Shin zai yiwu a sami wani wuri wanda zai dace da daidaituwa kamar Fadar Versailles?! Tsarinta na waje, alherin ciki da kuma wurin shakatawa an yi su ne cikin salo iri ɗaya, dukkanin hadaddun sun cancanci tafiya ta wakilan aristocracy. Kowane ɗan yawon shakatawa tabbas zai ji daɗin ruhun zamanin mulkin sarakuna, tunda yana da sauƙi a gwada matsayin mai iko da ƙarfi, wanda a cikin ikonsa duk ƙasar, akan fada da yankin shakatawa. Babu wani hoto da zai iya isar da alheri na gaske, tunda kowane mita na wannan mahaɗar ana tunanin ta zuwa mafi ƙanƙan bayanai.
A takaice game da Fadar Versailles
Wataƙila, babu mutanen da ba su san inda keɓaɓɓen tsarin yake ba. Shahararren fada shine alfahari da Faransa kuma gidan mashahurin masarauta a duniya. Tana kusa da Paris kuma a baya gini ne mai 'yanci tare da yankin shakatawa. Tare da karuwar shaharar wannan wuri a tsakanin masarauta a kusa da Versailles, gidaje da yawa sun bayyana, inda masu ginin, bayin, masu ci gaba da sauran mutane aka ba su izinin shiga kotun suke rayuwa.
Tunanin ƙirƙirar ƙungiyar masarauta mallakar Louis XIV ne, wanda aka fi sani da "Sun King". Shi da kansa ya yi nazarin dukkan tsare-tsare da hotuna tare da zane, ya yi musu gyara. Mai mulkin ya gano Fadar Versailles da alamar iko, mafi iko da rashin lalacewa. Sarki ne kawai zai iya keɓance cikakken yalwa, don haka ana jin daɗin jin daɗi da wadata a cikin dukkan bayanan fadar. Babban faɗinsa ya faɗi tsawon mita 640, kuma wurin shakatawa ya mamaye kadada ɗari.
Tsarin gargajiya, wanda ya kasance a saman koli na shahara a karni na 17, an zaɓi shi azaman babban salo. Da yawa daga cikin mafi kyawun gine-gine sun shiga cikin ƙirƙirar wannan babban aikin, wanda ya wuce matakai da yawa na gini. Manyan mashahuran mashahurai ne kaɗai suka yi aikin ado a cikin gidan sarautar, ƙirƙirar zane-zane, zane-zane da sauran ƙimomin fasaha waɗanda har yanzu suke ƙawata ta.
Tarihin gina shahararren gidan hadadden gida
Yana da wuya a faɗi lokacin da aka gina Fadar Versailles, tunda an gudanar da aiki a kan mahaɗan har bayan da sarki ya zauna a sabon gidan kuma ya tsara ƙwallo a cikin zauren farin ciki. Ginin ya karɓi matsayin hukuma na gidan sarauta a 1682, amma ya fi kyau a ambaci tarihin ƙirƙirar abin tunawa da al'adu cikin tsari.
Da farko, tun daga 1623, a kan shafin na Versailles, akwai ƙaramin gidan fada, inda masarauta tare da retan ragowa suke yayin da suke farauta a dazukan yankin. A cikin 1632, an fadada mallakar sarakunan Faransa a wannan yanki na ƙasar ta hanyar siyan ƙasa mai kusa. An gudanar da ƙananan ayyukan gini kusa da ƙauyen Versailles, amma sake fasalin duniya ya fara ne kawai da zuwan ikon Louis XIV.
The Sun King ya zama mai mulkin Faransa da wuri kuma har abada ya tuna da tashin hankalin Fronde, wanda hakan ya zama dalilin da yasa zama a Faris ya haifar da abubuwan da ba na farin ciki ga Louis. Bugu da ƙari, kasancewarsa saurayi, mai mulkin ya yaba da kayan masarufin na Ministan kuɗi Nicolas Fouquet kuma ya yi fatan ƙirƙirar Fadar Versailles, ta hanyar ƙawata dukkanin gidajen da ake da su, ta yadda babu wani a cikin ƙasar da zai yi shakkar dukiyar sarki. An gayyaci Louis Leveaux zuwa matsayin mai ginin, tun da ya riga ya kafa kansa wajen aiwatar da wasu manyan ayyuka.
Muna baka shawara ka karanta game da Fadar Doge.
A duk tsawon rayuwar Louis XIV, ana aiwatar da aiki a kan taron fadar. Baya ga Louis Leveaux, Charles Lebrun da Jules Hardouin-Mansart sun yi aikin gini; wurin shakatawa da lambuna na hannun André Le Nôtre ne. Babban kadara na Fadar Versailles a wannan matakin ginin shi ne Gidan Hoto na Madubi, wanda zane-zane ya sauya tare da ɗaruruwan madubai. Haka kuma a zamanin Sarki Sun, Filin Yaki da Grand Trianon sun bayyana, kuma an gina ɗakin sujada.
