Yakuza - wani nau'in gargajiya ne na tsara laifi a cikin Japan, ƙungiyar da ke da matsayi babba a cikin masu aikata laifuka na jihar.
Ana san membobin Yakuza da gokudo. A cikin jaridun duniya, ana kiran yakuza ko ƙungiyoyi daban-daban "mafia na Japan" ko "borekudan".
Yakuza yana mai da hankali ne akan ƙimar dangin ubanni, da ƙa'idodin yin biyayya ga maigida ba tare da ƙa'idodi ba da kuma bin ƙa'idodi da ƙa'idodi (lambar mafia), saboda keta hakkinsa akwai horo mai tsanani.
Wannan rukunin yana da tasiri a rayuwar tattalin arziki da siyasa na ƙasar, tare da halaye da yawa daban daban.
30 abubuwan ban sha'awa game da yakuza
Yakuza ba shi da cikakken takamaiman yankuna na tasiri kuma baya neman ɓoye daga jama'a matakan sa na ciki ko haɗin shugabanci. Sakamakon haka, yawancin irin waɗannan rukunin suna da tambarin hukuma da hedkwatar rajista.
A cewar bayanan da ba na hukuma ba, a yau a Japan akwai kusan mambobi mambobi 110,000 na yakuza, sun haɗu cikin ƙungiyoyi 2,500 (iyalai). A cikin wannan labarin, za mu bincika abubuwan da suka fi ban sha'awa game da wannan rukunin masu aikata laifuka masu ban sha'awa.
Sinister ci karo
Yakuza yana gudanar da wuraren shaye shaye, waɗanda ake kira Hostungiyoyin Masu karɓar baƙi / Gida, inda kwastomomi ke da damar yin hira da mai gida ko uwar gidan har ma suna shan giya tare da su. Masu mallakar suna saduwa da baƙi na kulab ɗin, suna sanya su zama akan tebur kuma suna ba da abinci.
Kuma kodayake irin wannan aikin kamar ba shi da illa, a zahiri komai ya bambanta. Sometimesan matan Japan wasu lokuta sukan ziyarci waɗannan kulab ɗin don su ji kamar manya. Maigidan yana ƙarfafa su don yin odar abubuwan sha masu tsada, kuma idan kuɗi ya ƙare, ana tilasta wa 'yan matan su biya bashin da suke bi ta hanyar karuwanci.
Amma kuma mafi muni, yakuza suna da tsarin da irin waɗannan 'yan matan za su kasance har abada cikin bautar jima'i.
Shiga siyasa
Yakuza magoya baya ne kuma masu tallafawa Jam’iyyar Liberal Democratic Party ta Japan, wacce ta wanzu tun daga tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata. A zabubbukan 2012, LDP ta kafa iko kan gwamnati mai ci, inda ta samu kusan kujeru 400 a kananan da manyan majalisun.
Yakin Yakin Basasa na jini
Ofayan yaƙe-yaƙe mafi girma a tarihi ya faru ne a cikin 1985. Bayan mutuwar uban-uba ga Yamaguchi-gumi Kazuo Taoka, an maye gurbinsa da Kenichi Yamamoto, wanda a lokacin yake kurkuku. Abin da ya faranta wa ’yan sanda rai, ya mutu yayin da yake zaman wakafin. 'Yan sanda sun zabi sabon shugaba, amma wani mutum mai suna Hiroshi Yamamoto ya yi matukar adawa da shi.
Mutumin ya shirya kungiyar masu laifi ta Itiva-kai kuma ya harbe zababben shugaban, wanda ya haifar da yakin. A ƙarshen rikicin, wanda ya ci gaba a cikin shekaru 4 masu zuwa, kimanin mutane 40 suka mutu. An kalli artabu tsakanin jini tsakanin yakuza da jagororin tawayen tawaye a duk faɗin Japan. A sakamakon haka, 'yan tawayen sun amince da shan kaye tare da neman rahama.
Magadan Samurai
Yakuza yana da kamanceceniya da yawa tare da samurai class. Tsarin tsarinta kuma ya dogara ne akan rashin biyayya da girmamawa. Kari kan haka, don cimma burinsu, mambobin kungiyar, kamar samurai, suna neman tashin hankali.
Kaciya
A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, yakuza ya hukunta su ta hanyar yanke wani ɓangare na ƙaramin yatsan su, wanda sai a gabatar da shi ga maigidan a matsayin uzurin rashin da'a.
