Harry Houdini (ainihin suna Eric Weiss; 1874-1926) wani baƙon Ba'amurke ne, mai son bayar da agaji da kuma wasan kwaikwayo. Ya zama sananne saboda fallasa masu cin amana da dabaru masu rikitarwa tare da tserewa da sakewa.
Akwai tarihin gaskiya mai yawa na Houdini, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, ga takaitaccen tarihin rayuwar Harry Houdini.
Tarihin Houdini
Eric Weiss (Harry Houdini) an haife shi ne a ranar 24 ga Maris, 1874 a Budapest (Austria-Hungary). Ya girma kuma ya girma a cikin dangin Bayahude mai bautar Meer Samuel Weiss da Cecilia Steiner. Baya ga Eric, iyayensa sun sami 'ya'ya mata da maza guda shida.
Yara da samari
Lokacin da mai ilimin ba da fata na gaba ya kasance kimanin shekara 4, shi da iyayensa suka yi ƙaura zuwa Amurka, suka zauna a Appleton (Wisconsin). Anan ne shugaban gidan ya sami daukaka zuwa malamin majami'ar Reform.
Yayinda yake yaro, Houdini yana son dabarun sihiri, galibi yana halartar circus da sauran abubuwan da suka faru. Da zarar kungiyar ta Jack Hefler ta ziyarci garinsu, a sakamakon haka ne abokai suka lallashi yaron don nuna masa kwarewar su.
Jack yayi mamakin yawan lambobin Harry, amma ainihin sha'awarsa ya bayyana bayan ya ga wata dabara da yaro ya ƙirƙira. Rataya a ƙasa, Houdini ya tattara allurar a ƙasa ta amfani da girare da gashin ido. Hefler ya yaba da ƙaramin mayen kuma yayi masa fatan alheri.
Lokacin da Harry yake ɗan shekara 13, shi da danginsa suka ƙaura zuwa New York. Anan ya nuna dabarun kati a wuraren nishaɗi, kuma ya zo da lambobi ta amfani da abubuwa daban-daban.
Ba da daɗewa ba Houdini da ɗan'uwansa suka fara yin wasa a baje kolin da ƙananan wasannin kwaikwayo. Kowace shekara shirinsu yana daɗa rikitarwa da ban sha'awa. Saurayin ya lura da cewa masu sauraro musamman sun fi son lambobin da aka 'yanta masu sana'ar daga' daure da kulle-kulle.
Don ƙarin fahimtar yadda ake gina makullai, Harry Houdini ya sami aiki a matsayin mai koyo a cikin shagon makullin maƙerin. Lokacin da ya sami nasarar yin babban mabuɗin daga wata waya wacce ta buɗe makullin, ya fahimci cewa a cikin bitar ba zai kara koyon komai ba.
Abun al'ajabi, Harry ba kawai girmama fasaharsa ba a cikin fasaha, amma kuma ya mai da hankali sosai ga ƙarfin jiki. Yayi atisayen motsa jiki, haɓaka haɓaka haɗin gwiwa kuma horarwa don riƙe numfashinsa tsawon lokacin da zai yiwu.
Dabarar sihiri
Lokacin da mai rudanin ya cika shekaru 16, sai ya ci karo da "Memoirs na Robert Goodin, Ambasada, Marubuci kuma masihirci, Wanda ya Rubuta da kansa." Bayan karanta littafin, saurayin ya yanke shawarar daukar sunan bege domin girmama marubucin. A lokaci guda, ya ɗauki sunan "Harry" cikin girmamawa ga sanannen mai sihiri Harry Kellar.
Ganin matsalolin rashin kudi, mutumin ya zo daya daga cikin jaridu, inda yayi alkawarin tona asirin duk wani batun akan $ 20. Koyaya, editan ya bayyana cewa baya buƙatar irin waɗannan sabis ɗin. Hakanan ya faru a wasu wallafe-wallafe.
A sakamakon haka, Houdini ya yanke hukunci cewa 'yan jarida ba sa bukatar bayanin dabaru, amma abin jin dadi ne. Ya fara nuna abubuwa da yawa na "allahntaka": yantar da kansa daga satar kaya, yawo ta bangon bulo, sannan kuma ya fito daga kasan wani kogi bayan an jefa shi, an daure shi da mari mai nauyin kilo 30.
Bayan samun babban farin jini, Harry yawon shakatawa zuwa Turai. A cikin 1900, ya baiwa masu sauraro mamaki da Bacewar Bidiyon Giwa, inda dabba da aka lulluɓe da mayafi ta ɓace da zarar tsaran ya yaɗe ta. Bugu da kari, ya nuna dabaru da yawa don yanci.
