Mark Semenovich Solonin (genus. Marubucin littattafai da dama da rubuce-rubuce game da Babban Yaƙin rioasa (1941-1945).
Yawancin masu sukar ra'ayi suna danganta ayyukan marubuci a kan batutuwan soja zuwa nau'ikan sake fasalin tarihi - sauyin ra'ayoyin ra'ayi na tarihi da aka kafa a kowane yanki.
Akwai tarihin gaskiya game da rayuwar Solonin, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanka gajeriyar tarihin Mark Solonin.
Tarihin tarihin naman sa
An haifi Mark Solonin a ranar 29 ga Mayu, 1958 a Kuibyshev. Ya girma a cikin dangi mai sauƙi tare da matsakaicin kuɗin shiga. Mahaifinsa ya yi aiki a matsayin masanin fasaha a wata itaciya, kuma mahaifiyarsa ta koyar da Jamusanci a jami'o'in yankin.
A makaranta, Mark ya sami manyan maki a duk fannoni, sakamakon haka ya kammala karatunsa da lambar zinare. Bayan haka, ya samu nasarar cin jarrabawar a Kuibyshev Aviation Institute, yana zabar malanta na jirgin sama.
A lokacin da yake da shekaru 23, Solonin ya kare rubutun nasa kan batun "Jirgin mara matuki na yawan amfani dashi". Sannan yayi aiki na kimanin shekaru 6 a matsayin mai zane a ofishin zane na gida.
A cikin 1987, Mark ya sami aiki a matsayin mai kashe gobara a ɗakin tukunyar jirgi. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a lokacin perestroika, ya kasance ɗaya daga cikin masu shirya kulab ɗin zamantakewa da siyasa a cikin birni. A wannan lokacin, mutumin ya riga ya fara zurfafa bincike kan taken Babban Yaƙin rioan rioasa.
Rubuta aiki
An buga labaran farko na Solonin ta hanyar samizdat. A cikin 1988 ayyukansa suka fara bayyana a cikin jaridun Samara. Bayan rugujewar USSR, an tilasta masa shiga cikin ƙananan kasuwanci, yana ƙoƙarin ciyar da iyalinsa.
Daga ƙarshen 90s zuwa ƙarshen 2013, Mark Solonin ya yi karatun ta natsu sosai game da takaddun kimiyya da na tarihi. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa an shigar dashi cikin tarihin Moscow, Podolsk da Freiburg. A wannan lokacin, ya sami nasarar buga littattafai 7 da kuma labarai da yawa.
Ayyukan Solonin sun sami babban shahara ba kawai a Rasha ba, har ma a yawancin ƙasashen Turai. A cikin bazarar 2010, yana cikin waɗanda suka sanya hannu kan roƙon 'yan adawar Rasha "Putin dole ne ya bar".
A waccan shekarun, tarihin rayuwar Mark Semenovich galibi yana halartar tarurrukan kimiyya da na tarihi. Ya gabatar da jawabai a Estonia, Lithuania, Slovakia da USA. Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin ayyukansa marubucin ya mai da hankalinsa ga farkon Babban Yaƙin rioasa.
A daya daga cikin tambayoyin da ya yi, Solonin ya yi magana game da abubuwan da suka faru a ranar 22 ga Yuni, 1941: "... Shiga Stalin a cikin yakin wani abu ne makamancin gaskiyar cewa maye hanyuga ya bugu, ya bankawa gidan wuta a cikin maye, sa'annan ya farka ya ruga don kashe shi ...". Ya yi adawa da ra'ayin da aka kafa cewa a ranar farko ta yaƙin, sojojin Jamusawa sun yi wa Soviet Union mummunan rauni.
A cewar Mark Solonin, tankokin yaki da manyan bindigogi ba za su iya kai hari kan wuraren da ke da nisan sama da kilomita fiye da kan iyakar Soviet ba. Bugu da kari, dole ne mutum yayi la'akari da gaskiyar cewa kashi 90% na bangarorin Red Army sun kasance a wajen wannan yankin.
Har ila yau, Solonin ya musanta yiwuwar kai hari ta sama-da-sauri saboda gaskiyar cewa a wancan lokacin tashin bama-bamai ta iska ba shi da wani tasiri. Bugu da kari, a cewar marubucin, babu mayaka da yawa a cikin Luftwaffe.
A cikin litattafansa, Mark Solonin ya tuna cewa mafi girma a cikin sojojin Soviet ya faru ne kawai bayan watan farko na yaƙe-yaƙe. Adadin jirgin saman da aka lalata na USSR (jiragen ruwa 800) a ranar farko ta yaƙi, ya kira sam sam mara hankali. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa an saka jirgin sama da aka watsar a filayen jirgi a cikin wannan jeren baya.
A lokacin tarihin rayuwar 2010-2011. Solonin ya gabatar da bincike na kundin tarihi mai kundi 2 na dalilai da yanayin cin nasarar sojojin sama na gundumomin kan iyaka na yamma, bisa dogaro da takaddun mulki masu yawa.
Marubucin ya soki ayyukan shugabancin USSR, wanda ya yi kira ga mutane da kada su firgita kuma sun ƙi bayyana babban taron (ƙaddamar da fara a ranar 23 ga Yuni).
Ra'ayoyin Mark Solonin suna da kimar fahimta a cikin al'umma. Yawancin masana tarihi, 'yan jarida da sauran masana kimiyya suna kiran shi ɗayan manyan masana tarihi na zamani, yayin da sauran masana masu iko, akasin haka, suna zarginsa da ƙarya da zartar da hukunci na abubuwa da yawa.
Masana Rasha da yawa sun zargi Solonin da zargin sanya kansa burin tabbatar da zaluncin 'yan Nazi akan Tarayyar Soviet, yin kazafi, ko ma karyata martabar mutanen Soviet.
Mark Solonin a yau
A 2014-2016. Solonin ya gabatar da labarai da yawa kan batun zaluncin Rasha da Ukraine. A cikinsu, ya sake sukar manufofin Vladimir Putin.
Tun daga 2016, marubucin ya zauna a Estonia, inda yake mai haɗin gwiwa kuma babban mai tsara Pyroheat OU. Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haka, ya zama memba na Freeungiyar Tarihi na Tarihi na Rashanci.
Ba da dadewa ba, Mark Semenovich ya caccaki sabon Ministan Al'adun Rasha kuma Doctor na Tarihin Tarihi Vladimir Medinsky, yana kwatanta ayyukansa da farfagandar Joseph Goebbels.
Hotunan Solonina