Karnuka sun rayu tare da mutane shekaru dubbai. Irin wannan nisa a cikin lokaci baya barin masana kimiyya su tabbatar da tabbaci ko mutum ya huce da kerkeci (tun daga shekarar 1993, a hukumance ana daukar kare a matsayin reshen kerkeci), ko kerkeci, saboda wasu dalilai, a hankali ya fara rayuwa tare da mutum. Amma alamomin wannan rayuwar sun kai shekaru 100,000.
Saboda bambancin halittar karnuka, sabbin dabbobinsu suna da saukin haihuwa. Wasu lokuta suna bayyana saboda sha'awar mutum, sau da yawa kiwo sabon nau'in ne da larura. Hundredaruruwan nau'ikan nau'ikan karnukan sabis masu yawa suna sauƙaƙe ayyukan ɗan adam da yawa. Wasu kuma suna haskaka lokacin shakatawar mutane, suka zama abokansu na gari.
Halin da ake yi wa kare game da babban abokin mutum ya haɓaka kwanan nan. A shekarar 1869, wani lauya Ba'amurke Graham West, wanda ya kare muradun maigidan kare da aka harba bisa kuskure, ya yi wani jawabi na musamman, wanda ya hada da kalmar "Kare babban aminin mutum ne." Koyaya, shekaru ɗarurruwa kafin furta wannan kalmar, karnukan cikin aminci, ba da kai da kai da tsananin tsoro suka yiwa mutane aiki.
1. Dabbar da aka cika da shahararrun sanannen St Bernard Barry, wanda aka sanya shi a cikin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiyar wani fitaccen kare a gidan tarihin gargajiya da ke Bern, Switzerland, ya yi kamanceceniya da St Bernard na zamani. A cikin karni na 19, lokacin da Barry ya rayu, sufaye na St. Bernard Monastery kawai sun fara haifar da wannan nau'in. Koyaya, rayuwar Barry tana kama da dacewa ga kare koda bayan ƙarni biyu. An horar da Barry ne don nemo mutanen da suka ɓace ko kuma suka shiga cikin dusar ƙanƙara. A lokacin rayuwarsa, ya ceci mutane 40. Akwai labarin da ke cewa kare ya kashe wani da aka ceto, wanda ya firgita da babbar dabba. A zahiri, Barry, bayan ya gama aikin kare rayuwarsa, ya ƙara tsawon shekaru biyu cikin kwanciyar hankali da nutsuwa. Kuma gandun daji a cikin gidan sufi yana aiki. Akwai kullun St. Bernard mai suna Barry.
Scarecrow Barry a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya. An haɗe zuwa abin wuya akwai 'yar jaka da ke ƙunshe da abubuwan mahimmanci don taimakon farko
2. A shekarar 1957, tarayyar Soviet tayi babbar nasara a sararin samaniya. Abin mamaki (da firgita) duniya tare da jirgin sama na tauraron ɗan adam na farko a ranar 4 ga Oktoba, masanan Soviet da injiniyoyi sun tura tauraron dan adam na biyu zuwa sararin samaniya ƙasa da wata ɗaya. A ranar 3 ga Nuwamba, 1957, aka harba tauraron dan adam zuwa zagaye na kusa da duniya, wanda wani kare mai suna Laika ya “sarrafa shi”. A zahiri, karen da aka ɗauka daga mafaka ana kiransa Kudryavka, amma dole ne a sauƙaƙe sunan ta a cikin manyan harsunan duniya, don haka karen ya karɓi suna mai daɗi Laika. Abubuwan da ake buƙata don zaɓin karnukan jannatin saman jaka (akwai 10 cikinsu baki ɗaya) sun kasance masu tsananin gaske. Dole ne kare ya zama dan mongrel - karnuka masu tsabta suna da rauni a jiki. Dole ne kuma ta zama fari kuma ba ta da lahani daga waje. Dukkanin ikirarin sun kasance masu motsawa ne ta hanyar la'akari da hotunan hoto. Laika tayi jirgin nata ne a cikin wani matattarar ruwa, a cikin kwantena mai kama da dako na zamani. Akwai feed-auto da kuma tsarin sakawa - kare na iya kwanciya ya dan matsa da baya kadan. Fita zuwa sararin samaniya, Laika yaji dadi, amma, saboda kurakuran zane a cikin tsarin sanyaya gidan, zafin ya tashi zuwa 40 ° C, kuma Laika ya mutu akan zagaye na biyar a kewayen Duniya. Jirgin nata, musamman ma mutuwarta, ya haifar da guguwar zanga-zanga daga masu rajin kare dabbobi. Koyaya, mutane masu hankali sun fahimci cewa ana buƙatar jirgin Laika don dalilai na gwaji. Abubuwan da kare yayi daidai ya bayyana a cikin al'adun duniya. An gina mata wuraren tarihi a Moscow da tsibirin Crete.