Ra'ayoyi daban-daban
A cikin 'yan jaridu na duniya, ana kiran yakuza "borekudan", wanda ke fassara - - ƙungiyar tashin hankali. Membobin kungiyar suna ganin wannan suna abin bakin ciki ne. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, su da kansu sun fi son kiran kansu "Ninkyō dantai" - "ƙungiyar mawaƙa."
Wani ɓangare na jama'a
Ana kallon mahalarta Yakuza a hukumance cikakkun 'yan ƙasar Japan waɗanda ke biyan haraji kuma suna da haƙƙin taimakon jama'a, a cikin fansho, da sauransu. 'Yan sanda sun yi imanin cewa idan har an dakatar da ayyukan yakuza kwata-kwata, to wannan zai tilasta su su shiga cikin ɓoye sannan kuma za su iya zama babban haɗari ga al'umma.
Asalin sunan
Yakuza sun sami sunansu ne daga mutanen Bakuto, waɗanda suka kasance masu yin caca. Sun rayu daga 18 zuwa tsakiyar karni na 20.
Ayyuka a cikin Amurka
Yau yakuza sun faɗaɗa ayyukansu a Amurka. Membobin kungiyar Sumiyoshi-kai suna hada kai da wasu gungun 'yan kungiyar cikin fashi, da yin jima'i, da kudi da sauran laifuka. Gwamnatin Amurka ta sanya takunkumi a kan shugabannin Yakuza 4 wadanda ke cikin kungiyar mafi girma a jihar, Yamaguchi-gumi.
Asalin laifuka
An yi imanin cewa yakuza ya samo asali ne a tsakiyar lokacin Edo (1603-1868) daga ƙungiyoyi daban-daban na ɓarna 2 - Tekiya (dillalai) da Bakuto ('yan wasa). Bayan lokaci, waɗannan rukunin sun fara hawa kan matakan aikata laifi, sun kai matuka.
Daga kai zuwa yatsun kafa
An san membobin Yakuza da jarfa wanda ke rufe jikinsu duka. Tattoo yana wakiltar wata alama ce ta dukiya, kuma yana nuna ƙarfin namiji, saboda aiwatar da yin jarfa yana da zafi kuma yana ɗaukar lokaci da ƙoƙari sosai.
Dala
Tsarin yakuza na tsari an ƙirƙira shi azaman dala. Ubannin sarki (kumicho) yana samansa, kuma a ƙasa, bi da bi, biye da ƙananan sa.
Dangantaka tsakanin ɗa da uba
Duk dangin yakuza suna da alaƙa da dangantakar oyabun-kobun - matsayin da ya dace da dangantakar mai ba da shawara da ɗaliba, ko uba da ɗa. Duk wani memba na kungiyar na iya zama kobun ko oyabun, aiki a matsayin shugaba ga waɗanda ke ƙasa da shi, da yin biyayya ga waɗanda suka fi shi.
Taimaka hannu
Kodayake yakuza suna da suna a matsayin ƙungiyar masu aikata laifi, amma membobinta sau da yawa suna taimakon 'yan ƙasa. Misali, bayan tsunami ko girgizar kasa, suna ba da taimako iri-iri ga talakawa ta fuskar abinci, ababen hawa, magunguna, da sauransu. Masana sun ce ta wannan hanyar, yakuza kawai ya koma ga tallata kansa ne, maimakon ya tausaya wa mutane na gaske.
Yakuza masu kisan kai?
Duk da cewa da yawa suna magana game da yakuza a matsayin masu kisan kai, wannan ba gaskiya bane. A zahiri, suna ƙoƙari su guji kisa, sun fi son wasu hanyoyin "mutuntaka", gami da yanke yatsa.
Jima'i da fataucin mutane
A yau, yakuza yana kula da fataucin mutane a Japan sosai. Kasuwancin ya sami ƙarin haɓaka ta hanyar masana'antar batsa da yawon shakatawa na jima'i.
Raba ta 3
Dividedungiyar Yakuza ta kasu kashi uku maɓallin haɗin gwiwa. Mafi girman waɗannan shine Yamaguchi-gumi (mambobi 55,000). Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, wannan rukunin ɗayan ƙungiyoyin masu laifi ne a duniya, suna da biliyoyin daloli.