A cikin 1715, iko ya ba da izinin ga Louis XV mai shekaru biyar, wanda, tare da waɗanda suke tare da shi, suka dawo zuwa Paris kuma tsawon lokaci bai sake gina Versailles ba. A cikin shekarun mulkinsa, an kammala Salon na Hercules, kuma an ƙirƙiri Apartananan Gidajen Sarki. Babban nasara a wannan matakin ginin shine ginin Little Trianon da kammala Hall na Opera.
Aka gyara fadar da yankin shakatawa
Ba shi yiwuwa a bayyana abubuwan da ake gani na Fadar Versailles, tunda komai a cikin taron yana da jituwa da kyau cewa kowane daki-daki aikin gaske ne na fasaha. Yayin balaguro, tabbas yakamata ku ziyarci waɗannan wurare:
A babbar ƙofar shiga yankin hadaddun gidan sarauta, akwai ƙyauren ƙofa da aka yi da zinariya, an yi mata ado da rigar makamai da kambi. Filin da ke gaban fadar an kawata shi da zane-zane wanda kuma ana samunsa a cikin babban dakin da kuma ko'ina cikin wurin shakatawa. Kuna iya samun mutum-mutumi na Kaisar, wanda ƙwararrun masanan Faransa suka yaba da bautarsa.
Har ila yau, ya kamata mu ambaci Park na Versailles saboda wuri ne na musamman, yana mai ban sha'awa da bambancinsa, kyakkyawa da amincin sa. Akwai maɓuɓɓugan maɓuɓɓuka waɗanda aka yi ado da su tare da shirye-shiryen kiɗa, lambuna na lambu, ɗakunan ciyawa, wuraren waha. Ana tattara furanni a cikin gadajen filaye na ban mamaki, kuma shrubs suna da siffa kowace shekara.
Muhimman abubuwa a cikin tarihin Versailles
Kodayake an yi amfani da Fadar ta Versailles a matsayin wurin zama na ɗan gajeren lokaci, amma ta taka muhimmiyar rawa ga ƙasar - a cikin ƙarni na 19 ta karɓi matsayin gidan kayan gargajiya na ƙasa, inda aka yi jigilar zane-zane da yawa, hotuna da zane-zane.
Tare da shan kashi a Yaƙin Franco-Prussian, gidajen zama sun zama mallakar Jamusawa. Sun zabi Hall of Mirrors don ayyana kansu daular Jamusawa a cikin 1871. Faransawa sun fusata da wurin da aka zaba, don haka bayan kayen da Jamus ta yi a yakin duniya na farko, lokacin da aka dawo da Versailles zuwa Faransa, an sanya hannu kan yarjejeniyar zaman lafiya a daki daya.
Tun daga shekaru 50 na karni na 20, wata al'ada ta samo asali a Faransa, a cewarta duk shugabannin kasashen da ke ziyarar za su hadu da shugaban a Versailles. Kawai a cikin shekarun 90 aka yanke shawarar watsi da wannan al'adar saboda tsananin farin jinin Fadar Versailles tsakanin masu yawon bude ido.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da Fadar Versailles
Sarakunan wasu ƙasashe waɗanda suka ziyarci wurin tarihi na Faransa sun yi mamakin alherin da jin daɗin gidan masarautar kuma galibi, bayan sun dawo gida, suna ƙoƙari su sake ƙirƙirar manyan fadoji tare da irin gine-ginen. Tabbas, ba zaku sami irin wannan halitta a ko'ina cikin duniya ba, amma yawancin gidaje a Italiya, Austria da Jamus suna da kamanceceniya. Ko gidajen sarauta a cikin Peterhof da Gatchina an yi su ne cikin tsari iri ɗaya, suna aron ra'ayoyi da yawa.
An san shi daga bayanan tarihi cewa yana da matukar wahala a kiyaye sirri a cikin gidan sarauta, tunda Louis XIV ya fi son sanin abin da ke cikin zuciyar fadawansa don kauce wa makirci da tayar da zaune tsaye. Castakin yana da kofofi da yawa da ɓoyayyun wurare, waɗanda sarki da maginin ginin da suka tsara su ne kawai suka san su.
A lokacin sarautar Sun King, kusan duk yanke shawara anyi shi a Fadar Versailles, saboda 'yan ƙasa da makusanta na autocrat suna nan ba dare ba rana. Don zama ɓangare na wakilan, dole ne mutum ya kasance a cikin Versailles a kai a kai kuma ya halarci bukukuwan yau da kullun, lokacin da Louis yakan ba da gata.