Laika ya taimaki mutane akan tsadar rayuwarsu
3. A shekarar 1991 aka zartar da Dokar Kare Mai Hadari a Burtaniya. Ya samu karbuwa daga roƙon jama'a bayan hare-hare da yawa da karnuka masu fada a kan yara suka auku. 'Yan majalisar dokokin Burtaniya ba su fitar da takamaiman hukunce-hukuncen keta dokar ba. Duk wani nau'in kare na hudu - Pit Bull Terrier, Tosa Inu, Dogo Argentino da Fila Brasileiro - da aka kama a kan titi ba tare da jingina ba ko bakin almara, an yanke masa hukuncin kisa. Ko dai masu kare sun zama masu taka-tsantsan, ko kuma a zahiri, hare-hare da yawa a jere lamari ne na daidaituwa, amma ba a yi amfani da Dokar ba fiye da shekara guda. Bai kasance ba har zuwa Afrilu 1992 a ƙarshe Landan ta sami dalilin da zai sa ta rayu. Wata kawar wata mazauniyar Landan mai suna Diana Fanneran, wacce ke yawo da dan amurka mai suna Dempsey, yayin tafiya sai ta fahimci cewa karen yana shake kuma ya cire bakin bakin. 'Yan sandan da ke kusa sun rubuta laifin, kuma, bayan' yan watanni, Dempsey ya yanke hukuncin kisa. An cece ta daga kisan ne kawai ta hanyar babban kamfen na masu kare hakkin dabbobi, wanda har Brigitte Bardot ta shiga ciki. An dakatar da karar a 2002 saboda dalilai na doka kawai - lauyoyin uwargidan Dempsey sun tabbatar da cewa ba a sanar da ita ba daidai ba game da ranar fara sauraron karar farko.
4. A yayin al'amuran ranar 11 ga Satumbar, 2001, Dorado mai jagorar kare ya ceci ran mai unguwarsa Omar Rivera da maigidansa. Rivera yayi aiki a matsayin mai shirye-shirye a Hasumiyar Arewa ta Cibiyar Kasuwanci ta Duniya. Karen, kamar koyaushe, yana kwance a ƙarƙashin teburinsa. Lokacin da jirgin sama ya faɗi a cikin ginin sama kuma firgita ta fara, Rivera ya yanke shawarar cewa ba zai iya tserewa ba, amma Dorado na iya gudu da kyau. Ya kwance layar daga abin wuyan kuma ya ba kare umarnin ya bar shi ya tafi yawo. Koyaya, Dorado bai gudu ko'ina ba. Bugu da ƙari, ya fara tura maigidan zuwa hanyar fita ta gaggawa. Maigidan Rivera ya haɗa leash ɗin zuwa abin wuyan kuma ya karɓa a hannunta, Rivera ya ɗora hannunsa a kafaɗarta. A cikin wannan tsari, sun yi tattaki hawa 70 don ceton.
