Makomar birane ba ta da tabbas kamar ta mutane. A cikin 1792, Catherine II ta ba da ƙasar Black Sea Cossacks daga Kuban zuwa Bahar Maliya kuma daga garin Yeisk zuwa Laba. Typicalananan yanki - duk inda kuka duba - ɗan tudu. Zai juya - daraja da ɗaukaka ga Cossacks, ba zai yi aiki ba - wani zai matsa don kwantar da hankali.
Cossacks din sunyi. Kasa da shekaru ɗari daga baya, Yekaterinodar, kamar yadda Cossack ya sanya mata suna bayan Empress, ya zama ɗayan manyan biranen kudancin Rasha. Bayan haka, tuni a ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet, Krasnodar (wanda aka sake masa suna a cikin 1920) ya ci gaba cikin sauri har ya fara taka ƙafafun Rostov, wanda ake ɗauka babban birnin kudu.
A cikin karni na XXI Krasnodar ya ci gaba da girma da haɓaka mahimmancin sa. Garin ya riga ya zama miloniya, ko kuma yana gab da zama ɗaya. Amma ba ma game da yawan mazaunan ba. Matsayin tattalin arziki da siyasa na Krasnodar yana ƙaruwa. Waɗannan dalilai, haɗe da yanayi mai kyau, duk da matsalolin ci gaban da babu makawa, sun mai da birnin kyakkyawan wurin zama. Menene karin bayanai a cikin babban birnin yankin Kuban?
1. Krasnodar yana kan layi na 45; har ma za su girka alamar abin tunawa daidai a cikin gari. Ba ƙaramin sanannen abu bane cewa ga Russia Krasnodar da yankunan da ke kusa da su kudanci ne mai albarka, inda miliyoyin Russia za su ƙaura da farin ciki. Amma komai na duniya dangi ne. A daidai wannan yanayin na 45th a Amurka, na ainihi, ta ƙa'idodin gida, 'yan arewa suna rayuwa, saboda waɗannan yankuna ne na kan iyaka tsakanin Amurka da Kanada, inda akwai sanyi-digiri goma da dusar ƙanƙara kusan kowace hunturu. Ga mutanen Kanada, bi da bi, daidaito na 45 yana daidai da rana da dumi. A cikin Asiya, kwatankwacin na 45 ya bi ta tsakiyar kwari mai dausayi ta Tsakiyar Asiya, kuma ta matattun matattakafai da hamada. A Turai, waɗannan su ne kudancin Faransa, arewacin Italiya da Croatia. Don haka babu wuya a yi la’akari da na 45 na daidaici “zinariya”. Matsakaicin shine "ma'anar zinariya" - ba Norilsk ba, amma akwai wurare tare da mafi kyawun yanayi.
2. A 1926, Vladimir Mayakovsky ya ziyarci Krasnodar sau biyu. Mawakin ya nuna abubuwan da ya ji game da ziyarar sa ta farko a watan Fabrairu a wata gajeriyar waka da aka buga a mujallar Krokodil karkashin taken cizon "Jejin Kare". An ba da taken waƙar a ofishin edita, amma sai jama'a ba su shiga cikin dabarun wallafawa ba. Yayin ziyarar Mayakovsky ta biyu a Krasnodar a watan Disamba, rikici ya barke a cikin zauren tare da wani mawaki da ke magana daga mataki (al'amari ne na yau da kullun na wadancan shekaru). Mayakovsky, wanda bai taɓa shiga aljihunsa don wata kalma ba, a cikin martani ga tsokaci game da “rashin fahimta” da wakokinsa, ya yi kakkausar murya: “Yaranku za su fahimta! Kuma idan basu fahimta ba, hakan na nufin zasu girma kamar itacen oak! " Amma tun daga lokacin an wallafa waka a karkashin suna "Krasnodar" ko "babban birnin Sobachkina". Da gaske akwai karnuka da yawa a cikin Krasnodar, kuma sun yi ta yawo cikin gari kyauta. Shekaru da dama bayan haka, "Doctor St. Bernard" an tuna da shi. Kare na shahararren likita na iya zuwa gidan wasan kwaikwayo yayin wasan kwaikwayo ko zuwa cibiya yayin ganawa. A 2007, a kusurwar st. Red da Mira sun gina wajan karnuka abin tunawa tare da ambaton daga waƙar da Mayakovsky ya yi.
