Muhammad Ali

Muhammad Ali (ainihin suna Cassius Marcellus Clay; 1942-2016) wani ɗan ƙwararren ɗan dambe ɗan Amurka ne wanda ya fafata a rukunin nauyi mai nauyi. Daya daga cikin manyan ‘yan dambe a tarihin dambe.

Mahara zakara na daban-daban na duniya gasa. Dangane da wallafe-wallafen wasanni da yawa, an yarda da shi a matsayin "Dan wasan ƙarni na ƙarni".

Akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Muhammad Ali, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.

Don haka, a gabanku gajeriyar tarihin Muhammad Ali.

Tarihin rayuwar Muhammad Ali

Cassius Clay Jr., wanda aka fi sani da Muhammad Ali, an haife shi ne a ranar 17 ga Janairun 1942 a cikin ƙauyen Amurka na Louisville (Kentucky).

Dan damben ya girma kuma an haife shi a gidan dangin zane-zane da fastoci Cassius Clay, da matarsa Odessa Clay. Yana da dan uwa, Rudolph, wanda shi ma zai canza sunansa a gaba kuma zai kira kansa Rahman Ali.

Yara da samari

Mahaifin Muhammad yayi burin zama kwararren mai fasaha, amma ya samu kudi musamman ta hanyar zane-zane. Mahaifiyar ta tsunduma cikin tsabtace gidajen manyan masu farin kaya.

Kodayake dangin Muhammad Ali na da matsakaiciyar aji kuma sun fi fatara talauci, amma ba a yi musu fatarar talauci ba.

Bugu da ƙari, bayan ɗan lokaci, iyayen zakara na gaba sun sami nasarar siyen ƙaramin gida na $ 4500.

Koyaya, a wannan zamanin, nuna wariyar launin fata ya bayyana a wurare daban-daban. Muhammadu ya iya hango munanan abubuwan rashin daidaito tsakanin kabilu da farko.

Da ya girma, Muhammad Ali ya yarda cewa tun yana yaro yakan yawan yin kuka a gado saboda bai iya fahimtar dalilin da yasa ake kiran baƙar fata mutane mafi ƙanƙanci.

A bayyane yake, ainihin lokacin da aka kafa tunanin duniya na matashi shine labarin mahaifin game da wani baƙar fata mai suna Emmett Louis Till, wanda aka kashe shi saboda ƙiyayya na launin fata, kuma ba a taɓa kashe masu kisan ba.

Lokacin da aka saci keken keke wa Ali mai shekaru 12, yana son nemowa da bugun masu laifi. Koyaya, farar fata dan sandan kuma a lokaci guda mai koyar da damben Joe Martin ya gaya masa cewa "kafin ka doke wani, dole ne ka fara koyon yadda ake yi."

Bayan wannan, saurayin ya yanke shawarar koyan dambe, inda ya fara halartar horo tare da ɗan'uwansa.

A cikin dakin motsa jiki, Muhammad sau da yawa yana tsokanar samarin da ihu cewa shi ne mafi kyawun ɗan dambe da zakara a nan gaba. A saboda wannan dalili, kocin ya yi ta korar baƙar fata daga gidan motsa jiki don ya huce ya ja kansa tare.

Bayan wata daya da rabi, Ali ya shiga zobe a karo na farko. An watsa yaƙin a talabijin a cikin shirin TV "Gasar Zakarun gaba".

Wani abin ban sha’awa shi ne cewa kishiyar Muhammad ta kasance mai farin dambe. Duk da kasancewar Ali ƙanana ne a kan abokin hamayyarsa kuma ba shi da ƙwarewa, amma ya zama mai nasara a wannan yaƙin.

A ƙarshen fadan, matashin ya fara ihu a cikin kyamara cewa zai zama babban ɗan dambe.

Bayan wannan ne sauyi ya zo a cikin tarihin rayuwar Muhammad Ali. Ya fara atisaye sosai, baya shan giya, baya shan taba, sannan kuma baya shan kwayoyi.

Dambe

A cikin 1956, Ali mai shekaru 14 ya lashe Gasar Golden Amateur Gasar. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa yayin karatunsa a makaranta, ya sami damar yin gwagwarmaya 100, an rasa sau 8 kawai.

Ya kamata a san cewa Ali ya kasance matalauta sosai a makaranta. Da zarar an bar shi har shekara ta biyu. Koyaya, godiya ga roƙon darektan, har yanzu yana iya samun takardar shaidar halarta.

A shekarar 1960, matashin dan dambe ya samu goron gayyata don halartar wasannin Olympic da aka yi a Rome.