Labrador Retriever - jagora
5. Karnuka da yawa sun shiga tarihi, har ma basu taɓa kasancewa a zahiri ba. Misali, godiya ga baiwa ta rubutu na marubucin Icelandic kuma marubucin tarihin Snorri Sturluson, kusan kowa ya yarda cewa kare ya mulki Norway tsawon shekaru uku. Ka ce, mai mulkin Viking Eystein Beli ya sanya karensa a kan karaga don ramuwar gayya saboda gaskiyar cewa Norwaywa sun kashe ɗansa. Mulkin masarautar kare ya ci gaba har sai da ya shiga fada tare da wasu kerkeci, wadanda suka yanka dabbobin masarauta dama a barga. Anan kyakkyawan tatsuniyar tatsuniya game da mai mulkin Norway, wacce ba ta kasance har sai ƙarni na 19, ta ƙare. Hakanan sabon labarin kirkirar Newfoundland ya ceci Napoleon Bonaparte daga nutsar da kansa yayin nasarar nasararsa zuwa Faransa da aka sani da kwanaki 100. Ma'aikatan jirgin da ke biyayya ga sarki, wadanda suka dauke shi a cikin jirgin ruwa zuwa jirgin ruwan yaki, ana zargin an kwashe su da kwale-kwale har ba su lura da yadda Napoleon ya fada cikin ruwan ba. Abin farin ciki, Newfoundland ta wuce ta baya, wanda ya ceci sarki. Kuma ba don karen Cardinal Wolsey ba, wanda ake zargin ya ciji Paparoma Clement VII, sarkin Ingila Henry VIII zai sake Catherine ta Aragon ba tare da matsala ba, ya auri Anne Boleyn kuma ba za ta kafa Cocin Ingila ba. Jerin irin wadannan karnukan almara wadanda suka kafa tarihi zasu dauki wurare da yawa.
6. George Byron yana matukar son dabbobi. Babban abin da ya fi so shi ne Newfoundland mai suna Boatswain. Karnuka na wannan nau'in galibi ana rarrabe shi ta hanyar haɓaka hankali, amma Boatswain ya fita dabam daga cikinsu. Bai taɓa neman komai daga teburin maigidan da kansa ba kuma bai bar mai shayarwar wanda ya zauna tare da Byron shekaru da yawa ya ɗauki gilashin giya daga teburin ba - dole ne ubangijin ya zuba mai shayar da kansa. Jirgin ruwan bai san abin wuyan ba kuma ya yi yawo a cikin babban yankin Byron da kansa. 'Yanci sun kashe karen - a cikin duel tare da ɗayan dabbobin daji, ya kama kwayar cutar ƙanjamau. Wannan cutar ba ta da saurin warkewa har ma a yanzu, kuma a cikin karni na 19 ya ma fi hukuncin kisa ne ma ga mutum. Byron ya yi ƙoƙari ya sauƙaƙa wahalar da Boatswain ya sha. Kuma lokacin da karen ya mutu, mawaƙin ya rubuta masa rubutacciyar wasiƙa. An gina babban obelisk a cikin yankin Byron, wanda a karkashinsa aka binne jirgin ruwan. Mawaƙin ya yi wasiyya ya binne kansa kusa da ƙaunataccen karensa, amma dangi sun yanke shawara dabam - George Gordon Byron an binne shi a cikin dangin dangi.
Dutsen kabarin Boatswain
7. Marubucin Ba'amurke John Steinbeck yana da babban shiri, "Tafiya tare da Charlie a cikin Binciken Amurka," wanda aka buga a 1961. Charlie da aka ambata a cikin taken shine poodle. Gaskiya Steinbeck yayi tafiyar kimanin kilomita 20,000 a fadin Amurka da Kanada, tare da kare. Charlie yana tare da mutane sosai. Steinbeck ya lura cewa a bayan gari, yana duban lambobin New York, sun bi shi da sanyin jiki. Amma hakan ya kasance daidai har zuwa lokacin da Charlie ya tashi daga motar - marubucin nan da nan ya zama mutumin sa a kowace al'umma. Amma Steinbeck dole ne ya bar Reshen Yellowstone da wuri kamar yadda aka tsara. Charlie ya hango dabbobin daji sosai kuma haushin sa bai tsaya na minti ɗaya ba.