3. Har zuwa kwanan nan, shayin Krasnodar shine mafi shayi mafi nisa a duniya, wanda aka samar dashi bisa mizani mai mahimmanci (a cikin 2012, an sami nasarar shayi a Ingila). Sun yi kokarin dasa shayi a gefen gangaren arewacin Caucasus tun daga tsakiyar karni na 19, amma ba su samu nasara ba - aka dauki shayi, amma ya daskare a lokacin tsananin sanyi. Sai kawai a cikin 1901, wani tsohon ma'aikaci a gonakin shayi na Georgia, Judah Koshman, ya yi nasarar dasa shayi a cikin yankin wanda yanzu yake daga cikin Krasnodar Territory. Da farko, an yi wa Koshman dariya, kuma lokacin da ya fara siyar da shayinsa a ruble a fam guda, sai suka fara lalata shi - farashin shayi aƙalla 4 - 5 a kowace kilogram, ma’ana, ya fi sama da rubles 2 a kowace fam. Yawan shayi na Krasnodar ya zama ne kawai bayan juyin juya hali. Ana samun shayi mai inganci na Krasnodar tare da tabarau daban-daban na dandano, kuma Soviet Union ta fitar dashi ta dubun dubatan rubles. Canjin canjin da aka shigo dashi ya kusan lalata shayi - a cikin shekarun 1970s-1980s, ana buƙatar shayi ya yawaita don maye gurbin shigo da kuɗin waje. A lokacin ne aka sami ra'ayi game da ƙarancin ingancin shayin Krasnodar. A cikin karni na XXI, ana dawo da samar da shayin Krasnodar.
4. Mazauna Krasnodar sun fi so su tsoratar da kansu da girgizar kasa mai maki 5, wanda, bisa zargin, na iya lalata dam ɗin Kogin Kuban. Girman ruwa a cikin wannan tafkin shine ruwan da zai wanke ba kawai kashi biyu bisa uku na Krasnodar ba, amma duk abin da ya zo kan hanyar zuwa Bahar Maliya. Amma kwanan nan ci gaba da yanayin ya sami karbuwa - ruwan da ke gudu zuwa cikin teku zai tura farantin tekun na Azov-Black Sea tare da fitowar da kuma fashewar abubuwa masu zuwa na duniyoyi masu yawa na hydrogen sulfide. Kuma a duniya, kamar yadda aka daɗe da sani, mutuwa ja ce.
5. A zamanin yau an sake sake gina filin wasan "Dynamo" a cikin 1932. A lokacin mamayar, 'yan Nazi sun mai da shi sansanin POW. Bayan 'yantar da Krasnodar, maido da masana'antu cikin sauri da ɓangaren zama, babu lokacin filin wasa. Maido da "Dynamo" ya fara ne kawai a cikin 1950. Godiya ga wannan fasahar wacce ba safai ake samu ba daga hada karfi da kuma hanyar gina mutane - mazauna Krasnodar, tsofaffi da matasa, sun zo filin wasan don yin aiki a kowane lokaci mai kyau - an kammala shari'ar cikin shekara daya da rabi. A watan Mayu 1952, sakatare na farko na kwamitin yanki na CPSU Nikolai Ignatov, wanda ya fara sake ginin, ya bude filin wasan da gaske. Gidan Wasanni "Dynamo" tare da wurin wanka an gina shi a cikin 1967.
6.October 4, 1894, an kunna fitilun lantarki na farko akan titin Krasnaya. A farkon Mayu 1895 Yekaterinodar ya sami musayar tallan kansa. A ranar 11 ga Disamba, 1900, Yekaterinodar ya zama birni na 17 a cikin Daular Rasha, inda tarago ya fara aiki. Sabis ɗin trolleybus a cikin birni ya buɗe a ranar 28 ga Yuli, 1950. Gas na gas ya bayyana a cikin mazaunan Krasnodar a ranar 29 ga Janairu, 1953. A ranar 7 ga Nuwamba, 1955, cibiyar talabijin ta Krasnodar ta fara watsa shirye-shirye (ita ce ake kira ,aramin, gidan talabijin na gwaji - akwai masu karɓar talabijin 13 a cikin garin gaba ɗaya sannan, kuma cibiyar talabijin ta Big ta fara aiki shekaru huɗu bayan haka).