A lokacin, Muhammad ya ƙirƙira shahararren salon faɗa. A cikin zobe, ya "yi rawa" a kusa da abokin hamayyar tare da hannayensa ƙasa. Don haka, ya tunzura abokin hamayyarsa don yawo yajin aiki na dogon zango, wanda daga can ya kware ya iya tserewa.

Masu horar da Ali da abokan aikin sa sun soki wannan dabarar, amma har yanzu zakaran da zai zo nan gaba bai canza salo ba.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce cewa Muhammad Ali ya sha wahala daga yanayin yanayin yanayi - tsoron tashi a cikin jirgin sama. Ya ji tsoron tashi zuwa Rome har ya siya wa kansa laima ya tashi a ciki.

A wasannin Olympics, dan damben ya lashe lambar zinare ta hanyar doke Pole Zbigniew Petszikowski a wasan karshe. Yana da kyau a lura cewa Zbigniew ya girmi Ali shekaru 9, yana da faɗa kusan 230 a cikin zobe.

Zuwan Amurka, Muhammad bai cire lambar yabo ba koda kuwa ya bi titi. Lokacin da ya shiga wani gidan cin abinci mai launuka iri-iri na gida kuma ya nemi menu, ba a yarda zakaran ya yi hidimar ba koda bayan ya nuna lambar yabo ta Olympics.

Ali yayi fushi matuka da ya fita daga gidan abincin ya jefa lambar a cikin kogin. A shekarar 1960, dan wasan ya fara fafatawa a fagen dambe, inda abokin karawarsa na farko shi ne Tanny Hansecker.

A jajibirin yakin, Muhammad ya fito karara ya ba da sanarwar cewa lallai zai ci shi, yana kiran abokin hamayyarsa gurnani. Sakamakon haka, ya sami nasarar kayar da Tunney da sauƙi.

Bayan haka, Angelo Dundee ya zama sabon kocin Ali, wanda ya sami damar zuwa sashensa. Bai sake horar da dan damben ba kamar yadda ya gyara fasaharsa ya ba da shawara.

A lokacin tarihin rayuwarsa, Muhammad Ali ya nemi biyan bukatar sa ta ruhaniya. A farkon 60s, ya haɗu da shugaban Nation of Islam, Iliya Muhammad.

Dan wasan ya shiga cikin wannan al'umma, wanda ya yi tasiri sosai game da halayensa.

Ali ya ci gaba da samun nasarori a cikin zoben, sannan kuma bisa radin kansa ya wuce hukumar a ofishin rajista da rajista na sojoji, amma ba a yarda da shi a cikin sojojin ba. Ya kasa cin gwajin hankali.

Muhammad bai iya lissafin awa nawa mutum yake aiki daga 6:00 zuwa 15:00 ba, la'akari da lokacin cin abincin rana. Yawancin labarai sun bayyana a cikin jaridu, wanda a cikin batun batun ƙarancin basirar ɗan dambe ya wuce gona da iri.

Ba da daɗewa ba Ali zai yi ba'a: "Na ce ni ne babba, ba mai wayo ba."

A farkon rabin shekarar 1962, dan damben ya ci nasarori 5 a bugun daga kai tsaye. Bayan haka, fada ya kaure tsakanin Muhammad da Henry Cooper.

'Yan kaɗan kafin ƙarshen zagaye na huɗu, Henry ya tura Ali zuwa bugawa mai nauyi. Kuma da a ce abokan Muhammad ba su yayyage safar hannun damben nasa ba, kuma da hakan ba su ba shi damar shan iska ba, to ƙarshen fadan zai iya zama daban.

A zagaye na 5, Ali ya yanke girar Cooper tare da duka da hannunsa, sakamakon haka aka dakatar da fadan.

Saduwa ta gaba tsakanin Muhammad da Liston sun kasance masu haske kuma ba su da matsala. Ali ya nuna zakara a duniya, sannan daga baya ya kamu da cutar hematoma.

A zagaye na hudu, ba zato ba tsammani ga kowa, Muhammad kusan daina gani. Ya yi korafin mummunan ciwo a idanunsa, amma kocin ya lallashe shi ya ci gaba da gwagwarmaya, yana motsawa kusa da zoben.

Zuwa zagaye na biyar, Ali ya sake gani, bayan haka ya fara aiwatar da jerin naushi na daidai. A sakamakon haka, a tsakiyar taron, Sonny ya ƙi ci gaba da faɗa.

Don haka, Muhammad Ali mai shekaru 22 ya zama sabon zakaran masu nauyi. Ali bai kasance na biyu ba a cikin damben dambe. Daga baya ya yi ritaya daga dambe na tsawon shekaru 3, ya dawo ne kawai a shekarar 1970.

