Lichens sananne ne tun zamanin da. Ko da babban Theophrastus, wanda ake ɗauka a matsayin "mahaifin tsire-tsire", ya bayyana nau'ikan lichens biyu - rochella kuma suna da lokaci. Tuni a cikin waɗannan shekarun, ana amfani dasu sosai don samar da dyes da abubuwa masu ƙanshi. Gaskiya ne, a wancan lokacin ana kiran lichens ko dai mosses, ko algae, ko kuma "rikicewar yanayi."
Bayan haka, na dogon lokaci, dole ne masana kimiyya su rarraba lichens a matsayin ƙananan tsire-tsire, kuma ba da daɗewa ba aka rarraba su a matsayin jinsinsu daban, wanda yanzu ya ƙaru sama da wakilai 25840 daban-daban. A halin yanzu ba a san takamaiman adadin irin wadannan ba, amma ana samun karin sabbin halittu a kowace shekara.
Masana kimiyya suna gudanar da bincike kan lichens, kuma sun sami damar tabbatar da cewa irin wannan ciyawar na iya rayuwa a cikin yanayin acidic da alkaline. Mafi mahimmanci shine gaskiyar cewa lichens na iya rayuwa sama da kwanaki 15 ba tare da iska ba da kuma waje da yanayin mu.
1. Duk nau'ikan lichens sune yankuna waɗanda suke da alaƙa da algae, fungi, da cyanobacteria.
2. Ana kuma samun lasin a cikin yanayin dakin gwaje-gwaje. Don yin wannan, kawai ƙetare nau'in naman gwari mai dacewa tare da ƙwayoyin cuta da algae.
3. Kalmar "lichen" saboda kamanceceniyar wadannan halittu ne da rashin lafiyar fata da ake kira "lichen".
4. Girman girma na kowane nau'in lichen karami ne: ƙasa da cm 1 a shekara. Waɗannan lichens ɗin da ke girma a cikin yanayin sanyi ba su da girma fiye da 3-5 mm a kowace shekara.
5. Daga cikin shahararrun nau'ikan namomin kaza, an kafa lichens da kusan kashi 20 cikin dari. Adadin algae da lichens ke sake kirkirawa ya ma fi kyau. Fiye da rabin dukkan lichens a cikin abubuwan da suke da su suna da alga trebuxia unicellular.
6. Lissafi da yawa suna zama abincin dabbobi. Wannan gaskiyane a arewa.
7. Lichens na iya fadawa cikin yanayin rashin rai ba tare da ruwa ba, amma idan suka sami ruwa, sai su fara yin aiki sake. Ana ɗaukar yanayi sananne ne lokacin da irin wannan ciyawar ta rayu bayan rashin aiki tsawon shekaru 42.
8. Kamar yadda masana burbushin halittu suka kafa shi, lichens ya bayyana a duniyar tamu tun kafin wanzuwar dinosaur na farko. Mafi dadadden burbushin wannan nau'in ya kasance shekaru miliyan 415.
9. Lichens suna girma cikin sannu a hankali, amma suna rayuwa tsawon lokaci. Suna iya rayuwa tsawon ɗaruruwan kuma wani lokacin dubunnan shekaru. Lichens ɗayan ƙwayoyin halitta ne mafi tsayi.
10. Lichens ba shi da tushe, amma suna da ƙarfi sosai a haɗe da matattarar ta hanyar sabbin abubuwa na musamman waɗanda ke ƙasan thallus.
11. Lichens ana daukar kwayoyin halittar bioindicator. Suna girma ne kawai a cikin tsabtataccen mahalli, sabili da haka ba zaku haɗu da su ba a cikin manyan yankuna da wuraren masana'antu.
12. Akwai nau'ikan lichens wadanda ake amfani dasu azaman rina.
13. A cikin girmamawa ga shugaban Amurka Barack Obama 44, an sanya sabon nau'in lashen. An gano shi a cikin 2007 yayin binciken kimiyya a California. Wannan shine irin shuke shuke na farko a duniya da aka sanyawa sunan shugaban kasa.
14. Masana kimiyya sun iya tabbatar da cewa leken yana dauke da amino acid wadanda suke da matukar muhimmanci ga jikin dan adam.
15. Abubuwan magani na lichens an san su tun zamanin da. Tuni a cikin tsohuwar Girka, an yi amfani dasu don magance cututtukan huhu.
16. Tsoffin Masarawa dole suyi amfani da lichens don cika kofofin jikin mummy.
17. Daga cikin dukkanin lasisin dake girma akan yankin jiharmu, kusan nau'ikan 40 sun kasance cikin littafin Ja.
18. Lichens sune farkon wadanda suka zauna kan wasu kayan masarufi kuma suka fara kirkirar kasa, suna share hanya ga sauran ciyawar.
19. Photosynthesis a cikin lichen alpine baya tsayawa koda a yanayin zafin iska na -5 ° C, kuma ana adana kayan aikin hotuna masu daukar hoto na busassun thalli ba tare da tashin hankali ba a zafin jiki na 100 ° C.
20. Ta hanyar nau'in abinci mai gina jiki, ana ɗaukar lichens auto-heterotrophs. Zasu iya adana makamashin hasken rana lokaci guda kuma su lalata ma'adinai da kayan aikin halitta.