7. Jirgin kasa na iya zuwa Yekaterinodar na wancan lokacin a 1875, amma dokokin tattalin arzikin kasuwar jari hujja sun tsoma baki. An amince da daftarin dokar gina layin dogo na Rostov-Vladikavkaz a cikin 1869. A cikin kamfanin haɗin gwiwar da aka kirkira don ginawa da aiwatar da aikin hanyar, mafi yawan hannun jarin mallakar jihar ne. Masu zaman kansu "masu saka jari" sun yi niyyar neman kuɗi a kan aikin hanyar, kuma bayan an gama ta, sai a sayar da shi a kan farashi mai tsada (an riga an horar da masu shigar da shawarwarin) zuwa wannan jiha. A ƙa'ida, akwai yarjejeniyar sassauƙa har zuwa 1956, amma babu wanda ya yi tunani sosai game da shi. Saboda haka, an gina layin dogo cikin sauri da rahusa. Me yasa za a kashe kuɗi kan siyan ƙasa mai tsada a cikin Yekaterinodar, idan zaku iya jagorantar hanya ta cikin ɓarauniyar, inda ƙasar ta cancanci dinari? A sakamakon haka, babu wanda zai tuƙa ta hanyar sabuwar hanyar da aka buɗe kuma babu abin ɗauka - ta wuce duk cibiyoyin Arewacin Caucasus. A cikin 1887 ne kawai aka faɗaɗa layin dogo zuwa Yekaterinodar.
8. Aan asalin Yekaterinodar, wanda ya sami ilimin shekaru huɗu kawai a Makarantar Masu saidawa, ya kirkiro da hanyar ɗaukar hoton hasken da atom, wanda aka sa masa suna - "Kirlian Effect". Semyon Kirlian an haife shi ne a cikin dangin Armenia masu yawa, kuma tun yana ƙarami aka tilasta shi yin aiki. Hannun zinare haɗe tare da kaifin hankali ya sanya shi jagora mai mahimmanci ga ɗaukacin Krasnodar. Don gidan bugawa, ya yi tanda wanda ya ba wa masu ɗab'i damar iya sanya ingantattun rubutu. Tare da taimakon shigarwar maganadisu, an tsabtace hatsi tare da inganci a cikin injinan. Maganin farko na Kirlian sunyi aiki a masana'antar abinci da magani. Ganin walƙiya mara haske tsakanin wayoyin wutan lantarki a asibitin, Semyon Davidovich ya fara ɗaukar abubuwa iri-iri a cikin wannan hasken. Ya lura cewa ana iya amfani da irin wannan haske don gano yanayin mutum. Ba tare da tallafin gwamnati ba, Kirlian da matarsa Valentina, waɗanda suka taimaki mijinta a aikinsa, sun ci gaba da bincike har tsawon shekaru, har zuwa lokacin da mai kirkirar ya mutu a 1978. Tallace-tallacen zamani game da "Kirlian Effect" tare da gano auras, da sauransu ba shi da alaƙa da fitaccen ɗan ƙasar Krasnodar.
9. Ta hanyar shigar da kansa, Samuil Marshak ya zama marubucin yara a Yekaterinodar. A lokacin Yakin Basasa, ya fara tura danginsa zuwa wannan garin, sannan ya motsa da kansa. Duk da cewa Ekaterinodar sau da yawa ya wuce daga fari zuwa ja kuma akasin haka, garin yana cike da rayuwar al'adu. Bugu da ƙari, wannan tafasa bai dogara da launin tuta a wuraren jama'a ba - duka ja da fari sun sanya hannu kan umarnin aiwatarwa da hannu ɗaya, kuma da ɗayan an ba su izinin buɗe mujallu na adabi har ma da gidajen kallo. 18 ga Yuli 1920 a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na yara, wanda Marshak da budurwarsa Elizaveta Vasilyeva suka shirya, an fara wasan farko. wasan kwaikwayo Samuil Yakovlevich "The Flying Chest". An kuma rubuta "Gidan kyanwa" da "Labarin Goat" a cikin Yekaterinodar, amma tuni yana ƙarƙashin mulkin Soviet.
