Dale Breckenridge Carnegie (1888-1955) - Malami Ba'amurke, malami, marubuci, mai karfafa gwiwa, masanin halayyar dan adam da tarihin rayuwa.
Ya tsaya kan asalin kirkirar ka'idar ilimin halin dan Adam na sadarwa, tare da fassara ci gaban kimiyya na masana halayyar dan adam a wancan lokacin zuwa wani fage mai amfani. Bunƙasa nasa tsarin na sadarwa ba tare da rikici ba.
Akwai abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da yawa a tarihin Dale Carnegie, wanda zamuyi magana akansa a cikin wannan labarin.
Don haka, ga ɗan gajeren tarihin Carnegie.
Dale Carnegie tarihin rayuwa
An haifi Dale Carnegie a ranar 24 ga Nuwamba, 1888 a Missouri, a garin Maryville. Ya girma kuma ya tashi cikin talaucin dangin manomi James William da matarsa Amanda Elizabeth Harbison.
Yara da samari
Lokacin da Dale ke da shekaru 16, ya ƙaura tare da iyayensa da babban ɗan'uwansa zuwa garin Warrensburg. Tunda dangin suna rayuwa cikin talauci, dole ne mai ilimin psychologist na gaba ya sanya tufafin ɗan'uwansa.
A wannan lokacin na tarihin sa, saurayin ya halarci kwalejin horar da malamai ta yankin, inda ba a karbar kudin makaranta. Wani abin ban sha'awa shine kafin ya tafi aji, ya shayar da shanun, ya tashi da karfe 3 na safe.
Bayan shekaru 4, Dale ya yanke shawarar dakatar da karatunsa saboda ya kasa cin jarrabawar Latin. Baya ga wannan, ba shi da sha'awar zama malami. Koyaya, bayan kammala kwaleji, ya koyar da manyan manoma kwasa-kwasan rubutu na ɗan lokaci.
Daga baya Carnegie yayi kasuwancin naman alade, sabulu, da man alade don Armor & Company. Yin aiki a matsayin wakili na tallace-tallace ya buƙaci ya kasance mai sassauƙa wajen sadarwa tare da abokan ciniki. Ya buƙaci ya sami damar shawo kan masu tattaunawa da shi, wanda kawai ya ba da gudummawa ga ci gaban maganarsa.
Abubuwan da ya lura da kuma ƙarshe, wanda Dale ya zo yayin tallace-tallace, ya gabatar a cikin rubutun farko na shawarwari masu amfani. Bayan ya tanadi $ 500, mutumin ya yanke shawarar daina fatauci, saboda a wannan lokacin ya fahimci sarai cewa yana son haɗa rayuwarsa da koyarwar koyarwa.
Carnegie ya yi tafiya zuwa New York, inda ya fara ba da laccoci ga mazauna yankin. A wannan lokacin, kasar tana cikin matsalar tattalin arziki kuma mutane musamman suna bukatar tallafi na hankali. Saboda haka, Dale bai kamata ya yi gunaguni game da raunin 'yan kallo ba.
Matashin masanin halayyar dan adam ya fadawa jama'a yadda ake samun yarda da kai, da kulla alaka da masoya, da kuma yadda za'a ciyar da aikin gaba ko kuma bunkasa kasuwanci.
Christianungiyar Kiristocin ta ƙara wa masarautar Carnegie girma. Sunansa yana ƙara samun farin jini, sakamakon haka ya fara karɓar sabbin shawarwari da yawa.
Adabi da ilimin halin dan Adam
Zuwa 1926, Dale Carnegie yana da gogewa sosai a fannin sadarwa don yana da isassun kayan rubutu don rubuta littafi mai mahimmanci na farko - "ratorywararrun Malaman Kasuwanci da Tasiri."
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, abubuwanda ke tattare da tsarin koyarwa sun ba da izinin namiji ya mallake ta kuma ta hakan ya karɓi kuɗin shiga.
