Wataƙila sanannen sanannen yanayin sha'awar ƙasa shi ne almara na haruffan Jules Verne. Hannun littafin "Yara na Kyaftin Grant", saboda bayanin da ba a fassara ba da aka samu a cikin kwalba wanda ke jingina bisa umarnin raƙuman ruwan teku, sun yi wata tafiya ta zagaye duniya ta hanyar teku da ta ƙasa, ba tare da samun kyaftin din Scotland ɗin da ke neman taimako ba. Ba zato ba tsammani kuma jin kaɗan na ɗan Kyaftin Grant ɗan Robert ya sa aka yi nasarar yin balaguron tare da nasara ba inda Lord Glenarvan da sahabbansa suka yi tsammanin za su sami kyaftin ɗin ba, bisa ga fassarar da suke yi game da bayanan nasa.
Farfesa Paganel ya sake Sanar da Bayanin Grant
Akwai wadatattun irin wadannan misalai a cikin yanayin kasa na zahiri, kuma wa ya sani idan har wasu daga cikinsu ba su jagoranci babban marubuci ba, yana tattara abubuwa don littafinsa mai kyau na gaba. Bayan haka, masanin farfesa a fannin ilimin kasa da kasa mai suna Paganel ya yi nesa da kadai masanin kimiyyar, mai binciken jirgin da kuma mai binciken wanda ya yi kuskuren dariya. Yi hukunci da kanka:
1. A Transbaikalia akwai Apple Ridge, wanda sunansa ba shi da alaƙa da ko dai tuffa ko itacen apple, waɗanda ba a same su a can ba tun da daɗewa. Rashawan da suka zo suka tambayi mazauna yankin: “Kuma menene waɗannan tsaunukan da ke can?”, Kuma sun ji “Yabylgani-Daba” a cikin martani. Wakilan Turai, waɗanda ga alama sun rasa apples, a take sun sanya amsar da ta dace a kan taswirar.
2. Fernand Magellan da sahabbansa sun kasance mutane ne na farko kuma na karshe da suka tsallaka tekun Pacific a kyakkyawan yanayi. A yanzu ana ganin sunan "Masu nutsuwa" waɗanda ake son su tashi a cikin waɗancan ruwaye a matsayin mummunan abin dariya - girman da zurfin Tekun Pacific ana ɗaukarsa mafi haɗari.
3. Idan ka kalli taswirar yankin Sverdlovsk, za ka ga garuruwan Verkhnyaya Salda da Nizhnyaya Salda da ke kusa da su, kuma a kan taswirar Verkhnyaya Salda tana da ƙasa sosai. A zahiri, an bayyana abin da ya faru a sauƙaƙe - ra'ayoyin "sama" da "ƙasa" ana tantance su ne ta hanyar kwararar Kogin Salda, kuma ba ta hanyar kudu - arewa ba.
4. Wuri mafi zafi a Yankin Yammacin duniya yana cikin Amurka ta California kusa da tashar jirgin ƙasa da ake kira Siberia.
5. Gabaɗaya, babban abin da yake faruwa a nahiyar ta Amurka shine na biyu. Sunayen Latin Amurka suna maimaita sunayen biranen Sifen da Fotigal, Arewacin Amurka cike yake da sunayen wurare don Turairsu. Waɗannan biranen da dama suna da Santa Cruz, Moscow, Paris, Odessa, Sevilla, Barcelona, London har ma da Odessa da Zaporozhye.
6. Mafi ban sha'awa shine 'yan amshin shatan Amurka waɗanda journalistsan jaridun Amurka ke yi. A cikin 2008, sun tsorata rabin Atlanta ta hanyar ba da rahoto ga labarin cewa mamayewar Rasha da Georgia ta fara, kodayake suna nufin Georgia. Haka kuma a cikin iska sun rikita Nijar da Najeriya, Libya Tripoli da Lebanon Lebanon. Ofayan mafi girman huɗu na huɗu ana iya ɗaukar sawar Hong Kong ta editocin tashar telebijin ta CNN a Kudancin Amurka akan shafin Brazil na Rio de Janeiro.