10. Abin mamaki, duk da kasancewar hasumiyar hyperboloid ta Vladimir Shukhov a Krasnodar, har yanzu garin ba shi da alamar gani. Gyaran makamai na birni ya zama kamar abin kwalliya ga masoya bishara fiye da mutumcin Krasnodar. Amma hasumiya ta musamman mai ɗauke da madatsar ruwa, wacce aka gina a 1935, har ma ana son a rushe ta. Bai zo ga wannan ba, kuma yanzu hasumiyar an kewaye ta bangarori uku da gine-ginen cibiyar kasuwancin "Gallery Krasnodar". A matsayin alama, ya zuwa yanzu ya dace da kamfanin birni Vodokanal. Hasumiyar ta yi tsawa a duk fadin Krasnodar a shekarar 1994, lokacin da daya daga cikin jaridun cikin gida "ta fallasa" irin haramtacciyar kiwon kadoji a cikin tankin. Wai, lokacin da ake kokarin safarar kadoji sun gudu kuma yanzu sun zauna a Kuban. Gaskatawa cikin rubutun da aka buga yana da ƙarfi sosai a tsakiyar rani rairayin bakin teku babu komai.
11. Tare da abubuwan tarihi don mutanen gaske a Krasnodar, an gina wuraren tarihi da alamun tunawa don girmama halayen da ba a zata ba. Tare da abin tunawa ga mai zane Ilya Repin, wanda ya yi babban ɓangare na shirye-shiryen aikin zane don zanen "The Cossacks Rubuta Wasikar zuwa ga Sultan na Turkiyya" a Krasnodar, akwai kuma abin tunawa ga waɗannan Cossacks ɗin sosai - halayen halayen zanen. Ilya Ilf bai taba zuwa Krasnodar ba, kuma Yevgeny Petrov ya yi 'yan kwanaki ne kawai a cikin garin cikin rikicin soja na 1942. Babban gwarzon adabinsu, Ostap Bender, bai taɓa ziyartar Krasnodar ba, kuma akwai abin tunawa ga ɗan damfara mai wayo a cikin gari. Akwai abubuwan tarihi a cikin garin ga baƙon suna da iraan fashin jirgin ruwa, jaka, Shurik da Lida daga wasan kwaikwayo mai ban tsoro "Operation Y" da sauran abubuwan da suka faru na Shurik.
12. Kawai yawan mutanen Krasnodar a cikin shekaru goman da suka gabata yana ƙaruwa da karuwa ta hanyar mutane 20-25,000 a shekara. Da yawa suna ganin wannan a matsayin dalilin alfahari: Krasnodar ko dai ya zama (a ranar 22 ga Satumba, 2018, har ma an yi bikin sosai, amma sai Rosstat ya gyara shi) ko kuma yana gab da zama miloniya! Koyaya, irin wannan haɓaka yawan jama'a masifa ce koda a shekarun tattalin arzikin da aka tsara; a yanayin kasuwa, yana haifar da matsalolin da galibi ba za'a iya magance su ba. Wannan kuma ya shafi halin da ake ciki akan hanyoyi. Ana haifar da cunkoson ababen hawa a cikin hunturu da rani, a cikin ruwan sama da lokacin bushewa, a lokacin awanni mafi aukuwa har ma da ƙananan haɗarin zirga-zirga. Lamarin ya kara tabarbarewa ne saboda yanayin kyama na magudanan ruwa - bayan sama ko kasa da ruwan sama, ana iya sake kiran Krasnodar na ɗan lokaci Venice. Yawan jama'a ba shi da makarantu (a cikin wasu makarantun akwai masu kamanceceniya da azuzuwan har zuwa harafin "F") da kuma makarantun sakandare (yawan ƙungiyoyi sun kai ga mutane 50 masu bala'i). Da alama hukumomi suna ƙoƙarin yin wani abu, amma ba makaranta, ko kuma makarantar renon yara, ko kuma hanyar da za a iya ginawa da sauri. Kuma ana buƙatar da dama daga cikinsu ...
