Smolny Historical and Architectural Complex a St. Petersburg an san shi a matsayin babban abin tarihi na tarihin duniya. Wuri na musamman a cikin rukunin taron yana da Katolika na Smolny na Tashin Kiristi - misali na musamman na gine-ginen Orthodox na Rasha, abin alfahari da birni.
Takeauki lokaci don ziyartar babban coci, bincika maɗaukakiyar abin al'ajabi, ka ji daɗin jin daɗin kyan ruhaniya, kuma ka fahimci kanka da mawuyacin halinsa. Menene musamman game da haikalin?
Milestones a cikin tarihin sufi da kuma Smolny Cathedral
Kirkirarta ya fara ne a shekarar 1748. Tsarina Elizaveta Petrovna ta zabi yankin da aka yi resin domin jigilar kaya a farkon karni na 18, kuma daga baya ta zauna a gidan sarautar da aka gina a nan a yarinta. Ginin ventan Mutuwar Novodevichy an ba shi amanar ginin gidan kotu B.F. Rastrelli. An shimfiɗa sabon abu tare da bikin ƙawanya:
- hidimar sallah;
- kyakkyawan dandamali tsara;
- salula fiye da 100 daga bindigogi dozin biyu.
An kammala bikin tare da cin abinci na idin ga mutane 56. Gabaɗaya, mun fara ne bisa ga al'adar Rasha, don kiwon lafiya.
An gudanar da aikin bisa ga samfurin. Masu sana'a sun gina shi a kan babban tebur a cikin tsari wanda asalin asali ya kamata a ƙirƙira shi. Tsarin mai ginin shine ƙirƙirar hasumiyar ƙararrawa mai hawa biyar, tsayin ta (mita 140) zai wuce ƙirar Peter da Paul Fortress. Wannan shirin bai zama gaskiya ba. Yaƙe-yaƙe, rashin kuɗi, rashin fa'ida a cikin Katolika na Smolny, matsalolin ƙungiyoyi sun jinkirta aikin.
Elizabeth tayi tunanin nadin gidan sufi a horon yara mata masu asali. Daga baya, Catherine II ta kafa ofungiyar Maidwararrun Maidwararrun andwararrun andan mata a nan kuma makaranta ce ta girlsan mata na ajin burgesois. Paliban Societyungiyar daga baya sun fara karatu a Cibiyar Smolny, gagarumin gini irin na gargajiya, wanda D. Quarenghi ya gina. Don haka, duk lokacin da ya bayyana a gaban babban cocin, sai ya ta da hular girmamawa ya ce wannan haikalin ne na gaske!
A karkashin Nicholas I a 1835, shekaru 87 bayan farawa, V.P. ya kammala ginin babban cocin Stasov
Cathedral a cikin duhun karni na 20
Juyin mulkin Oktoba a farkon karni ya bude wani shafi mai ban tsoro a tarihin gidan sufa. 'Yan juyin juya halin sun mallaki yankin ba tare da bin ka'ida ba. Makomar Katolika ta Smolny a ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet ta zama abin baƙin ciki:
- 20s - wani kyakkyawan gini ya zama sito.
- 1931 - an yanke babban cocin ta hanyar shawarar Bolsheviks, kuma an washe dukiyar coci.
- 1972 - an cire iconostasis, sauran abubuwan da suka rage sun zama mallakar gidajen tarihi.
- 1990 - sashen gidan kayan tarihin tarihi.
- 1991 - zauren kaɗan ya fara aiki, an maimaita Choungiyar Mawaƙa.
A cikin bazarar 2009, anyi hidimar addua a cikin babban coci na dogon lokaci a karo na farko a cikin shekaru da yawa, kuma a watan Afrilu 2010, sabis na yau da kullun ya fara. Ya kasance rana mai mahimmanci tare da taya murna da kyaututtuka, fitowar lambar yabo da kuma ambulan na bikin. A cikin 2015, Ikilisiyar Orthodox ta Rasha ta karɓi haikalin, an lalata sassanta. An soke ƙungiyar mawaƙa a ɗakin kuma ba ta da suna. A ƙarshe, a cikin hunturu na shekarar 2016, babban cocin ya sami ikon mallakar diocese na St. Petersburg. An kammala labarin mai ban mamaki tare da kammala maido da gidaje, facades, rufi da gicciye a cikin 2016.
