Boris Efimovich Nemtsov (1959-2015) - ɗan siyasan Rasha kuma ɗan ƙasa, ɗan kasuwa. Mataimakin Duma Yankin Yaroslavl daga 2013 zuwa 2015, kafin a kashe shi. Shot a daren 27 zuwa 28 ga Fabrairu, 2015 a Moscow.
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin Nemtsov, wanda za mu fada a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, kafin ku gajeriyar tarihin Boris Nemtsov.
Tarihin Nemtsov
An haifi Boris Nemtsov a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1959 a Sochi. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin gidan jami'in Efim Davydovich da matarsa Dina Yakovlevna, wacce ke aiki a matsayin likitan yara.
Baya ga Boris, an haifi Yulia yarinya a cikin dangin Nemtsov.
Yara da samari
Har zuwa shekara 8, Boris ya zauna a Sochi, bayan haka ya koma Gorky (yanzu Nizhny Novgorod) tare da mahaifiyarsa da 'yar'uwarsa.
Yayin da yake karatu a makarantar, Nemtsov ya sami manyan maki a dukkan fannoni, don haka ya kammala karatunsa da lambar zinare.
Bayan haka, Boris ya ci gaba da karatu a jami'ar da ke yankin a Sashen Radiophysics. Har ilayau yana ɗaya daga cikin ɗalibai masu ƙwarewa, sakamakon haka ya kammala jami'a da girmamawa.
Bayan kammala karatun, Nemtsov yayi aiki na wani lokaci a wata cibiyar bincike. Ya yi aiki kan batutuwan hydrodynamics, plasma physics and acoustics.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a wancan lokacin na tarihin rayuwarsa, Boris ya yi ƙoƙarin rubuta waƙoƙi da labarai, kuma ya ba da darasin Turanci da lissafi a matsayin mai koyarwa.
Yana dan shekara 26, mutumin ya sami digirin digirgir a fannin lissafi da lissafi. A wannan lokacin, ya buga takardu sama da 60 na kimiyya.
A shekarar 1988, Nemtsov ya shiga cikin masu fafutuka wadanda suka nemi a dakatar da gina tashar nukiliya ta Gorky saboda ya gurbata muhalli.
A matsin lamba daga masu fafutuka, hukumomin yankin suka amince da dakatar da gina tashar. A wannan lokacin ne na tarihin rayuwarsa Boris ya zama mai sha'awar siyasa, yana mai mayar da kimiyya baya.
Harkar siyasa
A cikin 1989, an zabi Nemtsov a matsayin dan takarar Wakilan Jama'a na USSR, amma wakilan hukumar zaben ba su yi masa rajista ba. Yana da kyau a lura cewa shi bai taba zama dan Jam’iyyar Kwaminisanci ba.
Shekarar mai zuwa saurayin ɗan siyasa ya zama mataimakin mutane. Daga baya ya kasance memba na irin karfin siyasa kamar "Hadin Gyara da" da "Tsakiyar Hagu - Hadin Kai".
A wannan lokacin, Boris ya kusanci Yeltsin, wanda ke sha'awar ra'ayinsa game da ci gaban Rasha. Daga baya, ya kasance memba na ƙungiyoyi kamar Smena, Wakilan Ba na Jam'iyyar ba, da Tarayyar Rasha.
A 1991, Nemtsov ya zama dogarin Yeltsin a jajibirin ranar zaben shugaban kasa. A lokacin shahararren watan Agusta putch, yana cikin wadanda suka kare Fadar White House.
A ƙarshen wannan shekarar, an ɗora wa Boris Nemtsov shugabantar ragamar mulkin yankin Nizhny Novgorod. A wannan lokacin ya sami damar nuna kansa a matsayin ƙwararren manajan kasuwanci da tsarawa.
Mutumin ya gudanar da kyawawan shirye-shirye da dama, ciki har da "Wayar Jama'a", "Gasification na ƙauyuka", "ZERNO" da "Mita ta mita". Aikin karshe ya shafi batutuwan da suka shafi samar da gidaje ga ma'aikatan soji.
