Menene tsoho? Ana iya jin wannan kalmar sau da yawa a talabijin, musamman idan ta zo ƙasar da ke fuskantar matsalolin tattalin arziki. Koyaya, ana amfani da wannan kalmar a wasu yankuna da yawa, waɗanda zamu tattauna a ƙasa.
A cikin wannan labarin, za mu gaya muku abin da ake nufi da tsoho da kuma sakamakon da zai iya haifarwa ga 'yan ƙasa.
Menene ma'anar tsoho
An fassara daga Turanci, kalmar "tsoho" a zahiri tana nufin "tsoho". Tsoho yanayi ne na tattalin arziki wanda halin rashin ikon biyan basukan waje da na ciki saboda ƙarancin darajar kuɗin ƙasa.
A cikin sauƙaƙan lafuzza, tsoho sanarwa ce ta hukuma daga jihar cewa ta daina biyan basusuka, galibi na dogon lokaci. Duk da wannan, mutum mai sauƙi wanda, alal misali, ya jinkirta biyan rance ko kuma bai yi biyan na wata ba, zai iya yin tsoho.
Baya ga wajibai na kuɗi, tsoho na iya nufin rashin bin duk wasu sassa da aka tanada a yarjejeniyar lamuni ko sharuɗan batun tsaro. Don haka, babban abin da ake buƙata don bayar da rance ga ɗan kasuwa shi ne ƙaddamar da rahoto ga banki.
In ba haka ba, gazawar ƙaddamar da bayanin riba a cikin ƙayyadadden lokacin ana ɗaukar tsoho. Wannan ra'ayi yana da alamomi da yawa:
- rashin bin ka'idojin bashi a cikin wani lokaci;
- rashin kuɗi na mutum, ƙungiya ko jiha;
- rashin cika sharuddan samun rance.
Nau'ikan tsoffin yanayi
Masana tattalin arziki sun rarrabe nau'ikan tsoffin 2 - na fasaha da na al'ada. Tsoho na fasaha yana haɗuwa da matsalolin wucin gadi, lokacin da mai karɓar bashi ya warware abubuwan da ya wajaba a kansu, amma a halin yanzu yana fuskantar wasu matsaloli.
Abinda aka saba sabawa shine rashin biyan bashi wanda ya bayyana kansa fatarar kuɗi. Wato bashi da kudin da zai biya rancen, ko a yanzu ko kuma nan gaba. Yana da kyau a lura da cewa, gwargwadon nau'in mai aro, tsoho na iya zama: sarki, kamfani, harkar banki, da sauransu.
Tsoffin na iya haifar da yanayi daban-daban, gami da rikicin tattalin arziki, rikicin soja, juyin mulki, rasa aiki da sauran dalilai.
Sakamakon rashin daidaituwa
Rashin ikon jihar na haifar da mummunan sakamako:
- ikon ƙasa ya lalace, sakamakon haka ba a samun rance masu arha;
- rage darajar kudin kasar ya fara, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar farashi;
- yanayin rayuwar mutane yana ta zama kasa da ƙasa;
- rashin sayar da kayayyaki yana haifar da fatarar kamfanoni da kamfanoni;
- rashin aikin yi ya hauhawa, albashi kuma ya fadi;
- harkar banki tana wahala.
Koyaya, tsoho yana taimakawa wajen tattara abubuwan ajiyar ƙasar. Kasafin kudi ya fi inganci. Masu ba da bashi, suna tsoron rasa komai, sun yarda da sake fasalin basusuka ko ƙin riba kwata-kwata.
