Alphonse Gabriel «Babban Al» Capone (1899-1947) - Dan kungiyar asirin Amurka dan asalin kasar Italiya, yana aiki a tsakanin shekarun 1920 zuwa 1930 a yankin Chicago. A karkashin suturar kasuwancin kayan daki, ya tsunduma cikin sana'ar sayar da kayayyaki, caca da pimping.
Ya ba da hankali ga sadaka ta hanyar buɗe cibiyar sadarwar yara kanana marasa aikin yi. Wani mashahurin wakilin aikata laifuka a Amurka na zamanin Haramtawa da Babban Takaici, wanda ya samo asali kuma ya wanzu a can karkashin tasirin mafia na Italiya.
Akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin rayuwar Al Capone, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, ga takaitaccen tarihin rayuwar Alphonse Gabriel Capone.
Tarihin rayuwar Al Capone
An haifi Al Capone a ranar Janairu 17, 1899 a New York. Ya girma a cikin dangin baƙi na Italiya waɗanda suka zo Amurka a cikin 1894. Mahaifinsa, Gabriele Capone, ya kasance mai gyaran gashi, kuma mahaifiyarsa, Teresa Raiola, tana aiki a matsayin mai sutura.
Alfonse yana da na huɗu cikin yara 9 tare da iyayensa. Tun yana yaro, ya fara nuna alamun mai tabin hankali. A makaranta, yakan shiga cikin rikici tare da abokan aji da malamai.
Lokacin da Capone yake kimanin shekaru 14, ya auka wa malamin da dunƙule, bayan haka bai sake komawa makaranta ba. Bayan barin makarantar, saurayin ya sami abin biyan buƙatunsa na ɗan lokaci na ɗan lokaci har sai da ya shiga cikin yanayin mafia.
Mafiya
Yayinda yake matashi, Al Capone ya fada cikin tasirin wani dan damfara dan kasar Italia dan kasar Amurka mai suna Johnny Torrio, ya shiga kungiyar sa ta masu laifi. Bayan lokaci, wannan rukunin ya shiga cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi biyar.
A farkon wayewar gari game da tarihin sa na laifi, Capone yayi aiki a matsayin mai bayar da tallafi a kungiyar kwallon kafa ta bil'adama. Ya kamata a lura da cewa a zahiri wannan ma'aikata ta zama abin rufewa don karɓar rashawa da caca ba bisa doka ba.
Alfonse yana da sha'awar wasan bil'adama, sakamakon hakan ya kai matuka cikin wannan wasan. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a duk tsawon shekara, bai yi rashin nasara ba a wata gasa da aka gudanar a Brooklyn. Saurayin yana son aikinsa, wanda ya shafi haɗarin rayuwarsa.
Wata rana, Capone ya yi faɗa da wani mai laifi Frank Gallucho, wanda ya yanka shi a kumatun hagu da wuka. Bayan wannan ne Alfonse ya sami laƙabi "Scarface".
Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa Al Capone kansa ya ji kunyar wannan tabon kuma ya danganta bayyanar ta da shiga cikin tashin hankali lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Farko (1914-1918). Koyaya, a zahiri, bai taɓa yin aikin soja ba. A cikin shekaru 18, 'yan sanda sun riga sun saurari mutumin.
Ana zargin Capone da aikata manyan laifuka, gami da kisan kai 2. A saboda wannan dalili, an tilasta masa barin New York, kuma bayan Torrio ya zauna a Chicago.
Anan ya ci gaba da aikata ayyukan laifi. Musamman, ya tsunduma cikin lalata a gidajen karuwai na cikin gida.
Abin mamaki, a wancan lokacin, ba a girmama pimps a cikin lahira. Koyaya, Babban Al ya sami damar canza gidan karuwai zuwa mashaya mai hawa 4, The Deuces Hudu, inda a kowane bene akwai gidan mashaya, jingina, gidan caca da gidan karuwai kanta.
Wannan kafa ya fara jin daɗin irin wannan babbar nasarar da ya kawo ribar kusan dala miliyan 35 a shekara, wanda a sake yin lissafin yau daidai yake da kusan dala miliyan 420! Ba da daɗewa ba aka yi ƙoƙari 2 a kan Johnny Torrio. Kodayake dan fashin ya iya rayuwa, ya ji mummunan rauni.
A sakamakon haka, Torrio ya yanke shawarar yin ritaya, yana mai ba da alƙawarin Al Capone, wanda a lokacin yake ɗan shekara 26, zuwa wurinsa. Don haka, mutumin ya zama shugaban ɗaukacin daular masu laifi, wanda ya haɗa da mayaƙa 1000.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce Capone wanda shine marubucin irin wannan ra'ayi kamar racketeering. Mafia sun taimaka wajen yada karuwanci ta hanyar aiki a karkashin 'yan sanda da kananan hukumomi, wadanda aka ba su cin hanci da rashawa. A lokaci guda, Alfonse ya yi yaƙi ba tare da jin kai ba tare da masu fafatawa da shi.
A sakamakon haka, rikici tsakanin 'yan fashi ya kai matsayin da ba a taba gani ba. Masu laifin sun yi amfani da bindigogi, gurneti da sauran manyan makamai a harbe-harben. A lokacin 1924-1929. a irin wannan "fito-na-fito" an kashe 'yan fashi sama da 500.
A halin yanzu, Al Capone yana kara samun daukaka a cikin al'umma, yana zama ɗayan manyan yan daba a tarihin Amurka. Baya ga caca da karuwanci, ya sami riba mai yawa, ya yi fasakwaurin barasa, wanda a wancan lokacin aka hana shi.
