Cocin Holy Sepulchre shine ɗayan mahimman wurare ga duk wakilan Kiristanci, tunda yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da zuwan Almasihu. Dubunnan mutane suna zuwa Urushalima kowace rana waɗanda ke da'awar cewa jin bayan sun ziyarci haikalin ba za a iya isar da su da kalmomi ba, saboda duk abin da ke kewaye yana cike da ruhaniya, kuma babu hotuna da za su ba da kyawawan abubuwan da ke cikin yanayin ginin cocin yanzu.
Tarihin kirkiro Cocin na Holy Sepulchre
An gina haikalin dubban shekaru da suka gabata, amma ga Kiristoci wannan wurin ya kasance gidan ibada koyaushe. A cikin 135, an gina haikalin Venus a yankin kogon. Cocin farko sun bayyana albarkacin St. Sarauniya Elena. Sabon haikalin ya faɗi daga Golgotha zuwa Gicciye mai ba da rai.
Dukan hadaddun sun ƙunshi keɓaɓɓun gine-gine. Wadannan sun hada da:
- Haikalin da aka keɓe-mausoleum;
- Basilica tare da crypt;
- farfajiyar peristyle
Fuskokin Cocin tashin matattu da adonsu an kawata su da kwalliya. Tsarin hasken ya faru ne a ranar 13 ga Satumba, 335.
Muna ba da shawarar karantawa game da Haikalin Sama.
A shekara ta 614, sojojin Farisa suka kai wa Isra’ila hari, bayan haka kuma aka kame mahallin kuma aka lalata shi. An sake gina maimaitawa ta 626. Shekaru goma bayan haka, an sake kai wa cocin hari, amma a wannan karon wuraren bautar ba su lalace ba.
A farkon karni na 11, Al-Hakim bi-Amrullah ne ya ruguza Haikalin mai alfarma. Daga baya, Konstantin Monomakh ya sami izini don maido da babban coci. A sakamakon haka, ya gina sabon haikalin, amma a wasu lokuta ya fi na wanda ya gabace shi girma. Gine-ginen sun yi kama da ɗakunan sujada guda ɗaya; rotunda na Resurre iyãma ya kasance babban ginin.
A lokacin Yakin Jihadi, an sake gina hadadden tare da abubuwa irin na Romanesque, sakamakon haka sabon haikalin ya sake rufe dukkan tsarkakakkun wurare masu alaƙa da kasancewar Yesu a Urushalima. Har ila yau, gine-ginen ya gano Gothic, amma asalin bayyanar babban cocin tare da ginshiƙai, waɗanda ake kira "ginshiƙan Helena", an kiyaye su ta wani ɓangare.
A tsakiyar karni na 16, hasumiyar kararrawar da aka sake gina ta fadi kadan saboda girgizar kasa. A lokaci guda, ƙarfin majami'ar Franciscan ya faɗaɗa haikalin. Sun kuma kula da kayan ado na ciki na cuvuklia.
A shekara ta 1808, gobara ta barke, sanadiyyar alfarwar da ke saman kabarin da kuvukliya sun yi barna sosai. Gyaran ya dauki kimanin shekaru biyu, bayan haka an gyara barnar, kuma a cikin shekarun 60 na karni na 19 an ba dome siffar wani yanki, wanda ya sa ya zama kamar Anastasis, wanda Constantine the Great ya kirkira.
A tsakiyar karni na 20, tsare-tsaren sun kasance sake fasalin haikalin a duniya, amma shirin bai yi aiki ba saboda WWII. A cikin 1959, maidowa mai girman gaske ta fara, kuma daga baya, zuwa ƙarshen ƙarni, an canza dome kuma. A cikin 2013, an kawo ƙarshen karrarawa daga Rasha kuma an sanya su a wurin da aka tsara.