8. Tarihin karen Akita Inu mai suna Hachiko tabbas ne duk duniya ta san shi. Hachiko ya zauna tare da wani masanin kimiya dan kasar Japan wanda ke tafiya kullun daga unguwannin bayan gari zuwa Tokyo. Hachiko na tsawon shekara daya da rabi (sunan ya samo asali ne daga lambar kasar Japan “8” - Hachiko shi ne kare na takwas na farfesa) ya saba da ganin mai shi da safe kuma yana ganawa da shi da rana. Lokacin da farfesa ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani, sun yi ƙoƙari su haɗa karen ga danginsu, amma Hachiko koyaushe ya dawo tashar. Fasinjoji na yau da kullun da ma'aikatan jirgin ƙasa sun saba da shi kuma suna ciyar da shi. Shekaru bakwai bayan mutuwar farfesa, a cikin 1932, wani mai rahoto daga wata jaridar Tokyo ya sami labarin Hachiko. Ya yi rubutu mai ratsa jiki wanda ya sanya Hachiko ya zama sananne a duk ƙasar Japan. An gina wajan tunawa da karen sadaukarwa, a wurin budewar sa yana nan. Hachiko ya mutu shekaru 9 bayan mutuwar maigidan, wanda ya rayu tare da shi shekara ɗaya da rabi kawai. An ba da fina-finai biyu da littattafai da yawa a gare shi.
Abin tunawa ga Hachiko
9. Skye-terrier Bobby bai fi Hachiko shahara ba, amma ya jira mai shi sosai - shekaru 14. A wannan lokacin ne kare mai aminci ya kasance a kabarin maigidansa - babban jami'in 'yan sanda na gari a Edinburgh, John Gray. Karamin kare ya bar makabartar kawai don jiran mummunan yanayi sannan ya ci - mai gidan giyar da ke nesa da makabartar ya ciyar da shi. A yayin kamfen din yakar karnukan da suka bata, magajin garin Edinburgh da kansa ya yiwa Bobby rajista kuma ya biya kudin samar da tagulla na tagulla a kan abin wuya. Ana iya ganin Bobby a cikin GTA V a makabartar yankin - ƙaramin Skye Terrier ya gab da kabarin.
10. Whippet na kare zai zama mai ban sha'awa ne kawai ga masu kiwon kare ko kuma masoya masu sha'awar gaske, in ba don Ba'amurke Ba'amurke Alex Stein da ruhin kasuwancin sa ba. An bai wa Alex wata 'yar kwikwiyo ta Whippet, amma kwata-kwata ba shi da kwarin gwiwa game da bukatar yin tafiya mai kyau mai dogon kafa, da kuma kokarin fasa wani wuri mai nisa. Abin farin ciki, Ashley - wannan shine sunan kare na Alex Stein - yana son nishaɗin da aka ɗauka a matsayin wasan masu hasara a farkon shekarun 1970s - frisbee. Yin jifa tare da diski na filastik ya dace, ba kamar ƙwallon ƙafa, ƙwallon kwando da ƙwallon ƙafa ba, kawai don birgima ga 'yan mata, har ma ba don kowa ba. Koyaya, Ashley ya nuna irin wannan himmar wajen farautar Frisbee har Stein ya yanke shawarar saka kuɗi a ciki. A cikin 1974, shi da Ashley suka hau kan filin yayin wasan ƙwallon ƙafa na Los Angeles-Cincinnati. Wallon baseball na waɗancan shekarun bai bambanta da kwando na zamani ba - ƙwararru ne kawai suka san wasan maza masu taurin hannu da safar hannu da jemage. Ko da masu sharhi ba su fahimci wannan wasan baseball na musamman ba. Lokacin da Stein ya fara nuna abin da Ashley zai iya yi da frisbee, sai suka fara tsokaci suna tsokaci game da dabaru game da watsa shirye-shiryen. Don haka gudun karnuka don frisbee ya zama wasa na hukuma. Yanzu kawai don aikace-aikace a wasannin share fage na "Ashley Whippet Championship" kuna buƙatar biyan aƙalla $ 20.