Houdini an ɗaure shi da igiyoyi, an ɗaure shi da mari kuma an kulle shi a cikin kwalaye, amma duk lokacin da ya sami damar tserewa ta wata hanyar mu'ujiza. Ya kuma tsere daga ainihin gidan yarin a lokuta da dama.
Misali, a cikin 1908 a Rasha, Harry Houdini ya nuna sakin kai daga hukuncin mutuwa a kurkukun Butyrka da Peter da Paul Fortress. Ya nuna irin wannan adadi a gidajen yarin Amurka.
Yayin da Houdini ya girma, ya zama da wahalar tunanin dabarunsa masu ban sha'awa, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa yake yawan zuwa asibiti. A cikin 1910 ya nuna sabon lamba don fitarwa daga bakin bakin sakan sakan kafin volley.
A wannan lokacin tarihin rayuwar Harry Houdini ya zama mai sha'awar jirgin sama. Wannan ya sa shi ya sayi jirgin sama. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, mai rudanin shine farkon wanda ya tashi jirgi na 1 akan Australiya a tarihi.
A lokacin da ya shahara da farin jini, Houdini ya san mashahuran mutane da yawa, ciki har da Shugaban Amurka Theodore Roosevelt. Tsoron ƙare rayuwarsa cikin talauci, kamar yadda ya faru da mahaifinsa, ya mamaye shi ko'ina.
Dangane da wannan, Harry yayi la'akari da kowane dinari, amma bai yi rowa ba. Akasin haka, ya ba da gudummawar kuɗi don sayan littattafai da zane-zane, ya taimaka wa tsofaffi, ya ba da sadaka ga matalauta a cikin zinariya, kuma ya halarci kide-kide na sadaka.
A lokacin rani na 1923, an nada Harry Houdini a matsayin Freemason, ya zama Jagora Freemason a wannan shekarar. Ya damu ƙwarai da gaske cewa a ƙarƙashin rinjayar mashahuri na ruhaniya a lokacin, yawancin masu sihiri sun fara ɓoye lambobinsu da bayyanar da sadarwa da ruhohi.
A wannan batun, Houdini yakan halarci yanayin rashin fahimta, yana fallasa masu sihiri.
Rayuwar mutum
Mutumin ya auri yarinya mai suna Bess. Wannan auren ya zama mai ƙarfi sosai. Abun birgewa shine duk tsawon rayuwarsu tare, ma'auratan suna yiwa junan su magana kamar - "Mrs. Houdini" da "Mr. Houdini".
Kuma duk da haka akwai rikice-rikice lokaci-lokaci tsakanin mata da miji. Yana da kyau a lura cewa Bess yayi da'awar wani addini na daban, wanda wani lokacin yakan haifar da rikice-rikicen iyali. Don adana auren, Houdini da matarsa sun fara bin doka mai sauƙi - don guje wa faɗa.
Lokacin da al'amarin ya ta'azzara, Harry ya ɗaga girarsa ta dama sau uku. Wannan alamar tana nufin cewa matar ta yi shiru nan da nan. Lokacin da dukansu suka huce, sun warware rikicin cikin kwanciyar hankali.
Bess kuma tana da alama ta kanta game da yanayin fushinta. Ganin shi, Houdini ya fice daga gidan ya zagaya sau 4. Bayan haka, ya jefa hular a cikin gida, kuma idan matarsa ba ta sake jefa shi ba, wannan ya yi maganar sulhu.
Mutuwa
Wakilin Houdini ya haɗa da Jaridar Pressarfe, a lokacin da yake nuna ƙarfin aikin jaridar sa wanda zai iya jure kowane irin rauni. Sau ɗaya, ɗalibai uku sun shigo ɗakin sawa, suna son sanin ko da gaske zai iya ɗaukar kowane irin rauni.
Harry, cikin tunani, ya yi kabbara. Nan da nan ɗayan ɗaliban, zakaran dambe na kwaleji, ya buge shi da ƙarfi a ciki sau 2 ko 3. Mai sihiri nan da nan ya tsayar da mutumin yana cewa saboda wannan ya shirya.
Bayan haka, ɗan dambe ya sake buga wasu naushi, wanda Houdini ya ci gaba kamar koyaushe. Koyaya, busa na farko sun mutu a gare shi. Sun haifar da fashewar shafi, wanda ya haifar da peritonitis. Bayan wannan, mutumin ya rayu na wasu kwanaki da yawa, kodayake likitoci sun yi hasashen saurin mutuwa.
Babban Harry Houdini ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Oktoba, 1926 yana da shekara 52. Yana da kyau a lura cewa ɗalibin da ya buge bugun bai ɗauki wani nauyi ga ayyukansu ba.
Hotunan Houdini