Dariku da hanyoyin da suka kafa
Tun da haikalin shine asalin Kiristanci, ƙungiyoyi shida suna da 'yancin gudanar da ayyuka a ciki. Dukansu suna da ɗakin sujada, kowanne yana da takamaiman lokacin addu'a. Don haka, an ba Golgotha da Katolika ga Cocin Orthodox. Ana yin Liturgy a Cuvuklia bi da bi a sa'o'i daban-daban.
Don tabbatar da zaman lafiya cikin dangantakar furci, mabuɗan haikalin an miƙa su ga dangin Musulmi tun shekara ta 1192. An ba da damar buɗe ƙofofin ga wani dangin Musulmi. Masu riƙe maɓalli ba su canzawa, kuma an gaji gado a cikin waɗannan lamura biyu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa dangane da Haikalin
A cikin tarihin haikalin, an tara abubuwan gani da yawa waɗanda ke da mahimmanci ga wakilan addinai daban-daban. A yayin rangadin, ana nuna matakalar da ba ta motsi, an sanya ta tsakanin ɓangarorin sama na ginin. A baya can, sufaye suna amfani da shi don shigarwa da sauri, yanzu ba a cire shi ba, tunda alama ce ta ƙa'idar tsari tsakanin furci. Tallafin matakalar yana kan yankin Orthodox, kuma ƙarshenta yana haɗe da ɓangaren ikirarin Armeniya. Canje-canje ga ƙirar haikalin za a iya yin ta ne kawai tare da yardar wakilai na furci shida, don haka babu wanda ya kuskura ya cire wannan ɓangaren daga abin da ya gabata.
Ofayan ginshiƙan facade na Haikalin Ubangiji ya rabu. Wannan ɗayan mu'ujizozin da aka bayyana a cikin almara. Wani fashewa ya tashi a 1634 ranar Asabar mai tsarki. Saboda banbancin ranakun da ake yin bikin Easter, rikici ya barke tsakanin ikirari, saboda ba a ba wa mabiya darikar Orthodox damar shiga cocin su gudanar da bikin saukar da Wuta Mai Tsarki. Waɗanda suka zo wurin hidimar sun yi addu'a daidai a bangon babban cocin, sakamakon haka, daga walƙiya daga ƙwanƙolin, Wutar Mai Tsarki ta tashi. Dangane da al'adun Orthodox, dole ne a kunna kyandirori 33 daga Wuta Mai Tsarki, wanda, a ƙarshen hidimar, ana ɗauke su zuwa gida don tsabtace da kare murhun iyali.
Galibi masu yawon bude ido suna da sha'awar kallon Dutse Mai, inda aka kawo Yesu bayan gicciye shi. Ya sami wannan suna ne saboda an ɗora masa jiki don a shafa masa mai kafin a binne shi. Mafi kyawun gunkin mosaic yana ƙawata bangon da ke gaban Dutsen Shafa. Yayin yawon shakatawa, dole ne su faɗi game da gunkin Uwar Allah da wani ɓangare na gunkin Uwar Allah Mai Baƙin ciki.
Don taimakawa masu yawon bude ido
Masu yawon bude ido da suka zo Urushalima suna mamakin inda Cocin Holy Sepulchre take. Adireshinsa: Old Town, Christian Quarter. Ba shi yiwuwa a tsallake hadadden; ba kwa buƙatar tambayar masu wucewa-ta kwatancen. Lokacin buɗewa a cikin 2016 ya bambanta dangane da kakar. A lokacin bazara da bazara, zaku iya zama akan yankin daga awanni 5 zuwa 20, kuma a lokacin kaka da hunturu daga 4:30 zuwa 19:00.
Kowa na iya siyan kayan tarihin da ba za a manta da su ba, saya bayanan kiwon lafiya ko kuma ɗaukar hoto da ba za a iya mantawa da su ba. Koyaya, ainihin ziyartar haikalin zai bar yawan motsin rai, menene zamu iya fada game da waɗanda suka yi sa'a waɗanda suka halarci ɗayan al'adu, misali, bikin aure.
