Lyudmila Markovna Gurchenko (1935-2011) - 'Yar fim din Soviet da Rasha, mawaƙa, daraktan fim, mai ba da labari, marubucin allo da kuma marubuci.
Mawallafin Mutane na USSR. Lambar Yabo ta Jiha na RSFSR su. 'yan'uwan Vasiliev da Priasar Rasha ta Rasha. Chevalier na Umurnin itabi'a ga Fatherasar Uba, digiri na 2, na 3 da na 4.
Mai kallon ya tuna Gurchenko da farko don irin waɗannan fina-finai masu ban sha'awa kamar Carnival Night, Girl with guitar, Station for Two, Love and Doves, Old Nags da sauransu da yawa.
Akwai tarihin ban sha'awa da yawa a cikin tarihin Gurchenko, wanda za mu yi magana game da shi a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, a gabanku gajeriyar tarihin Lyudmila Gurchenko.
Biography na Gurchenko
An haifi Lyudmila Gurchenko a ranar 12 ga Nuwamba, 1935 a Kharkov. Ta tashi ne a cikin dangi mai sauƙin kai tare da kuɗi kaɗan, wanda ba shi da alaƙa da masana'antar fim.
Mahaifin 'yar fim din, Mark Gavrilovich (ainihin suna Gurchenkov), ya buga madogara ta jituwa da rera waka. Shi, kamar matarsa, Elena Aleksandrovna, ya yi aiki a Philharmonic.
Yara da samari
Ludmila ta yi yarinta a cikin ɗaki mai hawa ɗaya na ɓangaren ƙasa. Tunda aka haife ta a cikin dangin masu fasaha, yarinyar sau da yawa ta ziyarci Philharmonic, tana halartar maimaitawa.
Komai yayi daidai har zuwa lokacin da Babban Yaƙin rioasa (1941-1945) ya fara. Uba Gurchenko kai tsaye ya ba da kai don gaba, duk da cewa ya naƙasasshe kuma ya riga ya tsufa.
Lokacin da ƙaramin Luda bai wuce shekaru 6 da haihuwa ba, Nazis ya kama shi, sakamakon ɗayan mawuyacin lokaci ya fara a tarihinta. A wata hira da aka yi da ita, jarumar ta yarda cewa a wancan lokacin dole ne ta yi waka da rawa a gaban maharan domin ta samu akalla abinci.
Tun da Gurchenko tana zaune tare da mahaifiyarta kuma galibi ba ta samun abinci mai gina jiki, sai ta shiga fadan garin, waɗanda galibi suke zuwa kasuwanni da fatan za su sami yanki burodi. Yarinyar ta tsira ta hanyar mu'ujiza bayan ɗayan hare-haren da 'yan Nazi suka shirya.
Lokacin da sojojin Red Army suka yi wata fitina a cikin gari, Jamusawa a cikin martani galibi sukan fara kashe talakawan ƙasa, galibi yara da mata, waɗanda suka kama idanunsu.
Bayan rani na 1943 Kharkov ya sake kasancewa a ƙarƙashin ikon sojojin Rasha, Lyudmila Gurchenko ta tafi makaranta. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce cewa abin da ta fi so shi ne yaren Ukrainian.
Samun takardar shaidar, yarinyar ta ci nasarar jarabawa a makarantar kiɗa. Beethoven. Sannan Lyudmila mai shekaru 18 ta tafi Moscow, inda ta sami damar shiga VGIK. Anan ta sami damar bayyana cikakkiyar damarta ta kirkira.
Gurchenko ɗayan ɗalibai ne masu hazaka, waɗanda suka iya rawa, waƙa da kuma kaɗa piano da kyau. Bayan kammala karatun jami'a, ta yi dan wani lokaci a dandalin silima daban-daban, ciki har da Sovremennik da Theater. Chekhov.
Fina-finai
Yayinda take dalibi, Lyudmila Gurchenko ta fara fitowa rayayye a cikin fina-finan fasali. A cikin 1956, masu kallo sun gan ta a cikin fina-finai kamar su "Hanyar Gaskiya," Zuciya Ta Sake Komawa ... "," An Haifi Namiji "da" Daren Carnival ".
Bayan shiga cikin kaset ɗin karshe, inda ta sami mahimmin rawa, to ƙimar ƙawancen Unionungiyoyi duka ta zo Gurchenko. Bugu da kari, masu sauraro da sauri sun kamu da soyayyar shahararriyar wakar "Minti Biyar" da wata matashiyar 'yar fim ta yi.