Tsangwama
Matan Yakuza suna yin zane a jikinsu kamar na mazajensu. Ta wannan hanyar, suna nuna amincinsu ga ma'aurata da ƙungiyar.
Tare da girmamawa
Mutuwar tashin hankali ga mambobin yakuza ba abin tsoro bane. Maimakon haka, ana gabatar da shi ne ta hanyar wani abu mai daraja da cancanta na girmamawa. Bugu da ƙari, a wannan batun, suna kama da ra'ayoyin samurai.
Kyakkyawan hoto
A cikin 2012, Yamaguchi-gumi ya rarraba wasiƙa ga mambobinsa don haɓaka halin kirki. Ya ba da shawarar cewa membobin membobin ya kamata su girmama dabi'un gargajiya kuma su shiga cikin sadaka. Koyaya, masana suna ɗaukar irin waɗannan ayyukan ne kawai ta hanyar kamfen ɗin PR.
Yi min
Sakazuki al'ada shine musayar kofuna saboda oyabun (uba) da kobun (ɗa). Wannan al'ada ana ɗaukarta mafi mahimmanci a tsakanin yakuza, wakiltar ƙarfafa dangantaka tsakanin membobinta da ƙungiyar.
Duniya maza
Akwai ƙananan mata masu matsayi a tsarin yakuza. Yawancin lokaci sune matan shugabannin.
Craming
Don shiga yakuza, dole ne mutum ya ci nasarar jarabawa mai shafuka 12. Gwajin ya ba da damar gudanarwa don tabbatar da cewa wanda aka dauka ya san doka sosai don kada ya shiga cikin matsala tare da jami'an tsaro.
Sakin baki na kamfanin
Yakuza ya koma ga yin almubazzaranci da rashawa ko yin sojan gona (sokaya), yana son kasancewa cikin masu hannun jarin kamfanin. Suna samun hujja mai cutarwa a kan manyan jami'ai kuma suna barazanar bayyana wannan bayanin idan ba su ba su kuɗi ko kuma hannun jari ba.
Buɗe zuciya
Yakuza ba sa neman ɓoye hedkwatar su har ma suna da alamomin da suka dace. Godiya ga wannan, shugabannin za su iya, ban da makircin aikata laifi, ƙari kuma suna gudanar da halal na kasuwanci, biyan haraji ga baitul malin jihar.
Sake amsa
Sokaya ya zama sananne sosai cewa a cikin 1982 an gabatar da kudade a Japan don hana su. Koyaya, wannan bai canza yanayin ba sosai. Hanya mafi inganci don magance yakuza ita ce tsara taron masu hannun jari a rana ɗaya. Tun da yakuza ba zai iya zama ko'ina ba gaba ɗaya, wannan ya ba da damar rage yawan abubuwan da ke faruwa.
Dingara yatsa
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, a cikin zanen yara game da Bob the Builder, jarumin yana da yatsu 4, yayin da a Japan iri ɗaya yake da yatsu 5. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa gwamnatin Japan ba ta son yaran su yi tunanin cewa Bob yana cikin yakuza.
Kasuwa baki
A Japan, zane-zane yana haifar da mummunan tasiri a tsakanin jama'a, tunda suna da alaƙa da yakuza. A saboda wannan dalili, akwai 'yan zane-zane a cikin ƙasa, tunda babu wanda yake son haɗa wasu da yakuza.
Samurai takobi
Katana takobi ne na samurai na gargajiya. Abun mamaki ne cewa har yanzu ana amfani da wannan makamin azaman makamin kisan kai. Misali, a 1994, an kashe mataimakin shugaban Fujifilm Juntaro Suzuki da katana saboda ya ki biyan kudin yakuza.
Uban gijin Japan
Kazuo Taoka, wanda aka fi sani da "Godfather of Godfathers", shi ne shugaba na uku na babbar kungiyar Yakuza a tsakanin shekarun 1946-1981. Ya tashi maraya kuma daga baya ya fara gwagwarmaya akan titi a Kobe, karkashin jagorancin maigidansa na gaba, Noboru Yamaguchi. Alamar kasuwancin sa, yatsu a idanun abokan gaba, ta sanyawa Taoka laƙabi da "Bear".
A shekarar 1978, wasu gungun abokan hamayya sun harbi Kazuo (a bayan wuyansa) a wani gidan rawa, amma har yanzu ya tsira. Bayan 'yan makonni, an sami wanda ya zage shi ya mutu a cikin wani daji kusa da Kobe.