A cikin hirarraki, Nemtsov yakan soki hukumomi saboda raunin aiwatar da gyare-gyare. Ba da daɗewa ba, ya gayyaci Grigory Yavlinsky, wanda masanin tattalin arziki ne, zuwa hedikwatarsa.
A cikin 1992 Boris, tare da Gregory, sun haɓaka babban tsari na sake fasalin yanki.
A shekara mai zuwa, mazauna yankin Nizhny Novgorod sun zaɓi Nemtsov a Majalisar Tarayya ta Majalisar Tarayya ta Tarayyar Rasha, kuma bayan watanni 2 ya zama memba na kwamitin Majalisar Tarayya kan tsarin kuɗi da tsarin lamuni.
A shekarar 1995, Boris Efimovich ya sake rike mukamin gwamnan yankin na Nizhny Novgorod. A wancan lokacin, ya yi suna a matsayin mai kawo canji na gari, sannan kuma yana da halaye masu karfi da kwarjini.
Ba da daɗewa ba, Nemtsov ya shirya tarin sa hannu a yankinsa don janye sojoji daga Chechnya, sannan aka miƙa su ga shugaban.
A cikin 1997, Boris Nemtsov ya zama mataimakin firaminista na farko a cikin gwamnatin Viktor Chernomyrdin. Ya ci gaba da samar da sabbin shirye-shirye masu inganci da nufin ci gaban jihar.
Lokacin da Sergei Kiriyenko ke jagorantar majalisar ministocin, ya bar Nemtsov a madadinsa, wanda a lokacin yake harkokin kudi. Koyaya, bayan rikicin da ya fara a tsakiyar 1998, Boris ya yi murabus.
Adawa
Da yake cike da mukamin mataimakin shugaban gwamnati, Nemtsov ya tuna da shawarar da ya bayar na sauya dukkan jami'ai zuwa motocin gida.
A wancan lokacin, mutumin ya kafa ƙungiyar "Matasan Rasha". Daga baya ya zama mataimaki daga jam'iyyar Union of Right Forces, bayan haka an zabe shi mataimakin shugaban majalisar dokoki.
A ƙarshen 2003, "Unionungiyar Forcesungiyoyin Dacewa" ba ta wuce zuwa Duma na taro na 4 ba, don haka Boris Nemtsov ya bar mukaminsa saboda rashin cin zaɓe.
A shekara mai zuwa, ɗan siyasan ya goyi bayan magoya bayan abin da ake kira "Juyin Juya Halin Orange" a cikin Ukraine. Sau da yawa yakan yi magana da masu zanga-zangar a kan Maidan a Kiev, yana yaba musu don shirye-shiryensu na kare haƙƙoƙinsu da dimokiradiyya.
A cikin jawaban nasa, Nemtsov galibi yana magana ne game da nasa ra'ayin na gudanar da irin wannan aikin a Tarayyar Rasha, yana mai sukar gwamnatin Rasha.
Lokacin da Viktor Yushchenko ya zama Shugaban Ukraine, ya tattauna da mai adawa da Rasha wasu batutuwa da suka shafi ci gaban ƙasar.
A shekarar 2007, Boris Efimovich ya shiga zaben shugaban kasa, amma kasa da kashi 1% na ‘yan uwansa suka goyi bayan takararsa. Ba da daɗewa ba ya gabatar da littafinsa mai suna "Ikirarin Tawaye".
A cikin 2008, Nemtsov da mutanensa masu ra'ayi ɗaya suka kafa ƙungiyar adawa ta Solidarity. Ya kamata a lura cewa ɗayan shugabannin jam'iyyar shi ne Garry Kasparov.
A shekara mai zuwa, Boris ya yi takarar magajin garin Sochi, amma ya sha kashi, yana ɗaukar matsayi na 2.
A cikin 2010, ɗan siyasan ya shiga cikin shirya sabuwar ƙungiyar adawa "Don Rasha ba tare da son kai da rashawa ba." A kan asalinta, aka kafa "Jam'iyyar 'Yancin Jama'a" (PARNAS), wacce a shekarar 2011 hukumar zaben ta ki yin rajistar.