Motar Hong Kong zuwa Kudancin Amurka a cewar CNN
7. Sunayen ƙasa a cikin Antarctica kwamiti ne na musamman ke tsara su, don haka akwai kankara da kololuwa, waɗanda ba sunayensu kawai don girmama masu ganowa da sarauta ba, har ma da sunayen mawaƙa da mawaƙa waɗanda ba su da rai. Har ma akwai duwatsu uku masu suna bayan Aramis, Porthos da Athos, amma saboda wasu dalilai D'Artanyan ya rasa sunayen yayin rarraba sunayen.
8. Sakamakon balaguron sa na biyu, Columbus a ƙarshe ya isa yankin Amurka ya sauka, inda ya ga ɗimbin kayan adon zinare akan mazaunan yankin. Nan da nan ƙasar ta karɓi suna “wadataccen bakin teku” - Costa Rica - amma Columbus da abokansa sun haɗu da manyan gari, waɗanda suka sayi kayan ado a Kudancin Amurka. Ba a sami zinariya a Costa Rica ba.
9. Lallai akwai kanana da yawa a tsibirin Canary, amma tarin tsibirai sun sami sunanta ba saboda tsuntsaye ba, amma saboda "canis" - a yaren Latin, karnukan da basa gaishe da sarki Numidian Yubu I (Numidia ta wanzu a arewacin Afirka a lokacin mulkin Rome. ). Fushin masarauta ya munana - tsibirai, waɗanda a da ake kira Aljanna, sun zama Karnuka.
Tsibirin Canary
10. Akwai wata ƙasa a duniya wacce, da izinin gwamnati, za'a iya zama ko dai a Arewacin Amurka ko Kudancin Amurka. Wannan shine Panama. Har zuwa 1903, ƙasar da ta mallaki Canal na Panama ta ɗauki kanta a matsayin ƙasar Kudancin Amurka, bayan har zuwa yau - Arewa. Saboda neman 'yanci daga Kolombiya, wacce a baya ta kasance ta Panama, kuma za ku iya jurewa zuwa wani yanki.
Yankin ƙasar Panama biyu
11. Tun a karni na 19, ana koyar da yara 'yan makaranta cewa yankin kudu mafi kudu a Afirka shi ne Cape of Good Hope. A zahiri, bayan cikakkun ma'aunin latitude, ya zama cewa Cape Agulhas yana da nisan kilomita 150 zuwa kudu.
12. A fili sunayen “Ecuador” da “Equatorial Guinea” sun fito ne daga kalmar “equator”. Koyaya, idan ƙasar Kudancin Amurka da gaske an tsallaka ta da tsayin daka ta hanyar sifili kwatankwacinta, to ɓangaren nahiya na Equatorial Guinea yana arewacin arewar. Kudancin mahaifa yana karamin tsibiri ne na Equatorial Guinea.
13. Nan da nan bayan yakin basasa a cikin 1920s, Novosibirsk, kwance a kan bankunan biyu na Ob, ya kasance a cikin yankuna biyu - + awanni 3 daga Moscow a gefen yamma na kogin da +4 a gabas. Wannan bai damun kowa ba - saboda rashin gadoji garin ya rayu a sassa biyu daban-daban.
14. Atisaye da gallazawa na Rasha da gangan suna gurbata sunan birni da lardin Jujui, wanda yake a Argentina. A Latin Amurka, “ju” ba a furta “zhu” a Spain ba, amma “hu”.
15. Yayi yawa kamar keke, amma labarin Puerto Rico gaskiyane duk da haka. Wannan shine asalin sunan birni a tsibirin Caribbean, wanda Christopher Columbus ya kira San Juan. Daliban masu zane-zanen (kuma an zana taswira da hannu) sun rikita girman haruffa. Sakamakon haka, Puerto Rico yanzu ta zama tsibiri, kuma San Juan ne babban birninta.
