André Maurois (ainihin suna Emil Salomon Wilhelm Erzog; 1885-1967) - Marubucin Faransa, marubucin rubutu, marubuci kuma memba na Makarantar Faransa. Bayan haka, sunan karya ya zama sunansa na hukuma.
Memba a yakin duniya na daya da na biyu. Jagora kan nau'ikan tarihin rayuwa da kuma ɗan gajeren labari mai ban haushi.
Akwai abubuwan ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin Andre Maurois, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanku gajeriyar tarihin André Maurois.
Tarihin rayuwar Andre Maurois
An haifi André Maurois a ranar 26 ga Yuli, 1885 a cikin ƙaramin garin Faransa na Elbeuf a Normandy. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin gidan yahudawa masu wadata waɗanda suka koma addinin Katolika.
Mahaifin Andre, Ernest Erzog, da kakannin uba sun mallaki masana'antar saka a Alsace. Godiya ga kokarin su, ba iyalai kaɗai suka ƙaura zuwa Normandy ba, har ma da ma'aikata da yawa. A sakamakon haka, gwamnati ta ba kakan Maurois Dokar Sojan Faransa don ceton masana'antar ƙasa.
Lokacin da Andre yake kimanin shekara 12, ya shiga Rouen Lyceum, inda ya yi karatu na tsawon shekaru 4. Bayan kammala karatun, saurayin ya sami aiki a masana'antar mahaifinsa. Komai ya tafi daidai har zuwa barkewar yakin duniya na farko (1914-1918).
André Maurois ya je gaban 'yan shekaru 29. Ya yi aiki a matsayin mai fassarar soja da jami'in tuntuba. A wancan lokacin a cikin tarihin rayuwarsa, ya riga ya tsunduma cikin rubutu. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, shekarun da aka shafe a yakin za a nuna su a cikin littafinsa na farko The Silent Colonel Bramble.
Adabi
Bayan buga littafin The Silent Colonel Bramble, shaharar duniya ta zo ga Andre Maurois. Wannan aikin ya kasance babban nasara a ƙasashe da yawa, gami da Faransa, Burtaniya da Amurka.
Inarfafawa da nasarar sa ta farko, Maurois ya fara rubuta wani littafin, Magana ta Dr. O'Grady, wacce aka buga a 1921 kuma ba ta da wata nasara.
Ba da daɗewa ba Andre ya fara ba da haɗin kai tare da ɗab'in "Croix-de-feu", kuma bayan mutuwar mahaifinsa ya yanke shawarar sayar da masana'antar tare da yin rubutu kawai. Yana tattara abu don farkon tarihin rayuwa.
A cikin 1923, Morua ya wallafa littafin Ariel, ko Life of Shelley, kuma bayan shekaru 4 ya gabatar da wani tarihin rayuwa game da Firayim Ministan Burtaniya Benjamin Disraeli.
A cikin 1930, an buga wani aikin marubucin, wanda ke bayanin cikakken tarihin rayuwar Byron. An buga wannan jerin littattafan daga baya ƙarƙashin taken Romantic England.
A lokaci guda, sabbin litattafai sun fito daga alkalami na André Maurois, gami da "Bernard Quesnay". Littafin ya ba da labarin wani matashi soja wanda ba tare da son ransa ba, aka tilasta shi yin aiki a cikin kasuwancin dangi. Ba shi da wahala a gano yanayin tarihin rayuwar labarin.
A lokacin bazara na 1938, an zaɓi marubuci mai shekaru 53 zuwa Makarantar Koyon Faransanci. A shekara mai zuwa, lokacin da aka fara yakin duniya na biyu (1939-1945), André Maurois ya sake zuwa gaba tare da matsayin kyaftin.
Bayan da sojojin Hitler suka mamaye Faransa a cikin ‘yan makonni kaɗan, marubucin ya tafi Amurka. A Amurka, Maurois ya koyar na wani lokaci a Jami'ar Kansas. A cikin 1943, tare da sojojin sojojin ƙawancen, ya tafi St. Africa.
A can, Andre ya sadu da abokinsa kuma abokin aikinsa Antoine de Saint-Exupery, wanda yake matukin jirgin soja ne na aji na farko. A shekarar 1946 ya dawo gida, inda ya ci gaba da buga sabbin littattafai.
A lokacin, André Maurois shine marubucin tarihin rayuwar Chopin, Franklin da Washington. Ya kuma gabatar da tarin gajerun labarai, gami da "Hotel" da "Thanatos". Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a wannan lokacin ne ya yanke shawarar sanya sunansa na asali a matsayin sunan hukuma, sakamakon haka dole ya canza dukkan takaddun.
A cikin 1947, Tarihin Faransa ya bayyana a ɗakunan littattafai - farkon jerin littattafai akan tarihin ƙasashe. Bayan fewan shekaru kaɗan, Maurois ya wallafa tarin ayyukan da suka dace da kundin 16.
A lokaci guda, marubucin ya fara aiki a shahararrun shahararrun duniya "Wasiku ga Baƙo", waɗanda aka ƙaddara da ma'ana mai zurfi, raha da kuma hikima mai amfani. Ya kuma ci gaba da buga tarihin rayuwar shahararrun mutane, ciki har da Georges Sand, Alexandre Dumas, Victor Hugo, Honore de Balzac, da sauransu.
Tarihin rayuwar dan adam André Maurois - "Memoirs", wanda aka buga a shekarar 1970, shekaru 3 bayan mutuwar marubucin. Ya bayyana abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa daga rayuwar marubuci, da kuma tattaunawarsa da mashahuran jami'ai, masu zane-zane, marubuta, masu tunani da masu fasaha.
Rayuwar mutum
Matar farko ta Andre Maurois ita ce Jeanne-Marie Shimkiewicz. A cikin wannan auren, an haifi yarinya Michelle da yara maza 2, Gerald da Olivier. Bayan shekara 11 da aure, mutumin ya zama bazawara. Jeanne-Marie ta mutu ne sakamakon cutar sepsis.
Sannan marubucin ya auri wata mata mai suna Simon Kayave. Ma'aurata suna da kyakkyawar dangantaka. Andre ya zauna dabam da Simon na ɗan lokaci.
A wannan lokacin, Maurois yana da kusanci da wasu mata, wanda matar sa ta doka ta sani. Ma'auratan basu taba haihuwa ba a wannan auren.
Mutuwa
André Maurois ya mutu a ranar 9 ga Oktoba, 1967 yana da shekara 82. Ya bar baya da gadon gaske. Ya yi rubuce-rubuce game da littattafai kusan ɗari biyu da kuma labarai da rubuce-rubuce fiye da dubu.
Kari akan haka, shi marubucin aphorisms ne da yawa wadanda har yanzu basu rasa dacewarsu ba.
Hoto daga André Maurois