Don ɓoye asalin kuɗaɗen shigar sa, Capone ya buɗe babban sarkar wanki a cikin ƙasar, yana bayyana a cikin sanarwar cewa yana samun miliyoyin sa daga kasuwancin wanki. Wannan shine yadda sanannen furucin nan na "safarar kuɗi" ya bayyana.
Yawancin manyan 'yan kasuwa sun juya ga Al Capone don taimako. Sun biya shi makuden kudade don kare kansu daga wasu gungun, kuma wani lokacin daga ‘yan sanda.
Kisan ranar soyayya
Kasancewa yana shugaban masarautar masu laifi, Al Capone yaci gaba da lalata duk masu fafatawa. A saboda wannan dalili, yawancin gungun mashahuran mutane sun mutu. Ya kawar da kungiyoyin mafia gaba ɗaya na Irish, Russia da Mexico a Chicago, ya ɗauki garin "a hannunsa."
Abubuwan fashewar da aka sanya a cikin motoci galibi ana amfani da su don halakar da mutanen da “Great Alu” ba ya so. Sunyi aiki kai tsaye bayan sun kunna wutar.
Al Capone yana da alaƙa da abin da ake kira Kisan ranar soyayya. Hakan ya faru ne a ranar 14 ga Fabrairu, 1929 a cikin gareji, inda ɗayan gungun ke ɓoye barasa ta haramtacciyar hanya. Mayakan dauke da makamai, sanye da kayan 'yan sanda, sun kutsa kai cikin garejin tare da umartar kowa ya yi layi tare da bangon.
Masu fafatawa sun zaci cewa su jami'an zahirin doka ne, don haka suka yi biyayya suka tunkari bango da hannayensu sama. Koyaya, maimakon binciken da ake tsammani, duk maza an harbe su da raini. Irin wannan harbe-harben ya maimaitu fiye da sau ɗaya, wanda ya haifar da babban karɓa a cikin jama'a kuma ya shafi mummunan sunan ɗan fashi.
Ba a sami shaidar kai tsaye ta hannun Al Capone a cikin waɗannan abubuwan ba, don haka babu wanda aka hukunta saboda waɗannan laifukan. Amma duk da haka, "Kisan kiyashi a ranar masoya" wanda ya jagoranci hukumomin tarayya ɗaukar ayyukan "Great Al" da ƙima da ɗoki.
Na dogon lokaci, jami'an FBI ba su iya samun jagorar da zai ba su damar sanya Capone a bayan gidan yari ba. Bayan lokaci, sun sami nasarar gabatar da mai laifin a gaban shari'a game da batun haraji.
Rayuwar mutum
Ko da yana saurayi, Al Capone yana cikin kusanci da karuwai. Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa tun yana ɗan shekara 16 an gano shi da wasu cututtukan da ake ɗauka ta hanyar jima'i, gami da syphilis.
Lokacin da saurayin yake dan shekara 19, ya auri wata yarinya mai suna May Josephine Coughlin. Ya kamata a lura cewa an haifi ɗa daga cikin ma'aurata kafin aure. May ta haifi ɗa namiji mai suna Albert. Abin sha'awa, an gano cewa yaron ya kamu da cutar sihiri, wanda aka ba shi daga mahaifinsa.
Bugu da kari, an gano Albert tare da kamuwa da cutar mastoid - wani kumburi na murfin mucous a bayan kunne. Wannan ya haifar da yiwa jaririn tiyatar kwakwalwa. A sakamakon haka, ya kasance kurmanci har zuwa ƙarshen kwanakinsa.
Duk da sunan mahaifinsa, Albert ya girma ya zama ɗan ƙasa mai bin doka. Kodayake a tarihin rayuwarsa akwai wani lamari da ya shafi ƙaramar sata a cikin wani shago, wanda ya karɓi shekaru 2 na gwaji. Tuni ya girma, zai canza sunansa na karshe Capone - zuwa Brown.
Kurkuku da mutuwa
Tunda hukumomin tilasta doka ba su iya samun ingantacciyar hujja game da shigar Al Capone a cikin laifukan aikata laifi ba, sai suka sake samun wata hanyar, suna zarginsa da kaucewa biyan harajin kudin shiga a cikin dala 388,000.
A cikin bazarar 1932, an yanke wa sarkin mafia hukuncin shekaru 11 a kurkuku da kuma tara mai yawa. Likitocin sun gano shi da cutar sikila da cutar sankara, da kuma shan hodar iblis. An tura shi zuwa wani kurkuku a Atlanta, inda ya yi takalma.
Bayan wasu shekaru, an tura Capone zuwa wani kurkukun da ke kewayen tsibirin Alcatraz. Anan ya yi daidai da dukkan fursunoni, ba shi da ƙarfin da ba shi da shi da daɗewa. Bugu da kari, lalata da cutar rashin hankali sun yi matukar illa ga lafiyarsa.
A cikin shekaru 11, dan damfara ya yi aiki ne kawai 7, saboda rashin lafiya. Bayan fitowar sa, an yi masa maganin paresis (wanda ya faru sanadiyyar ƙarshen syphilis), amma ba zai iya shawo kan wannan cutar ba.
Daga baya, yanayin hankali da hankalin mutum ya fara raguwa da yawa. A watan Janairun 1947 ya yi fama da bugun jini kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka gano shi da ciwon huhu. Al Capone ya mutu a ranar 25 ga Janairun 1947 daga kamuwa da bugun zuciya yana da shekaru 48.
Al Capone ne ya dauki hoto
