Ginin abin tarihi wanda daga nan ne tarihin Kazan ya fara, babban abin jan hankali kuma zuciyar babban birnin Tatarstan, wanda ke ba da tarihinsa ga masu yawon bude ido. Duk wannan Kazan Kremlin ne - babban hadadden abu ne wanda ya haɗu da tarihi da al'adun mutane daban-daban.
Tarihin Kazan Kremlin
Ginin tarihi da gine-gine an gina shi tsawon ƙarni da yawa. Gine-ginen farko sun faro ne tun cikin ƙarni na 12, lokacin da ya zama wani yanki na Volga Bulgaria. A cikin karni na 13, Horungiyar Zinare ta zauna a nan, wanda ya sanya wannan wuri ya zama mazaunin duk masarautar Kazan.
Ivan mai ban tsoro, tare da rundunarsa, sun ɗauki Kazan, sakamakon haka yawancin gine-ginen sun lalace, kuma masallatan sun lalace gaba ɗaya. Grozny ya gayyaci masu zane-zane na Pskov zuwa birni, waɗanda suka tabbatar da ƙwarewarsu a cikin Moscow ta hanyar zana Cathedral na St. Basil Mai Albarka. An basu aikin haɓakawa da kuma ginin farin dutse mai suna Kremlin.
A cikin karni na 17, an maye gurbin kayan sifofin kariya - an maye gurbin katako da dutse. A tsakanin shekaru ɗari, Kremlin ya daina taka rawar aikin soja kuma ya zama babbar cibiyar gudanarwa ta yankin. A cikin ƙarni biyu masu zuwa, an gina sabbin sifofi a kan yankin: an sake gina Katolika na Annunciation, an sake gina makarantar cadet, mazauni da Fadar Gwamna.
Juyin-juyayi na shekara ta goma sha bakwai ya haifar da sabon lalata, a wannan karon gidan sufi ne na Spassky. A cikin karni na tara na karni na ashirin, Shugaban Tatarstan ya sanya Kremlin wurin zama na shugabannin. 1995 ita ce farkon gina ɗayan manyan masallatai a Turai - Kul-Sharif.
Bayanin manyan sifofi
Gidan Kazan Kremlin ya kai murabba'in mita dubu 150, kuma tsawon bangonsa ya fi kilomita biyu. Bangon yana da faɗi mita uku kuma tsayin mita 6. Babban fasali na hadaddun shine haɗakarwa ta musamman da alamun Orthodox da na Musulmai.
Blagoveshchensky babban coci an gina shi a cikin ƙarni na 16 kuma asalinsa ya fi ƙanƙanta da haikali na yanzu, saboda ana fadada shi sau da yawa. A cikin 1922, kayan tarihi da yawa sun ɓace daga cocin har abada: gumaka, rubutun hannu, littattafai.
Fadar shugaban kasa gina a cikin shekaru arba'in da tara a cikin salon da ake kira pseudo-Byzantine. Tana cikin yankin arewacin hadaddun. Anan a cikin karni na 13-14 shine gidan Kazan khans.
Kul Sharif - mafi shahara kuma mafi girma a masallacin Jamhuriya, wanda aka gina don girmama karnin Kazan. Manufar ita ce sake fasalin bayyanar tsohon masallacin khanate, wanda ke nan ƙarni da yawa da suka gabata. Kul-Sharif ya yi kyau musamman da yamma, lokacin da hasken ke ba shi kyan gani.
Kremlin kuma sanannen sanannen ingantattun hasumiya ne. Da farko, sun kasance 13 daga cikinsu, 8 ne kawai suka rayu har zuwa zamaninmu.Hanyoyin da suka fi shahara a cikin masu yawon bude ido sune Spasskaya da Taynitskaya, waɗanda aka gina a karni na 16 kuma suna aiki a matsayin ƙofofi. Bangaren gaba Hasumiyar Spasskaya yana jagorantar babban titin hadadden. Ya ƙone ya sake gini sau da yawa, an ginu akan shi kuma an sake gina shi har sai ya sami bayyanar ta yanzu.
Hasumiyar Taynitskaya yana da irin wannan suna saboda kasancewar hanyar ɓoye da ta kai ga tushen ruwa kuma yana da amfani yayin ɓarke da tashin hankali. Ta wurinta ne Tsar Ivan mai mummunan Rasha ya shiga Kremlin bayan nasarar sa.
