A wannan lokacin na tarihin rayuwarsa, ya sami damar daukar fina-finai da yawa, gami da "Parisienne", "Gold Rush" da "Lights City".
Charlie Chaplin ya sami dakaru masu yawa na magoya baya. Duk inda ya zo, taron mutane suna ko'ina suna jiransa ya ga Traaramar Tako da idanunsu.
Don ɗan lokaci ɗan wasan ba shi da gidansa, sakamakon haka ya yi hayar gida ko ya sauka a otal. A cikin 1922, ya gina wa kansa gida a Beverly Hills tare da dakuna 40, sinima da kayan aiki.
Fim ɗin cikakken sauti na farko shi ne Babban Dictator (1940). Ya kuma zama zane na ƙarshe inda aka yi amfani da hoton motar da aka taka Charlie.
Tsanantawa
Bayan farkon fim din anti-Hitler The Great Dictator, Charlie Chaplin ya sha wahala mai tsanani. An zarge shi da ayyukan adawa da Amurka da bin ra'ayoyin kwaminisanci.
FBI sun ɗauki mai zanen da mahimmanci. Kololuwar tsanantawar ta zo ne a cikin shekaru 40, lokacin da ya gabatar da zanensa na gaba "Monsieur Verdou".
Masu binciken sun zargi Chaplin saboda rashin godiya ga Amurka da ta ba shi kariya (bai taba karbar zama dan Amurka ba). Bugu da kari, ana kiran mai wasan barkwanci Bayahude da kwaminisanci.
Koyaya, an gabatar da wasan kwaikwayon "Monsieur Verdou" don kyautar Oscar don Mafi kyawun Screenplay.
An kori Charlie Chaplin daga Amurka a 1952, lokacin da yake ziyarar Ingila. A sakamakon haka, mutumin ya zauna a garin Vevey na Switzerland.
Ganin cewa za a dakatar da shi daga shiga Amurka, Chaplin ya ba da ikon lauya a gaba don duk abin da ya mallaka ga matarsa. Sakamakon haka, matar ta sayar da dukkan kadarorin, bayan haka kuma ta zo da yaranta ga mijinta a Switzerland.
Rayuwar mutum
A tsawon shekarun tarihinsa, Charlie Chaplin ya yi aure sau 4, inda ya haifi 'ya'ya 12.
Matarsa ta farko ita ce Mildred Harris. Daga baya, ma'auratan sun sami ɗa, Norman, wanda ya mutu kusan nan da nan bayan haihuwa. Ma'auratan sun zauna tare tsawon shekaru 2.
A karo na biyu, Chaplin ya auri saurayi Lita Gray, wanda ya zauna tare da shi tsawon shekaru 4. A cikin wannan auren, suna da yara maza 2 - Charles da Sydney. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, bayan kisan auren, mutumin ya biya Grey kyakkyawar $ 800,000!
Bayan rabuwa da Lita, Charlie ya auri Paulette Goddard, wanda ya rayu tare da shi tsawon shekaru 6. Abin mamaki ne cewa bayan rabuwa da Chaplin, marubuci Erich Maria Remarque ya zama sabon mijin Paulette.
A cikin 1943, Charlie ya auri Una O'Neill a karo na 4 na ƙarshe. Ya kamata a lura cewa jarumin ya girmi wanda ya zaɓa shekaru 36. Ma'auratan suna da yara takwas.
Shekarun da suka gabata da mutuwa
'Yan shekaru kafin rasuwarsa, Sarauniya Elizabeth ta doki Charlie Chaplin 2. Charles Spencer Chaplin ya mutu a ranar 25 ga Disamba, 1977 yana da shekara 88.
An binne mafi girman zane-zane a makabartar yankin. Bayan watanni 3, maharan sun tono akwatin gawa na Chaplin don neman fansar fansa.
‘Yan sanda sun yi nasarar tsare masu laifin, bayan haka kuma aka sake binne akwatin gawar tare da marigayin a makabartar Meruz ta Switzerland karkashin siminti mai tsawon mita 1.8.
Charlie Chaplin ne ya ɗauki hoto