A lokacin bazara na shekarar 1971, abin da ake kira "Yakin ƙarni" ya faru tsakanin Muhammad da Joe Fraser. A karo na farko a tarihi, an yi duel tsakanin tsohon zakaran da bai ci nasara ba da zakaran da bai ci nasara ba.

Kafin haduwa da Ali, a cikin al'adarsa, ya zagi Fraser ta hanyoyi daban-daban, yana kiransa ɗan iska da gorilla.

Muhammad yayi alkawarin fitar da abokin karawarsa a zagaye na 6, amma hakan bai samu ba. Fushi Joe ya sarrafa hare-haren Ali kuma akai-akai ana nufin kai da jikin tsohon zakaran.

A zagayen karshe, Fraser ya buge shi da karfi a kai, bayan haka Ali ya fadi kasa. Masu sauraron sun yi tunanin cewa ba zai tashi ba, amma har yanzu yana da isasshen ƙarfin da zai tashi ya gama fadan.

A sakamakon haka, nasarar ta koma ga Joe Fraser ta hanyar yanke shawara baki ɗaya, wanda ya zama ainihin abin mamaki. Daga baya, za a sake shiryawa, inda nasara za ta riga ta kasance ga Muhammad. Bayan haka Ali ya kayar da sanannen George Foreman.

A cikin 1975, yakin na uku tsakanin Muhammad da Fraser ya faru, wanda ya shiga cikin tarihi a matsayin "Mai ban sha'awa a Manila".

Ali ya kara zagin makiya, yana ci gaba da tabbatar da fifikon sa.

Yayin yakin, dukkan ‘yan damben sun nuna dambe mai kyau. Initiativeaddamarwa ta wuce zuwa ɗayan, sannan ga wani ɗan wasa. A karshen taron, arangamar ta rikide ta zama "gidan taya" na ainihi.

A wasan zagaye na karshe, alkalin wasan ya dakatar da fadan, saboda Fraser yana da babbar hematoma a karkashin idonsa na hagu. A lokaci guda, Ali ya fada a cikin kwanar sa cewa bashi da sauran karfi kuma ba zai iya ci gaba da taron ba.

Idan alkalin wasa bai dakatar da fadan ba, to ba a san abin da zai zama karshenta ba. Bayan an gama fadan, dukkanin mayakan biyu suna cikin tsananin gajiya.

Wannan taron ya sami matsayin "Yakin Shekara" a cewar mujallar wasanni "Zoben".

A tsawon shekarun tarihin rayuwarsa, Muhammad Ali ya yi gwagwarmaya 61, inda ya ci nasarori 56 (37 a bugun tazarar) da shan kashi 5. Ya zama zakaran damben boksin na duniya (1964-1966, 1974-1978), wanda ya lashe lambar yabo ta "Boxer of the Year" sau 6 da "Dambe na shekaru goma"

Rayuwar mutum

Muhammad Ali yayi aure sau 4. Ya rabu da matar sa ta farko ne saboda kasancewar ta da mummunan ra'ayi game da addinin musulunci.

Mata ta biyu Belinda Boyd (bayan auren Khalil Ali) ta haifa zakaran yara 4: dan Muhammad, 'yar Mariyum da tagwayen - Jamila da Rashida.

Daga baya, ma'auratan suka rabu, saboda Khalila ba za ta iya haƙura da cin amanar mijinta ba.

A karo na uku, Muhammad ya auri Veronica Porsh, wacce suka zauna tare da ita tsawon shekaru 9. A cikin wannan ƙungiyar, an haifi 'ya'ya mata 2 - Hana da Leila. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce Leila za ta zama zakarar damben duniya a nan gaba.

A 1986, Ali ya auri Iolanta Williams. Ma'auratan sun dauki wani yaro dan shekara 5 mai suna Asaad.

A wannan lokacin, Muhammadu ya riga ya kamu da cutar Parkinson. Ya fara jin mara kyau, magana kuma yana da iyakantaccen motsi.

Mummunan rashin lafiya sakamakon ayyukan damben mutumin. Ya kamata a lura cewa ɗan dambe yana da ƙarin 'ya'ya mata biyu masu lalata.

Mutuwa

A watan Yunin 2016, an kai Ali asibiti sakamakon matsalar huhu. Da rana yana jinya a ɗayan asibitocin Scottsdale, amma likitocin sun kasa ceton fitaccen ɗan damben.

Muhammad Ali ya mutu a ranar 3 ga Yuni, 2016, yana da shekara 74.