13. Krasnodar gari ne na wasanni. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ba shakka, godiya ga Sergei Galitsky, birni a cikin wasanni yana da alaƙa da FC Krasnodar. An kafa shi a cikin 2008, kulob din ya bi duk matakan matakan ƙwallon ƙafa na Rasha. A lokutan 2014/2015 da 2018/2019, "Boms", kamar yadda ake kiran ƙungiyar, sun ɗauki matsayi na uku a Gasar Premier ta Rasha. Krasnodar ya kuma sami nasarar zama dan wasan karshe na Kofin Rasha kuma ya kai matakin wasan Kofin Europa. Ya kasance dan wasan karshe na Kofin Rasha da kuma wani kulob din Krasnodar "Kuban", duk da haka, saboda matsalolin kuɗi, ƙungiyar, wacce ta kasance tun shekara ta 1928, ta wargaje a cikin 2018. Kulob din Kwando "Lokomotiv-Kuban" sau biyu ya zama zakaran gasar cin kofin Rasha da kuma wanda ya lashe VTB United League, a shekarar 2013 ya ci Eurocup, kuma a shekarar 2016 ya zama na uku da ya ci kyautar Euroleague. Kungiyar kwallon kwando ta hannu ta SKIF, da kuma kungiyar kwallon raga ta mata ta Dynamo maza da mata, suna wasa a manyan rukuni na Rasha.
14. Filin jirgin saman Krasnodar, wanda kwanan nan aka sanya masa suna bayan Catherine II, shima yana da suna Pashkovsky. Kofofin iska na Krasnodar suna gabas da garin, ba da nisa da tsakiyar ba - kuna iya zuwa Pashkovsky ta trolleybus. Dangane da yawan fasinjojin da sukayi aiki, tashar jirgin saman tana matsayi na 9 a Rasha. Motocin fasinjoji a filin jirgin saman Pashkovsky suna da yanayi mai kyau - idan a cikin watanni na hunturu sama da mutane dubu 300 ne ke amfani da ayyukanta, to a lokacin bazara wannan adadi ya kai kusan rabin miliyan. Kimanin kamfanonin jiragen sama 30 ne ke gudanar da zirga-zirga zuwa biranen Rasha, da kasashen CIS, da kuma zuwa kasashen Turkiya, Italiya, Hadaddiyar Daular Larabawa, Girka da Isra'ila.
15. A cikin gwagwarmayar neman taken daya daga cikin manyan biranen Rasha, Krasnodar zai yi kyau ya shigar da masu daukar hoto a wajen yada shi. Har zuwa yanzu, ba gaskiya ba ne suka lalata kyakkyawar garin kudu da hankalinsu ba. Shahararrun fina-finai, waɗanda titunan Krasnodar suka zama na alheri, ana iya lissafin su a yatsun hannu ɗaya. Waɗannan su ne, da farko, duka karɓaɓɓun abubuwan uku da Alexei Tolstoy "Walking in the throes" (1974 - 1977, V. Ordynsky da 1956 - 1959, G. Roshal). Yin fim a cikin Krasnodar sanannen fim ne "A cikin mutuwata, don Allah a zargi Klava K." (1980), Memento ga mai gabatar da kara (1989), da kuma Kwallon Kwallon (1980). Fim ɗin karshe da aka harba a Krasnodar shima an sadaukar dashi ga taken ƙwallon ƙafa. Wannan shine "Kocin" Danila Kozlovsky.
16. Akwai jirgin ruwa na gaske a Krasnodar. Tabbas haƙiƙa cewa a farkon shekarun 1980 wani kamfani na shaye shaye ya kusan saci (ko ma an sace shi, amma an kama shi da sauri) jirgin ruwa daga tashar a farkon shekarun 1980, bisa ga mashahurin keken. Jirgin ruwan M-261 yana cikin "Park na Shekaru 30 na Nasara". An canza ta zuwa Krasnodar daga Seaungiyar Bahar Maliya bayan an rubuta ta. A cikin 1990s, an rufe gidan kayan gargajiya, kuma jirgin ruwan yana cikin mummunan yanayi. Bayan haka an shantashi kuma anyi faci dashi, amma aikin gidan kayan tarihin bai sake ba.
