Thomas de Torquemada (Torquemada; 1420-1498) - mahaliccin bincike na Mutanen Espanya, Babban Masanin binciken farko na Spain. Shi ne wanda ya fara tsananta wa Moors da yahudawa a Spain.
Akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Torquemada, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanku gajeriyar tarihin Thomas de Torquemada.
Tarihin Torquemada
An haifi Thomas de Torquemada a ranar 14 ga Oktoba 14, 1420 a garin Valladolid na Spain. Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dangin Juan Torquemada, waziri na umarnin Dominican, wanda a wani lokaci ya shiga cikin Katolika na Constance.
Af, babban aikin babban cocin shi ne kawo ƙarshen rabuwar cocin Katolika. A cikin shekaru 4 masu zuwa, wakilan limamai sun yi nasarar warware batutuwa da yawa da suka shafi sabunta cocin da kuma koyarwar cocin. Ya karɓi mahimman takardu 2.
Na farko ya bayyana cewa majalisa, wakiltar dukan cocin duniya, tana da iko mafi girma da Kristi ya ba ta, kuma gaba ɗaya ya zama tilas kowa ya miƙa wuya ga wannan hukuma. A karo na biyu, an ba da rahoton cewa za a gudanar da majalisar kan ci gaba bayan wani lokaci.
Kawun Thomas sanannen masanin ilimin tauhidi ne kuma kadinal Juan de Torquemada, wanda kakanninsa suka yi baftisma Yahudawa. Bayan saurayin ya sami ilimin tiyoloji, sai ya shiga cikin tsarin Dominican.
Lokacin da Torquemada ya kai shekaru 39, an ba shi matsayi na abban gidan sufi na Santa Cruz la Real. Ya kamata a lura cewa mutumin ya bambanta ta hanyar salon rayuwa.
Daga baya, Thomas Torquemada ya zama jagora na ruhaniya na Sarauniya mai zuwa Isabella 1 ta Castile. Ya yi ƙoƙari sosai don tabbatar da cewa Isabella ta hau gadon sarauta kuma ta auri Ferdinand 2 na Aragon, wanda mai binciken ma ya yi tasiri sosai.
Yana da kyau a ce Torquemada ƙwararren malami ne a fannin ilimin tauhidi. Ya mallaki taurin kai da rashin nutsuwa, kuma ya kasance mai kishin addinin Katolika. Godiya ga duk waɗannan halayen, ya sami damar yin tasiri har ma da Paparoma.
A 1478, bisa bukatar Ferdinand da Isabella, Paparoma ya kafa Kotun a Sifen Kotun Mai Tsarki na Inquisition. Shekaru biyar bayan haka, ya nada Thomas a matsayin Babban Mai Binciken.
Torquemada an ɗora alhakin haɗa kan shugabannin siyasa da na addini. A saboda wannan dalili, ya aiwatar da sauye-sauye da yawa da haɓaka ayyukan binciken.
Daya daga cikin masana tarihi na lokacin, mai suna Sebastian de Olmedo, yayi maganar Thomas Torquemada a matsayin "guduma ta yan bidi'a" kuma mai ceton Spain. Koyaya, a yau sunan mai binciken ya zama suna na mashahurin mai kishin addinin.
Ationsididdigar aiki
Don kawar da farfagandar bidi'a, Torquemada, kamar sauran malaman addinin Turai, ya yi kira da a ƙona littattafan da ba Katolika ba, musamman marubutan Yahudawa da Larabawa, a kan gungumen azaba. Don haka, ya yi ƙoƙari kada ya “zubar” da tunanin 'yan ƙasa tare da karkatacciyar koyarwa.
Masanin tarihi na farko na binciken, Juan Antonio Llorente, yayi ikirarin cewa yayin da Tomás Torquemada shine shugaban Cocin Mai Tsarki, an kona mutane 8,800 da rai a Spain kuma an azabtar da kusan 27,000. Yana da kyau a lura cewa wasu masana na ganin wadannan alkaluman sun wuce gona da iri.
Wata hanya ko wata, godiya ga ƙoƙarin Torquemada, ya yiwu a sake haɗu da masarautun Castile da Aragon zuwa daula ɗaya - Spain. A sakamakon haka, sabuwar da aka kafa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin mafiya tasiri a cikin Turai.
Mutuwa
Bayan shekaru 15 na aiki a matsayin Babban Mai Binciken, Thomas Torquemada ya mutu a ranar 16 ga Satumba, 1498 yana da shekara 77. An washe kabarinsa a 1832, 'yan shekaru kaɗan kafin a binciki Inquisition a ƙarshe.
A cewar wasu majiyoyi, ana zargin an sace kasusuwan mutumin an kona su a kan gungumen.
Hotunan Torquemada