A ranar 31 ga Disamba, 2010, aka kama Nemtsov da abokin aikinsa Ilya Yashin a dandalin Triumfalnaya bayan sun yi magana a wurin wani gangami. An tuhumi mutanen da rashin da’a kuma suka tura su gidan yari na kwanaki 15.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an zargi Boris Efimovich da aikata laifuka daban-daban. Ya bayyana a fili jin tausayinsa ga Euromaidan, yana ci gaba da sukar Vladimir Putin da mukarrabansa.
Rayuwar mutum
Matar Nemtsov ita ce Raisa Akhmetovna, wacce ta halatta dangantaka da ita a matsayin ɗalibi.
A cikin wannan auren, an haifi yarinyar Zhanna, wanda a nan gaba kuma za ta haɗa rayuwarta da siyasa. Ya kamata a lura cewa Boris da Zhanna sun fara rayuwa dabam da 90s, yayin da suka kasance miji da mata.
Boris kuma yana da yara daga ɗan jaridar Ekaterina Odintsova: ɗa - Anton da 'yarsa - Dina.
A shekara ta 2004, Nemtsov yana cikin dangantaka da sakatariyarsa Irina Koroleva, sakamakon haka yarinyar ta sami ciki kuma ta haifi yarinya, Sofia.
Bayan haka, ɗan siyasan ya fara soyayya mai haɗari da Anastasia Ogneva, wanda ya ɗauki tsawon shekaru 3.
Belovedaunar Boris ta ƙarshe ita ce samfurin Ukrainian Anna Duritskaya.
A shekarar 2017, shekaru biyu bayan kisan wani jami'i, Kotun Zamoskvoretsky ta Moscow ta amince da yaron Yekaterina Iftodi, Boris, wanda aka haifa a 2014 a matsayin ɗan Boris Nemtsov.
Kisan Nemtsov
An harbe Nemtsov har lahira a daren 27 zuwa 28 ga Fabrairu, 2015 a tsakiyar Moscow a kan Gadar Bolshoy Moskvoretsky, yayin tafiya tare da Anna Duritskaya.
Masu kisan sun tsere a cikin wata farar mota, kamar yadda aka nuna ta faifan bidiyon.
An kashe Boris Efimovich kwana daya kafin zanga-zangar adawa. A sakamakon haka, Maris ɗin bazara shine aiki na ƙarshe na ɗan siyasa. Vladimir Putin ya kira kisan "kwangila da tsokana", sannan kuma ya ba da umarnin gudanar da bincike kan lamarin tare da gano masu laifin.
Mutuwar shahararren ɗan adawar ya zama abin mamaki a duk duniya. Yawancin shugabannin duniya sun yi kira ga shugaban na Rasha da ya hanzarta ganowa tare da hukunta wadanda suka yi kisan.
Yawancin 'yan ƙasar Nemtsov sun yi mamakin wannan mummunan lamarin. Ksenia Sobchak ta jajantawa dangin mamacin, inda ta kira shi mutum mai gaskiya da hazaka da ke gwagwarmaya da manufofinsa.
Binciken kisan kai
A cikin 2016, ƙungiyar masu binciken sun sanar da kammala aikin binciken. Masana sun ce an ba da wadanda ake zargin da kisan mutane RUB miliyan 15 don kisan jami’in.
Abin lura ne cewa an zargi mutane 5 da kisan Nemtsov: Shadid Gubashev, Temirlan Eskerkhanov, Zaur Dadaev, Anzor Gubashev da Khamzat Bakhaev.
Tsohon jami'in bataliyar Chechen "Sever" Ruslan Mukhudinov ne ya sanya sunan wanda ya fara kisan gillar. A cewar masu binciken, Mukhudinov ne ya ba da umarnin kisan Boris Nemtsov, sakamakon haka aka sanya shi a cikin jerin kasashen duniya da ake nema.
A farkon shekarar 2016, masu binciken sun sanar da cewa tsaurara sau 70 na binciken kwakwaf ya tabbatar da kasancewar duk wadanda ake zargi a kisan.
Hotunan Nemtsov