11. A 2006, Ba'amurke mai suna Kevin Weaver ya sayi kare, wanda tuni mutane da dama suka yi watsi da shi saboda taurin kai da ba za a iya jurewa ba. Wata mace mai bege mai suna Belle ba da gaske tawali'u ba ce, amma tana da ƙwarewar ilmantarwa. Weaver ya sha wahala daga ciwon sukari kuma a wasu lokuta ya fada cikin mawuyacin yanayin hypoglycemic saboda ƙarancin sukarin jini. Tare da irin wannan ciwon suga, mai haƙuri ba zai iya sanin haɗarin da ke barazanar sa ba har zuwa lokacin ƙarshe. Masu saƙa sun sanya Belle kan kwasa-kwasan musamman. Don dala dubu da yawa, an koyar da kare ba wai kawai don ƙayyade kusan matakin sukarin jini ba, amma kuma don kiran likitoci idan akwai gaggawa. Wannan ya faru a 2007. Belle ta ji cewa sikarin jinin maigidanta bai isa ba sai ta fara damuwa.Koyaya, Weaver baiyi kwasa-kwasai na musamman ba, kuma kawai ya ɗauki kare yawo. Dawowa daga tafiya, sai ya faɗi a ƙasa daidai ƙofar gidan. Belle ya sami wayar, ya danna maɓallin gajeren hanyar gajere na gaggawa (lambar ce "9") kuma ya shiga cikin wayar har sai motar asibiti ta isa ga mai shi.
12. An gudanar da Gasar Kofin Duniya ta FIFA a 1966 a Ingila Waɗanda suka kafa wannan wasan ba su taɓa cin gasar ƙwallon ƙafa ta duniya ba kuma suna da niyyar yin hakan a gaban sarauniyarsu. Duk abubuwan da suka faru kai tsaye ko a kaikaice da suka shafi gasar zakarun an tsara su yadda ya kamata. Tsoffin masu karatu za su tuna cewa a wasan karshe Ingila - Jamus, kawai hukuncin da alkalin wasa na Soviet ya yi wa Tofig Bakhramov ne ya ba Burtaniya damar lashe gasar ta duniya a karon farko da kuma zuwa karshe. Amma FIFA World Cup, Goddess Nike, an ba da ita ga Turawan Burtaniya ne kawai na kwana ɗaya tak. Wanda aka sata Kai tsaye daga Westminster Abbey. Mutum zai iya yin tunanin gunaguni na al'umman duniya a sace FIFA World Cup daga wani wuri kamar Fadar Kremlin ta Facets! A Ingila, komai ya tafi kamar "Hurray!" Da sauri Scotland Yard ta sami wani mutum da ake zargi da satar Kofin a madadin wani mutum wanda ya yi niyyar beli daidai dala 42,000 don mutum-mutumin - kudin karafan da aka yi kofin. Wannan bai isa ba - dole ne a sami Kofin ko ta yaya. Dole ne in sake neman wani wawa (kuma me zan kira su), har ma da kare. Sunan mahaukacin shine David Corbett, karen Pickles. Karen kare, wanda ya yi rayuwarsa a babban birni na Burtaniya, ya kasance wawa sosai har shekara guda daga baya ya mutu ta hanyar shake wuya da wuyansa a wuyan nasa. Amma ya sami gilashin, wai ana ganin wasu irin kunshin akan titi. A yayin da masu binciken sintiri na Scotland Yard suka yi tsere zuwa wurin da aka gano kofin, 'yan sandan yankin sun kusan karbar shaidar Corbett na sata. Komai ya ƙare da kyau: masu binciken sun sami ɗan shahara da ci gaba, Corbett ya tsira daga dabbar har tsawon shekara ɗaya, wanda ya sata mutum-mutumin ya yi aiki shekara biyu kuma ya ɓace daga cikin radar. Ba a sami abokin ciniki ba.