Bayan 'yan shekaru bayan haka, Lyudmila ta sami babban matsayi a cikin' yar ban dariya ta Girl tare da Guitar. Wannan aikin bai sami nasara sosai ba, sakamakon haka ne masu sauraren Soviet suka fara ganin ta kawai yarinya mai fara'a da butulci tare da kyakkyawar sura da murmushi mai annuri.
Manta
A cikin 1957, yayin daukar fim din "'Yan Mata da Guitar", Ministan Al'adun Tarayyar Soviet Nikolai Mikhailov ya kirawo Lyudmila. Dangane da wata sigar, mutumin yana son shigar da ita cikin haɗin gwiwa tare da KGB, tunda ba da daɗewa ba za a yi bikin Internationalasa da Matasa na Internationalasashe.
Bayan ya saurari ministan, Gurchenko ya ki amincewa da shawararsa, wanda a zahiri ya zama dalilin tsananta ta da wasu mantuwa. A cikin shekaru 10 masu zuwa, galibi ta yi wasan kwaikwayo na sakandare.
Kuma kodayake wani lokacin ana ba da amanar Lyudmila da mahimman ayyuka, irin waɗannan fina-finai ba a lura da su ba. Daga baya, ta yarda cewa wancan lokacin na tarihinta shine mafi wahalar mata a cikin abubuwan kirkira.
A cewar Gurchenko, a wancan lokacin tana cikin mafi kyawun sura. Koyaya, saboda matsaloli tare da hukumomi, harkar fim dinta ta fara raguwa.
Komawa
A farkon shekarun 70, ƙarshen baƙar fata a cikin aikin Lyudmila Markovna ya ƙare. Ta taka rawar gani a fina-finai irin su The Road to Rübezal, Old Walls and The Straw Hat.
Bayan haka, Gurchenko ya fito a cikin shahararrun fina-finai: "Kwana ashirin ba tare da Yaƙin ba", "Mama", "Swallows na Sama", "Sibiriada" da "Barin - Barwa." A duk waɗannan ayyukan, ta taka rawa cikin manyan haruffa.
A cikin 1982, Lyudmila Gurchenko ta yi fice a cikin waka mai ban sha'awa "Tashar na Biyu", inda Oleg Basilashvili ta zama abokiyar aikinta. A yau wannan fim ɗin ana ɗaukar shi kamar fim ɗin fim ɗin Soviet.
Bayan shekaru 2, Gurchenko ya rikide ya zama Raisa Zakharovna a cikin wasan barkwanci Love da Kurciya. Yawancin masu sukar fim sun yi imanin cewa wannan fim ɗin yana cikin TOP-3 na shahararrun fina-finan gida. Yawancin maganganu daga wannan wasan kwaikwayon da sauri sun zama sananne.
A cikin 90s, Lyudmila ta tuna da masu sauraro don irin waɗannan ayyukan kamar "My matuƙin jirgin ruwa" da "Saurara, Fellini!" A cikin 2000, ta sami ɗayan manyan jagorori a cikin wasan kwaikwayo na Ryazanov na Old Nags, inda abokanta suka kasance Svetlana Kryuchkova, Liya Akhedzhakova da Irina Kupchenko.
A cikin sabon karni, Gurchenko ya ci gaba da yin fina-finai, amma hotunan tare da sa hannun ba su ci nasara kamar na baya ba. An kira ta shahararren mai fasaha don rawar da ta taka a lokacin Soviet.
Waƙa
Lyudmila Gurchenko ta kwashe faya-fayan wakoki har sau 17, sannan kuma ta buga wasu litattafai guda 3 na tarihin rayuwa.
Ya kamata a lura cewa mai wasan kwaikwayon ya raira waƙa sau da yawa a cikin waƙoƙin tare da shahararrun mawaƙa, 'yan wasa har ma da mawaƙa. Ta haɗu tare da Alla Pugacheva, Andrei Mironov, Mikhail Boyarsky, Ilya Lagutenko, Boris Moiseev da sauran taurari da yawa.
Bugu da kari, Gurchenko ya dauki bidiyon 17 don abubuwan da ta tsara. Aikin karshe na Lyudmila Markovna shine bidiyo wanda ta rufe wakar Zemfira "Kuna so?"