17. Sabon lu'u lu'u na Krasnodar shine filin wasa iri ɗaya. Maigidan kulab ɗin ƙwallon ƙafa "Krasnodar" Sergey Galitsky ne ya ba da kuɗin ginin. Ginin filin wasan ya dauki watanni 40 daidai - an fara shi a watan Afrilun 2013, an gama shi a watan Satumba na 2016. An tsara Krasnodar a Jamus, kamfanonin Turkiyya ne suka gina ta, kuma kamfanonin cikin Rasha ne suka samar da kayan aiki na ciki da waje. Filin Wasan Krasnodar ya zauna sama da 'yan kallo dubu 34 kuma ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan mafi kyawun filin wasa a duniya a cikin darajansa. A waje, yayi kama da Roman Colosseum. Filin wasan yana hade da wurin shakatawa, wanda aka ci gaba da gina shi bayan bude filin wasan kwallon kafa. Kudin wurin shakatawa daidai yake da farashin filin wasa - $ 250 miliyan da $ 400.
18. Duk da yake ko'ina a cikin Rasha an ayyana taram ɗin a matsayin hanyar safarar da ba ta da riba tare da sakamakon da ya dace da layukan tarago, a cikin Krasnodar har ma sun sami damar bayar da tallafi ga sauran hanyoyin jigilar kayayyaki ta hanyar kuɗin motar.Haka kuma, Krasnodar na shirin kera sama da kilomita 20 na sabbin layukan tarago kuma ya sayi sabbin motoci 100 a cikin shekaru masu zuwa. A lokaci guda, ba za a iya cewa tram ɗin da ke cikin Krasnodar ta wata hanya ce ta zamani ba. Akwai sababbin motoci kaɗan, babu kayan lantarki kamar GPS-bayanai a kowane tasha, kuma ana karɓar biyan kuɗi (28 rubles) wani lokacin cikin tsabar kuɗi. Koyaya, hanyar sadarwa mai yawa, tazarar tazarar motsi da kiyaye kayan juye-juye da hanyoyin mota suna ba da damar motar ta zama shahararren jigilar birni.
19. Idan aka kwatanta da mafiya yawa daga cikin biranen Rasha, yanayin Krasnodar yayi kyau. Tsananin sanyi mai wuya anan, koda a watan Janairu matsakaita yanayin zafin jiki ya kasance + 0.8 - + 1 ° С. Kusan galibi akwai ranakun 300 na rana a shekara, ana rarraba hazo daidai. Koyaya, ta mahangar ta'aziya, abubuwa ba abu ne mai daɗi ba. A lokacin bazara da kaka, yanayin Krasnodar yana da kyau sosai, amma a lokacin bazara, saboda tsananin ɗumi da zafi, ya fi kyau kada a sake fitowa a waje. Ana amfani da kwandishan a cikin iska sosai, wanda hanyoyin sadarwar lantarki da tashoshi ba sa iya jurewa. A cikin hunturu, saboda yanayin zafi iri ɗaya, har ma da ɗan sanyi mai iska tare da iska yana haifar da ƙarancin hanyoyi, hanyoyin gefen gado, bishiyoyi da wayoyi.
20. mallakar Maidan a Krasnodar ya fara ne a ranar 15 ga Janairun 1961, tun kafin Maidan ya zama babba. Sunan Krasnodar "onizhedet" shi ne Vasily Gren - wani sojan da aka tilasta masa ya yi kokarin sayar da tarkacen ofis a kasuwa. Sojoji masu sintiri sun tsare shi. Jama'ar da suka fusata sun yi ƙoƙari su hana wanda gwamnatin ta shafa. Masu bin doka ba su aiki, kuma abubuwan da suka faru sun birgima kamar ƙwallon dusar ƙanƙara. Jama'ar da farko sun kutsa kai cikin rundunar 'yan sanda, sannan kuma daga bangaren sojoji, amma kawai sun sami bayyanar wani mai alfarma - dalibin makarantar sakandare, wanda harsashin da aka aika a sashin sojoji ya yi wa lahani. Manufa ta gaba ta fusata 'yan ƙasa ita ce kwamitin birni na jam'iyyar. Anan harin ya kasance mai nasara - 'yan jam'iyyar sun gudu ta tagogi, daidaikun' yan ƙasa sun sami damar kame abubuwa masu amfani da yawa don ci gaba da gwagwarmayar: katifu, kujeru, madubai, zane-zane. Masu zanga-zangar da suka gaji sun kwanta dama a ginin kwamitin birnin. A can, da safe, aka fara kama su. An gano masu tayar da hankali, an gudanar da kara, kuma da alama sun ma zartar da hukuncin kisa kamar wata. Amma hukumomi ba su yanke hukunci ba - dole ne su yi harbi da gaske a Novocherkassk.