Daga baya Carnegie ta yanke hukunci cewa bai isa ba ga mutum ya iya magana da kyau. Maimakon haka, yana so ya canza ra'ayin mutanen da ke kewaye da shi, da kuma yin tasiri yayin yanke shawara.
A sakamakon haka, a cikin 1936, Dale ya wallafa shahararren littafin How to Win Friends and Influence People, wanda ya sami babbar nasara a tsakanin dukkan ayyukan masanin halayyar dan adam. Wannan aikin, wanda aka sake lissafawa har zuwa yau, ya sanya shi biloniya.
Nasarar littafin ta kasance babbar nasara, a babban bangare saboda Carnegie ta ba da misalai daga rayuwar yau da kullun a ciki, ta bayyana bayanai cikin sauki harshe kuma ta ba da shawarwari masu amfani. A shafukan wannan aikin, ya ƙarfafa mai karatu don yin murmushi sau da yawa, kauce wa zargi da nuna sha'awar mai tattaunawa.
Littafin shahararren littafin Dale Carnegie na gaba, Yadda za a daina Damuwa da Fara Rayuwa, an buga shi a shekarar 1948. A ciki, marubucin ya taimaka wa mai karatu samun rayuwa mai dadi da gamsarwa, tare da kara fahimtar ba shi kadai ba, har ma da wadanda ke kusa da shi.
Carnegie ya ba da shawarar kada ya ci gaba da tunanin abubuwan da suka gabata kuma kada ya damu da makomar. Madadin haka, ya kamata mutum ya rayu don yau kuma ya yi wa duniya kyakkyawan fata. Ya goyi bayan ra'ayinsa da bayanan "ƙarfe".
Misali, daya daga cikin hanyoyin “fara rayuwa” shine bin Dokar Manyan Lambobi, gwargwadon yadda yiwuwar faruwar lamarin ya kasance kadan.
A cikin aikinsa na gaba, Yadda za a Gina Amincewa da Rinjayar Mutane ta hanyar Magana a Gaban Jama'a, Dale Carnegie ya raba asirin magana a gaban jama'a. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, an sake buga wannan littafin sama da sau 100 a Amurka kawai!
A cewar Carnegie, yarda da kai ba abu ne na asali ba, amma kawai sakamakon daukar takamaiman ayyuka ne. Musamman, wannan ya haɗa da yin magana da masu sauraro, amma bisa ga takamaiman makirci.
Dale ya jaddada cewa don samun nasara, mai magana yana bukatar ya yi kyau, ya shirya jawabinsa a hankali, kula da ido tare da mai tattaunawar kuma ya sami manyan kalmomin.
Rayuwar mutum
A matsayinsa na ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun masana a fagen dangantaka, a cikin rayuwarsa ta sirri Carnegie ba zai iya yin alfahari da nasarorin ba.
Tare da matarsa ta farko, Lolita Boker, Dale ya rayu kimanin shekaru 10, bayan haka ya sake asirce. Sakin saki ya kasance daga sirri ga jama'a, don kar a rage tallace-tallace na mai sayarwa na gaba.
Daga baya masanin halayyar dan adam din ya sake yin aure ga Dorothy Price Vanderpool, wacce ta halarci laccocin nasa. Iyalin suna da 'ya'ya mata biyu - ɗiya ɗaya Donna da ɗa Dorothy daga aurenta na farko - Rosemary.
Mutuwa
A cikin shekarun ƙarshe na rayuwarsa, marubucin ya zauna shi kaɗai a cikin gida, tun da ma'aurata ba su da wata dangantaka ta dogon lokaci kamar dā. Dale Carnegie ya mutu a ranar 1 ga Nuwamba, 1955 yana da shekara 66.
Dalilin mutuwar masanin halayyar dan adam shine cutar Hodzhin - mummunar cuta ce ta ƙwayoyin lymph. Ya kuma yi fama da ciwon koda. Abin mamaki, bisa ga wani fasali, mutumin ya harbe kansa saboda ba zai iya tsayayya da cutar ba.
Dale Carnegie ne ya ɗauki hoto