Gurchenko ya yi magana cikin farin ciki game da Zemfira da aikinta, yana mai kiranta "yarinya mai hazaka." Matar ta kuma kara da cewa lokacin da aka nemi ta rera wakar "Shin kuna son na kashe makwabta?", Ta sami farin ciki mai ban mamaki daga taba hakikanin baiwa.
Rayuwar mutum
A cikin tarihin rayuwar Lyudmila Gurchenko, akwai littattafai da yawa, waɗanda yawanci sukan ƙare a cikin aure - jami'in 5 da na 1.
Mijinta na farko ya zama darakta Vasily Ordynsky, wanda ta zauna tare da ƙasa da shekaru 2. Bayan haka, yarinyar ta auri masanin tarihin Boris Andronikashvili. Daga baya suka sami yarinya mai suna Mariya. Koyaya, wannan ƙungiyar ta faɗi bayan shekaru biyu.
Na uku zaɓaɓɓen ɗayan Gurchenko shine ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Alexander Fadeev. Abin sha'awa, a wannan lokacin ma, aurenta yakai shekaru 2 kawai. Miji na gaba ya zama sanannen mai zane Joseph Kobzon, wanda ta zauna tare da shi tsawon shekaru 3.
A cikin 1973 Lyudmila Markovna ta zama matar gama gari matar fiyano Konstantin Kuperveis. Abin mamaki, dangantakar su ta kasance tsawon shekaru 18.
Mata ta shida kuma ta ƙarshe da aka yi wa Gurchenko ita ce mai shirya fim Sergei Senin, wanda ta zauna tare da shi har zuwa mutuwarta.
Alaka da diya
Tare da 'yarta daya, Maria Koroleva, jarumar tana da kyakkyawar dangantaka. Yarinyar ta tashi daga wurin kakanninta, tunda tauraruwar mahaifiyarta ta kwashe dukkan lokacinta a kan aikin.
Wannan ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa yana da wahala Mariya ta fahimci Gurchenko a matsayin mahaifiyarta, saboda tana ganin ta da ƙyar. Bayan balaga, yarinyar ta auri wani mutum mai sauƙi, wanda ta haifi ɗa namiji, Mark, da 'yarsa, Elena.
Koyaya, Lyudmila Markovna har yanzu tana cikin rikici, tare da 'yarta da kuma surukinta. Koyaya, tana matukar son jikokinta, waɗanda aka sakawa sunan mahaifinta da mahaifiyarta.
Maria Koroleva ba ta taɓa yin sha'awar zama 'yar wasa ko sanannen mutum ba. Ba kamar mahaifiyarta ba, ta fi son rayuwar keɓantacciya, kuma ta yi watsi da kayan shafawa da suttura masu tsada.
A cikin 1998, jikan Gurchenko ya mutu saboda shan kwayoyi. 'Yar wasan ta ɗauki mutuwar Mark sosai. Daga baya, ta sake samun rikici tare da Maria akan bangon ɗakin.
Mahaifiyar Lyudmila Markovna ta ba da wasiyya ga ɗanta kaɗai, ba ɗiyarta ba. Jarumar ba ta yarda da wannan ba, sakamakon haka lamarin ya tafi kotu.
Mutuwa
Kimanin watanni shida kafin mutuwarta, Gurchenko ya karye ƙugu bayan ta zame a farfajiyar gidanta. An yi mata tiyata cikin nasara, amma ba da daɗewa ba lafiyar mace ta fara tabarbarewa bisa tushen bugun zuciya.
Lyudmila Markovna Gurchenko ta mutu a ranar 30 ga Satumba, 2011 tana da shekara 75. Tana sanye cikin rigar da ita kanta ta dinka jim kaɗan kafin mutuwarta.
Abin mamaki ne cewa Maria Koroleva ta sami labarin mutuwar mahaifiyarta daga manema labarai. A dalilin haka ne ta zo yi mata bankwana kawai karfe 11 na safe. A lokaci guda, matar ba ta son kewaye-da baƙi.
Ta tsaya a kan layin gama gari kuma, bayan ta sanya kunshin kayan ado a kabarin Gurchenko, sai ta yi shiru ta bar wurin. A cikin 2017, Maria Koroleva ta mutu saboda rashin aikin zuciya.
Hotunan Gurchenko