Puffy kayan haikalin
Halittar Jagora wacce ba ta misaltuwa ta kasance ta salon alatu ta Baroque tare da ado, zane-zane, zane-zane masu kyau da wadatattun bayanai. Embleungiyar haɗuwa ce guda ɗaya a cikin haɗuwa mai haɗuwa da launuka fari da shuɗi, alama ce ta tsabta da tsabta. Smolny Cathedral an shiryar zuwa sama kuma da alama yana iyo a cikin gajimare. An yi wa ƙofar ado da ɗakunan ajiya da baranda, ana yin aikin buɗewa na shinge gwargwadon zane-zanen V.P. Stasov.
Babban dome yana kewaye da majami'u guda huɗu. Waɗannan su ne hasumiyoyin kararrawa tare da dome da albasa ɗauke da giciye. Ginin ya tsara haikalin da dome daya, kamar a Turai. The Empress ta ba da umarnin gina katafaren cocin gargajiya mai ɗoki biyar-biyar.
Yanzu hadaddun shine cibiyar al'adu da zamantakewar St. Petersburg. An kawata yankin da wani lambu mai ban sha'awa tare da gadaje na filawa, gadajen furanni da maɓuɓɓugan ruwa. Babbar kararrawa da ke tsaye a ƙofar babban cocin ana shirin ɗaga shi a kan lokaci.
Adon kayan kwalliyar ciki
An yi ado na cikin Katolika na Smolny a ƙarƙashin jagorancin V. Stasov. Yayi ƙoƙari kada ya rushe ainihin shirye-shiryen babban mai ginin, amma salon gargajiya mai kyau ya riga ya zama sananne. Kayan kwalliya ne kawai, da simintin gyaran ƙarfe, da manyan kwalliya da kayan kwalliya. Tsarin laconic da mai girma sun hada da:
- babban falo wanda zai iya daukar mutane dubu 6;
- iconostases, an yi ado da wadata da tasirin marmara;
- crystal balustrade a bagadan;
- wani dandamali na gwaninta.
Baya ga wannan, gumakan gumaka guda biyu A.G. Venetsianov kan jigogin tashin Almasihu daga matattu da gabatarwa a cikin haikalin sun zama wuraren bautar masu daraja. Ana gudanar da sauraren kiɗan Choral a cikin zauren bikin.
Bar barin hutu da walwala na rayuwar yau da kullun, zo yawon shakatawa!
Jagoran yana gaya wa baƙi cikakken bayani, mai ban sha'awa da tarihin rayuwar babban coci, la'akari da shekaru da matakin masu sauraro. Bidiyo ya cika labarin da gani. Daga tashar kallo 50 m, an buɗe hoton birni da Neva, daga nan zaku iya ɗaukar kyawawan hotuna. Hawan zuwa belfry tare da matakai 277 yana tare da kiɗa daga lokacin Baroque da aka manta.
Muna baka shawara ka kalli Cathedral na St. Basil mai Albarka.
Haikalin yana kan bangon Neva. Adireshin: pl. Rastrelli, 1, St. Petersburg, Rasha, 191060.
Ya dace don isa can kamar haka:
- daga tashar metro "Chernyshevskaya" ta bas na yau da kullun ko trolleybus 15;
- daga "Ploschad Vosstaniya" ta bas 22 ko kuma trolleybuses 5, 7.
A ƙafa daga waɗannan tashoshin zaka iya tafiya cikin minti 30.
Lokacin buɗewa na babban coci a cikin 2017: sabis daga 7:00 zuwa 20:00 kowace rana, balaguro daga 10:00 zuwa 19:00. Farashin ziyarar shine 100 rubles, don makarantun sakandare kyauta ne. Babu tsayayyen jadawalin balaguro na yawon buɗe ido guda, ana kafa ƙungiyoyi yayin da suke tarawa.
Awanni biyu a cikin babban coci sun tashi ta hanyar fahimta, baƙi masu ruhaniya suna ɗaukar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar gwaninta na fasaha a zukatansu.