13. Akwai taurari uku a Hollywood Walk of Fame. Makiyayin Jamusanci Rin Tin Tin ya yi fim kuma ya yi watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo a cikin 1920s - 1930s. Mai gidansa Lee Duncan, wanda ya dauki kare a lokacin yakin duniya na farko a Faransa, ya yi kyakkyawan aiki a matsayin babban mai kiwon karnukan sojojin Amurka. Amma rayuwar dangi ba ta yi tasiri ba - a tsakiyar aikin fim din Rin Tin Ting, matar Duncan ta barshi, tana kiran Duncan kaunar da take yi wa kare dalilin sakin auren. Kusan lokaci guda kamar Rin Tin Tin, Stronghart ya zama tauraron allon. Mai shi Larry Trimble ya sami nasarar sake ilmantar da wannan karen kuma ya sanya shi ya zama abin so ga jama'a. Stronghart ya fito a fina-finai da yawa, mafi mashahuri wanda shine The Silent Call. Wani collie mai suna Lassie bai taba kasancewa ba, amma shine mafi shaharar kare a duniyar silima. Marubuci Eric Knight ya fito da shi. Hoton wani irin, kare mai hankali ya yi matukar nasara har Lassie ta zama jarumar fina-finai da yawa, jerin shirye-shiryen TV, watsa shirye-shiryen rediyo da kuma ban dariya.
14. Gasar "Iditarod" ta shekara-shekara wacce akeyinta a cikin Alaska ta daɗe tana zama abun girmamawa na wasanni tare da duk halayen mai halarta: sa hannun shahararrun mutane, talabijin da kula da manema labarai, da dai sauransu. A cikin kadan fiye da kwanaki 5, kungiyoyin kare sun ba da maganin anti-diphtheria magani zuwa Nome daga tashar jirgin ruwa ta Ciudard. Mazaunan Nome sun sami tsira daga annoba ta diphtheria, kuma babban tauraron mahaukacin jinsi (gudun ba da kariya ya kashe karnuka da yawa, amma mutane sun sami ceto) shi ne kare Balto, wanda aka kafa masa alama a New York.
15. A ɗaya daga cikin gaɓar tsibirin Newfoundland, har yanzu zaka iya gani a ƙasan ragowar "Iti" mai hura jirgin ruwa, wanda a farkon karni na ashirin ya yi balaguron bakin teku daga gabar tsibirin. A shekara ta 1919, jirgin ruwan ya faɗi cikin kusan kilomita daga ƙasar. Guguwar ta kawo bugu mai ƙarfi zuwa gefen Ichi. Ya bayyana sarai cewa ƙwangar jirgin ba zai daɗe ba. Wata dama ta fatalwa don ceto wata irin mota ce ta kebul - idan za a iya jan igiya tsakanin jirgin da gabar, fasinjoji da ma'aikatan jirgin za su iya zuwa bakin tekun tare da shi. Koyaya, yin iyo mai nisan kilomita a kan ruwan Disamba ya fi ƙarfin ɗan adam. Wani kare da ke zaune a cikin jirgin ya kawo agaji. Newfoundland mai suna Tang ya yi iyo ga masu ceto a bakin tekun tare da ƙarshen igiya a cikin haƙoransa. Duk wanda ke cikin jirgin Ichi ya tsira. Tang ya zama gwarzo kuma ya sami lambar yabo a matsayin lada.