Wani shahararren hasumiya, Syuyumbike, sanannen ɗan kwali ne idan aka kwatanta da 'yar'uwarta' yar ƙasar Italiya - Hasumiyar Jingina ta Pisa. Dalilin wannan shine kusan nisan mita biyu daga babban ginshiƙin, wanda ya faru saboda ƙarancin tushe. Ana rade-radin cewa masu ginin ne suka tsara hasumiyar da suka gina Kremlin na Moscow, wanda shine dalilin da yasa yake kamanceceniya da hasumiyar Borovitskaya. An gina ta ne da tubali kuma ta kunshi tiers bakwai kuma tsawonta yakai mita 58 Akwai al'adar yin fatawa ta hanyar taɓa bangonta.
Kusa kan yankin Kremlin yake Kabari, wanda aka binne Kazan khans guda biyu. An buɗe shi kwatsam lokacin da suke ƙoƙarin aiwatar da magudanan ruwa a nan. Bayan wani lokaci, an rufe shi da dome na gilashi a saman.
Cannon yadi hadadden - wannan shine ɗayan manyan wurare don kerawa da gyaran bindigogin atilare. Samar da kayayyaki ya fara raguwa a 1815, lokacin da gobara ta tashi, kuma shekaru 35 daga baya hadadden ya daina wanzuwa baki ɗaya.
Makarantar Junker Shin wani abu ne mai ban sha'awa na Kremlin, wanda a cikin karni na 18 yayi aiki azaman kayan yaƙi, a cikin karni na 19 a matsayin masana'antar sarrafa igwa, kuma a zamaninmu ana hidiman nune-nunen. Akwai reshen gidan da ke St. Petersburg Hermitage da gidan tarihin Khazine.
Darajar ita ce Abin tunawa ga mai zanen gidan, wanda ke cikin wani wurin shakatawa da ke kewaye da furanni.
Kazan Kremlin gidajen tarihi
Baya ga tsarin tarihi, akwai gidajen tarihi da yawa a kan yankin Kazan Kremlin. Daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa shine:
Yawon shakatawa
Balaguro zuwa Kazan Kremlin wata dama ce ta sanin tarihi, al'adu da al'adun Tatarstan duka. Hadadden gidan yana rike da bayanai masu ban sha'awa da yawa, asirai da sirri, don haka kada ku rasa damar warware su kuma dauki hotunan da ba za'a manta dasu ba.
Kowane gidan kayan gargajiya wanda ke kan yankin hadadden yana da ofishin tikiti na kansa. Don 2018, akwai damar da za a sayi tikiti ɗaya don 700 rubles, wanda zai buɗe ƙofofi ga duk wuraren adana kayan tarihi. Farashin tikiti ga ɗalibai da ɗalibai sun yi ƙasa.
Hanyoyin buɗewa don jan hankali sun bambanta saboda dalilai da yawa. Kuna iya shiga yankin kyauta a duk shekara ta ƙofar Spassky. Ziyarci ta Hasumiyar Taynitskaya mai yiwuwa ne daga 8:00 zuwa 18:00 daga Oktoba zuwa Afrilu, kuma daga 8:00 zuwa 22:00 daga Mayu zuwa Agusta. Lura cewa an hana daukar hoto da harbi bidiyo a cocinan Kazan Kremlin.
Yadda ake zuwa Kazan Kremlin?
Jan hankalin ya kasance a gefen hagu na Kogin Kazanka, wani yanki ne na Volga. Kuna iya zuwa babban tasirin Kazan ta hanyoyi daban-daban. Motoci (A'a. 6, 15, 29, 35, 37, 47) da motocin trolley (A'a. 1, 4, 10, 17 da 18) sun tafi nan, kuna buƙatar sauka a tashar "Babban Filin wasa", "Fadar Wasanni" ko "TSUM". Kusa da Kazan Kremlin akwai tashar tashar jirgin ƙasa ta Kremlevskaya, wanda akwai hanyoyi daga sassa daban-daban na birni. Ainihin adireshin rukunin tarihin a Kazan shine st. Kremlin, 2.
